This article is not with homeless or unattended children, or children with physical diseases, or other kinds of "common problems." This article, which is the result of researcher's close observation, focuses on the state of children who live under such conditions which will most probably have harmful effects on their future lives and these are due to their" parents' mistakes" not outside factors. However, this state passes unnoticed since the victims are hidden within the family.The research compares 5-12 year old children of addicted Fathers with those of non - addicted Fathers. This study was carried out on one hundred families of the addict, on one hand, and another similar one hundred families on the other hand. These children have not been subjects for social scientists and health experts because of the following facts:-They live with their parents.- They are not criminals yet.- They show no signs of improper behavior.These facts, however, do not deny their possible uncertain future. In order to understand the conditions under which these children live and the consequences of the father' addiction, it is possible to look for addiction factors in the problematic structure of the society, availability of drugs, incorrect function of society, incorrect function of social institutions , troubled social relations, and the state of individuals.If we draw an analogy between society and family, will the children's state be like in the addicted family? Is the structure of the family healthy? Do parents play their roles well? What are the  individual states of the children within particular family structure?Studying such families and their conditions become more important when we consider this fact that most studies carried out about Iranian families are concerned with divorce. But, unfortunately, there is no information about problems in the families. We know nothing about parents who have not a mutual emotional relationship and who merely live in one house without supporting each other emotionally. Children of such families are overlooked by researchers and are not even included in divorce statistics. Actually, they suffer more than the children of divorce.

Context: Tokophobia is an intense fear of childbirth that may result in considerable outcomes. This phenomenon may also be observed in Fathers. However, studies are infrequent on tokophobia frequency and its related factors in Fathers. Therefore, this study aimed to address tokophobia in Fathers. Evidence Acquisition: A comprehensive literature search was performed in databanks such as Ovid and Google Scholar, as well as electronic databases including PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science, Science Direct, Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Barakat (IranMedex), without time limit. Articles were published between 1988 and 2020. Results: Initially, 150 studies were recruited, and finally, 55 of themremained for the final appraisal after omitting unrelated studies. The findingsfromrelated studies were organized as the epidemiology of tokophobia inmen, biopsychosocial etiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of tokophobia in men. Considering the tendency of Fathers to hide tokophobia, providing suitable knowledge and support from health providers can probably retain the trust in this population and help them cope with tokophobia. Conclusions: During pregnancy, Fathers may suffer from fear of childbirth that can impact their health and abilities. Thus, during counseling and prenatal care, the providers should pay attention to Fathers.

Introduction: Parents (or parent) drug addiction may cause or enhance behavioral disorders in children (12). In the present study the behavioral disorders among the children of addicted and non-addicted Fathers were investigated. Materials & Methods: Subjects were 125 students with addicted Fathers and 125 students with non-addicted Fathers (N=250. The instrument used in this study was Rutter's Teacher Questionnaire. Findings: The prevalence rate of behavioral disorders in children with addicted Fathers was higher than the prevalence rate of behavioral disorders in children with nonaddicted Fathers. Significant differences were found by gender on rates of behavioral disorders. Fathers' levels of education were related to the children's rates of behavioral disorders. Behavioral disorders occur at a higher rate in children with non-educated and low educated Fathers. In comparison with children of non-addicted Fathers, children of addicted Fathers had higher rates of school absenteeism. Children of addicted Fathers also had higher rates of visiting school consular. There was a significant relationship between behavioral disorders and academic achievements. Academic achievements were negatively related. Conclusions: Fathers drug addiction and behavioral disorders in children are related  

Background: Hospitalization of a child in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is a stressful experience for parents. High stress in father can lead to decline in psychological adaptation and associated problems. The present study aimed to determine the effect of Fathers' participation in the care of hospitalized child in PICU on his stress and coping strategies.Material and methods: This case-control study was performed on 60 Fathers with children admitted to the PICU in intervention and control groups. Fathers in intervention group participated in the care of the child in 5 times, during a 5-days course. Fathers stress and coping strategies were surveyed in intervention group before and after participation course and in control group before and after a 5-days course.Results: Fathers' stress in intervention group decreased significantly after participation (p􀀀 0/001) but in control group difference was not significant after time course. Fathers in both groups applied similar coping strategies that were often emotion focused.Conclusion: Fathers of children in PICU would experience too much stress. Their participation in the care of the children would be effective to decline their stress and reach most adaptation with disease, cure and cares in children.