Given that the Paraquat are being removed from the list of herbicides in Iran to find a replacement for that, new per and post EMERGENCE herbicides were compared with it. These experiments were conducted in Tehran in apple and in Desfol and Jiroft in citrus orchards. 13 treatments were distributed in a completely randomized block design with 3 replications. Different compounds of pre-EMERGENCE herbicides Napropamide and Trifluralin and post-EMERGENCE herbicides a new Glyphosate, 160g L-1 Amitrole, 143g L-1 Ammonium thiocyanate and 60g L-1 Glyphosate (ATG), Glyphosate, Paraquat were the treatments. In the late autumn per-EMERGENCE herbicides and when weeds were 10 cm in height postEMERGENCE herbicides were used. The results showed that the effect of pre-EMERGENCE herbicides on weed control in winter weeds depending on the weed type. In Dezful this effect was significant compared to control (20-42 %) and in Tehran had no significant effect. It looks as regards the impact of Trifluralin is the same as Napropamide and its dose is less than Devrinol, Trifluralin is a better option than Napropamide for orchards. Although, due to residual effects, pre EMERGENCE herbicides after six months were also effective in weed control, but the weed control by post-EMERGENCE herbicides was more than them. In the post-EMERGENCE herbicides ATG in 4. 3 and 3. 6 kg/ha, new Glyphosate in 0. 54 kg/ha, Paraquat and Glyphosate showed the highest rate summer weed control, but according to the dose, new Glyphosate in 0. 54 kg/ha, Paraquat and Glyphosate are among the post-EMERGENCE herbicide better options.

Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis with many acute and chronic manifestations caused by the pathogen Coxiella burnetii. Farm animals and pets are the main reservoirs of infection, and transmission to human beings is mainly accomplished through inhalation of contaminated aerosols. Persons at greatest risk are those in contact with farm animals and include farmers, abattoir workers, and veterinarians. The organs most commonly affected during Q fever are the heart, the arteries, the bones and the liver. The most common clinical presentation is an influenza-like illness with varying degrees of pneumonia and hepatitis. Although acute disease is usually self-limiting, people do occasionally die from this condition. Endocarditis is the most serious and most frequent clinical presentation of chronic Q fever. Vascular infection is the second most frequent presentation of Q fever. The diagnosis of Q fever is based on a significant increase in serum antibody titers. The treatment is effective and well tolerated, but must be adapted to the acute or chronic pattern with the tetracyclines to be considered the mainstay of antibiotic therapy. For the treatment of Q fever during pregnancy the use of long-term cotrimoxazole therapy is proposed.

Introduction: The most common cause of short delayed arousal is due to “overdose of a sedative-hypnotic” medication after general anesthesia and it is not of clinical importace. However, long term delayed arousal is due to several important conditions that can confuse anesthesiologists.Case report: The patient was a 28 years old woman with mucormycosis, candidate for sinuses drainage by endoscopic intervention .One months before surgery, while she was in 18-19 weeks of gestational age, she suddenly felt dyspnea and fatigue. In further investigations, severe anemia was diagnosed and in bone marrow biopsy AML-M5 was detected. Physicians decided to end her pregnancy by D&C. After one week of chemotherapy with Cytosar (Cytarabine) and Idarubicin, pneumonia and sepsis occured. Therapy with Vancomycin and Amphotericin B and Imipenem leads to epistaxis and rhinorrhea. CT Scan of sinuses demonstrated mucormycosis. She was alert and awake before general anesthesia with Fentanyl and Cisatracurium and Propofol for induction and maintenance. At the end of operation she could not be awake .Her delayed arousal had been continued for one day, then awakened spontaneously and discharged from hospital.Conclusion: Several factors such as chemotherapy drugs (affects on liver and brain),length of operation, imbalance in levels of electrolytes and low proteins due to malnutrition caused by cancers are the possible causes of the condition. Use of BIS maybe a good offer to decrease anesthetic drug doses during general anesthesia.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and evaluate the possible positive and negative consequences of using the Club House network in Iran. The importance of this study is that achieving a correct understanding of the positive and negative aspects of using this network can explain the possible threats and opportunities that the use of this virtual network can have for the country in the run-up to the 1400 presidential elections. And to help the country's officials in the field of cyberspace in choosing a correct, scientific and principled confrontation with this social network. The research method was performed using a qualitative method and information and data were collected through in-depth interviews with experts. Permanent comparison method has also been used to analyze the data. The research results show; Interviewees believe that the existence of Club House in Iran has positive dimensions such as: marginalizing the voices of informal groups in society and politics, reducing fake news and content by emphasizing the credibility of resources, enabling dialogue without any intervention and visual appeal (overcoming logic). Deception, developing a culture of dialogue by creating a respectful atmosphere for it, emerging as an elite medium, being effective while not pervasive, solving the problem of other platforms by enabling dialogue without overcoming tools, creating a deep and real medium for elites and Opportunities such as: reducing the audience of dissident and monarchist networks, creating mobility in the main media of the country, including radio and television, in order to re-conquer the audience of analytical and deep productions, increase time and social capital. The platform also has negative features such as: lack of ubiquity, lack of archival capability, non-democratic media (minority rights are not recognized in chat rooms), low number of users compared to other existing platforms, monosensitivity (purely audio-radio platform 24 Hours), being an American platform and threatening to influence the 1400 elections (virtual-media elections) and challenge radio.

Metaphysical naturalism has been the dominant strand since the mid-20th century (e. g., Quine, 1981), though the exact formulation of it has been heatedly disputed (Papineau, 2007/2020). Often it is discussed with its kin physicalism and materialism, though these terms have different connotations and theoretical baggage (Stoljar, 2010). In recent years, a relative consensus amongst the Anglo-Saxon tradition seems to be this: metaphysical naturalism should take the form of certain version of physicalism, and details aside, some form of physicalism has to be right (Kim, 2011). One prominent exception is John McDowell’, s variant: accumulated in his seminal work Mind and World (1996a), he has been arguing for a relaxed version of naturalism, which denies physicalism (1996b,for discussions, see e. g., Fink, 2006,Toner, 2008). This variant has not been taken seriously in the naturalism literature, partly because McDowell’, s writing style is idiosyncratic, and his works involve elements in continental philosophy, notably German Idealism and hermeneutics (e. g., 1996a, 2003). To remedy this, there are two aims of this paper. The first is to explain why Hans-Georg Gadamer’, s distinction between environment and world (1960/2004) is crucial for understanding McDowell’, s relaxed naturalism,the second is to explain how contemporary analytic metaphysics can help cash out a crucial missing piece in McDowell’, s writings, i. e., strong EMERGENCE (O’, Conner, 2020,Wilson, 2021).

Since the existence and development of Self-grown residential areas in the suburb of Tehran has caused many problems it Seems in dispensible to study the causes of their development. In this paper the causes of the development of pakdasht, as an example, are reviewed. Briefly explaining, the area, The auther talks about the population, social and economical situation there. He then discuses the factors contributed to the emerging and developing this area, including the population growth, economical problems, and employment. The study concludes factors such as cheap land, and rent for houses, and the presence of small industrial units in the region have had a great impact on the development of Pakdasht. Finally the reasons for migration of people and social growth in the area are discussed.