Sesame oil contains unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid, Oleic acid and Lecithin. Lecithin and specially unsaturated fatty acids have important role in several physiological functions. In his project effect of sesame oil injection (i.p.) on FEAR conditioning was studied. Female mice (25±3 g) were used. Animals divided to four groups: control and three test groups which were injected by 0.1 ml sesame oil (i.p.) for 1, 3 and 4 days respectively. FEAR conditioning test carried out in three steps. 1- Animals take place in test compartment for 5 min in first day. 2- in second day, each animal exposed to noise for 3 min and finally received foot shock (5 sec, 1mA). 3-After 1 hour and 24 hour (in the last day) each animal exposed to noise for 1 min and freezing time was measured. All data was analyzed by one way ANOVA. There was not any significant difference between control and other groups in FEAR conditioning test after 1 hour. There was any significant difference in FEAR conditioning test after 24 hour between control animals and animals which sesame oil was injected once. There were significant difference in freezing time after 24 hour between control group and groups which sesame oil was injected for 3 and 4 days (P<0.03). Sesame oil had not effects on memory recalling, one hour after foot shock. It seems that sesame oil stimulates mechanisms that affected memory in long period. Probably lecithin of sesame oil acts as a source for acetylcholine and potentiate cholinergic system in brain specifically hippocampus. More studies need to determine facts.

The verse “Spend your wealth in the cause of Allah and do not let your own hands throw you into destruction and…” is one of the verses of the Holy Quran that jurists have cited it in various discussions (Al-Baqarah, 2:195). There are many debates in determining the extent of the prohibition and how to interpret this verse, although the use of the prohibition of casting (throwing) from this verse is not debatable. This paper which has been done by descriptive analytical method, seeks to answer the question: Is the criterion of the prohibition of casting into Tahluka (Arabic: التَّهْلُکَة, destruction), probability, presumption, FEAR with individual criterion or generic FEAR? This research criticizes the presented criteria after stating the meaning of the verse and presenting the viewpoints and firstly, the presented criteria accepts the generality of casting into Tahluka (Arabic: التَّهْلُکَة, destruction), considering the criticisms of other views and considering that the case cannot limit (restrict) the general and expanded meaning of the verse and secondly, due to the fact that rulings are enacted on titles and subjects in Islamic Sharia (Arabic: شریعة, Romanized: sharīʿa) and it is also accepted the theory of generic FEAR that is the customary ruling for the destruction of the person due to the improbability of jurists’ obligation to personal FEAR essential concomitants and due to the recension (the effective cause) of the fatwā (Arabic: فتوی; plural fatāwā فتاوی) of jurists in verses such as the mentioned verse. Therefore, casting into Tahluka (Arabic: التَّهْلُکَة, destruction) is forbidden, if it is from the perspective of custom for the human race.

FEAR can be known as the most important aim in terrorist actions. Although these kind of actions can affect many people physically, directly or indirectly, on the base of psychology of terrorism, it can be said that FEAR spreading is the main purpose of terrorism and terror can be described and defined just on the base of FEAR. This purpose may be created by the use of mass communication tools and may be spreaded with the kindness of technology which is promoting day by day. This FEAR which is hidden in terrorist acts could help the terrorists in the way of their goals and could help the states to obtain the obedience of their citizens. Terrorist groups can use the FEAR spreading to effect on the states and on the other hand this FEAR enables the states to control the public emotions on the light of FEAR from terrorism and in the meanwhile the security of people would be sacrificed by the FEAR and instead they would get the unpleasant sense of miserably.

Dopaminergic pathway has essential role in excitable behavior, especially FEAR. Cannabinoids are a class of psychoactive substances and impair memory. The aim of recent study is the effect f dopaminergic pathway in FEAR memory. In this research, the effect of D1 receptor antagonist Intracerebroventricular injection dopaminergic pathway and Arachidonyl cyclopropyl amide (ACPA) as impair on FEAR memory, in male mice was studied. One week after surgery of groups, in FEAR conditioning box, percent freezing and latency to first freezing was recorded. According to tukey test statistical analysis and one-way and two-way phase 5 min and 3 min, percent freezing ACPA dose of 0.1 mg/kg compared to the control group had a significant increase in latency. The percent freezing Dose SCH23390 0.08 mg/site in phase 5 min was significantly reduced in the 3min dose of 0.04 mg/site significant increase in latency indicated. According to Statistical test tow-way and tukey test showed that simultaneous injection of SCH23390 (0.02 mg/mice) and doses of ACPA in phase 3 minutes to 5 minutes and has resulted in a significant reduction in latency and percent freezing. Results indicating that high doses of ACPA cause memory corruption and FEAR reduction as antagonist SCH23390 infusion D1 cause of the FEAR.

Whether FEAR of death is rational or not is a topic discussed nowadays in philosophical circles. While explaining the nature of FEAR of death, this paper tries to examine the idea of its being irrational. We will show that FEAR of death is a natural reaction to the individual's noetic structures so it should not be considered absurd or irrational. Then, we will examine the arguments put forth in favor of the irrationality of FEAR of death, and will show that FEAR of death is rational and even recommended in religious traditions. This paper is written in a descriptive-analytic format.