In this paper some topological transformations are designed for simplifying certain problems involved in mechanics of structures. For each case, the main problem is stated and the proposed topological transformation is established. Once the required topological analysis is completed. a back transformation results the solution for the main problem. EXPEDIENT transformations studied here employ (1) models drawn on a plane. (2) models embedded into higher dimensional spaces.(3) interchange models defined which have more simple connectivity properties than the corresponding original structural model.

The synthesis of novel coumarin-based sulfonamides was accomplished in good yields via InCl3-catalyzed three-component condensation of N-(2-formylphenyl)-N-methylbenzene sulfonamides, 4-hydroxycoumarin and cyclic secondary amines in toluene.

EXPEDIENT should include two traits: connection to Shariah objects and cover this and the next word. Whatever reach human to prosperity is his EXPEDIENT. Prosperity is super enjoyment, stability and being away from pain and sorrow in life which include this and the next word. EXPEDIENTs classifies in three groups: superior, medial and operational. Disturbance to prosecute EXPEDIENTs arises in three aspects: disturbance in expressing the economic system EXPEDIENTs of Islam, the disturbance of economic system EXPEDIENTs with other Islamic systems, the disturbance of individual EXPEDIENTs with economic system. In the first and the third option determining the most important is according to achieve super EXPEDIENTs. In the second option it is the case if each social subsystem conducts us to the higher purpose of an Islamic system. Distinguishing EXPEDIENTs in individual rules is only possible through juristic principles. Valliye Faqih recognizes social behavior and relation examples through social decisions. He will discover the rule in inference sources and compare them with considered matter and if he found any disturbance between individual and social rules he would select the most important one in contrast with the others.Finally Valliye Faqih consults with experts and skillful consultants to act certainly in favor of society EXPEDIENTs and to achieve to the purposes of economic system in Islam. Applying preponderant probability is a method that deriving from rational methods like: analogy and juristic preference when it is impossible to take a confidence result.

A simple approach for component reaction between aldehydes, anilines or ammonium acetate, and dimedone in ethanol as a solvent is studied using Ag-SiO2 nanoparticles. This approach results for the synthesis of various decahydroacridines in appropriate yields (80-94%). The use of Ag-SiO2 nanoparticles as a heterogeneous catalyst lets a clean procedure.

Under Art. 99 of Constitional Law, The supervision on election is construed a duty of the Guardian Council (Shoraye Negahban). In order to prevent the influence of executors and to guarantee a safe efection, it is obvious that there should be some sort of supervision. The first condition to reach this aim is that the members of the Guardian council should not have an effective relationship to political factions and groups,and the rule of prohibition of membership in the Council with the other executive duties must be observed. In this article, by investigating the «EXPEDIENT supervision» and «supervision for taking in formation»,while considering the quality of the supervision, it is concluded that the superintendence of the Guardian Council is disciplinary so that the Council as an impartial observator by comparing the volunteers identification with the legal conditions anel by sepervising the course of election could guarantee a legal and free election.

In the present study, a modified time relaxed Monte Carlo (MTRMC) method is developed for numerical solution of the Boltzmann equation in rarefied regimes. Taylor series expansion is employed to obtain a generalized form of the Wild sum expansion and consequently the modified collision functions with fewer inter-molecular interactions are obtained. The proposed algorithm is applied on the lid-driven micro cavity flow with different lid velocities and the results for velocity and shear stress distributions are compared with those from the standard DSMC and TRMC methods. The comparisons show excellent agreement between the results of the MTRMC method with their counterparts from TRMC and DSMC methods. The present study illustrates appreciable improvement in the computational expense of the MTRMC method compared to those from standard TRMC and DSMC methods. The improvement is more pronounced compared to the standard DSMC method. It is observed that up to 56% reduction in CPU time is obtained in the studied cases.

The Fe3O4@SiO2@APTMS@Glu-His@V complex was prepared with modification of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles with (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APTMS) and glutaraldehyde-L-histidine Schiff base followed by complexation with VOSO4. Characterization of the Fe3O4@SiO2@APTMS@Glu-His@V complex was carried out by means of FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM, AAS and VSM techniques. It was found that Fe3O4@SiO2@APTMS@Glu-His@V complex successfully catalyze the epoxidation of allyl alcohols with tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) in moderate to high yields. The epoxidation of geraniol with 100 % conversion and 100% selectivity within 15 min is remarkable. Short reaction time, high activity, selectivity, stability, reusability and easily magnetic separation of the catalyst with no leaching during the course of reactions are some advantages of this research.