The knowledge of rangelands suitability is a requirement for the exploitation of medicinal plants of those rangelands. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to evaluate the Exploitability of MPs in 12 representative habitats of semi-steppe regions based on the ecological and economic (E&E) indices. For this purpose, after measuring the vegetation and estimating the production of MPs, the E&E indices related to the exploitation of MPs in each habitat were calculated. Finally, based on the indices, the suitability class of each habitat was determined according to the FAO guidelines by the limiting factor method. The results showed that the forage available of habitats varied from 90 to 591 kg. ha-1. Also, the share of MPs production in habitats was obtained between 5 and 58%. In other words, the production of MPs in the habitats varied from 27 to more than 383 kg. ha-1. Accordingly, the expected value of each hectare of habitats from the exploitation of MPs, taking into account the discount rate of 5. 4% in September 2020, varied from 3 to 41 $. ha-1. Overall, the suitability of the habitats varied between good to unsuitable (25% good, 17% moderate, 25% low, and 33% unsuitable) in terms of production and exploitation of MPs, but all the habitats had good suitability in terms of forage production for grazing. Therefore, the exploitation of all the habitats cannot play an important and equal role in improving the livelihood of pastoralists and with the approach of preserving the plant genetic resources, the exploitation of MPs in all the rangeland habitats could not be recommended. In addition, the permitted exploitation limit in each habitat varies according to the conditions and trend of the rangeland and the sensitivity of the soil to erosion. This issue should be considered in the policy of paying attention to MPs, and it should be emphasized in the multi-purpose rangeland management plans.

Nowadays, computer network attacks are considered as the most serious issue in everybody’s life. Network hardening is a necessity which requires prioritizing vulnerabilities and finding the most dangerous ones. So, risk assessment should be done as much accurate as possible. The most widely used system for risk assessment is CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) that has some difficulties which make risk analysis inaccurate. Limited number of risk scores is the most critical issue which causes inefficient vulnerability discrimination. Here one novel approach is proposed which amends the Impact formula of CVSS by the aim of increasing risk estimation accuracy and scores diversity.

Biotechnology allows exploitation of biomass and biodiesel in providing fuel through protecting biodiversity and developing novel strategies including strategies for removal of water, soil and weather pollutants; and it provides opportunities for development of international environmental law by providing opportunities for utilization of Exploitability of genetic materials resulting from fossilized remains of extinct flora and fauna species aiming at simulation of extinct species. Through providing alternative strategies instead of traditional methods for protection of environment and prevention of any damaged incurred on it, it can significantly help the development of international law in this respect. While biotechnology plays a significant role in the development of international environmental law, the unknown poisonous composites, allergic responses, and unpredictable genetic pollutions resulting from supplying poisonous organism due to intervention in existing organisms can pave the way for destruction and pollution of the environment. The positive consequences of this technology and its negative effects are determinants accelerating the change in international society attitude towards the significance and the necessity of protection of the environment, finally leading to increased development of international environmental law. Focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of biotechnology, this study is concerned with how biotechnology can serve the development of international environmental law. While the positive aspects of biotechnology shouldn't be ignored, it is necessary to give due attention to its consequences and effects.