The purpose of this article is to propose a technique for agility evaluation and ranking production units using verbal variables set and if-then rules. First, organization’s agility level has been evaluated by Fuzzy Agility Index (FAI), and then, production units of the organization have been ranked by INTERVAL Fuzzy ELECTRE technique. By the use of this technique, all of the alternatives have been evaluated based on non-rating comparisons and those of ineffective have been removed. In the next stage, a four dimensional matrix has been proposed as a facilitating tool for decision making process and achievement of managers’ goals. In fact, appropriate strategies have been determined for planning and decision making, according to available conditions and ideal situations.

One of the most important causes of patellofemoral pain syndrome is malfunction of quadriceps muscle, especially vastus medialis muscle weakness.Twenty seven normal healthy subjects (21.4±3.4 years) and 17 patients with patellofemoral pain (24.1±3.6 years) were included in this study. Recruitment Internal(RI) of the patients and normal subjects were recorded by 4 using a coaxial needle electrode in vastus medialis during voluntary contraction.The effects of ten sessions of closed chain quadriceps exercise were evaluated on the control group and patients by methods of RI recording. Following exercise program there was significant decrease of mean value of RI in Vastus medialis muscle (P<0. 0001). RI recording method could be used for assessing the weakness of Vastus medialis muscle.

In most of real world problems data su er from inaccuracy, thus considering an INTERVAL for data perturbation seems to be a good idea. There exist many papers in literature about INTERVAL linear programming problems (ILP) dealing with non negative variables. Here the general form of an ILP is considered where all the parameters and variables are considered to be INTERVALs. Moreover, in this study more general conditions for variables are considered, variables which are unrestricted in sign. Although this is the case in most of the real world problems, due to high complexity it has not been dealt with in literature yet. In this paper a new method is presented in order to obtain fully INTERVAL linear programming problems (F ILPP ) using a nonlinear programming problem (NLP). Furthermore, in order to demonstrate how the proposed method works two numerical examples are illustrated.

Probe INTERVAL graphs are used as a generalization of INTERVAL graphs in physical mapping and sequencing of DNA. In this article has been shown that probe INTERVAL graphs are weakly triangulated and consequently are perfect. Furthermore, probe INTERVAL graphs have been determined according to consecutive order of their intrinsic cliques.

Background and Objective: Adiponectin is an adipocytokine that is produced in adipocytes and recent studies have shown that adiponectin has anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory feature. But its response to successive exercises and detraining is unknown. The purpose of the present research was to measure the effect of a 10-week high intensity INTERVAL training (HIIT) and subsequent detraining period on plasma level of adiponectin in non-athlete male students.Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental research, 26 non-athlete male students were selected in a simple random manner and were divided into two control and experimental groups. Experimental group exercised in a 10-week training plan, 3 times a week; with a severing gamut of 85 to 100 percent HRmax and sequentially they experienced 4 weeks of detraining. The blood sampling was done after fasting for 14 hours in various phases with same conditions and the plasma level of adiponectin was measured using American Boster Corporation Adiponectin kit. Data were analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov, repeated measure ANOVA and post hoc LSD and t-test at a significance level set at a£0.05.Results: The results showed that 10-week high intensity INTERVAL training (HIIT) results in a significant increase in the level of plasma adiponectin as well as a significant decrease in BMI value and body weight in experimental group than the ones in the control group (p=0.000). It was also found out that plasma level of adiponectin had a significant decrease after 4 weeks of detraining (p=0.000). At the end of research, there was no notable change in body weight, BMI value and plasma level of adiponectin in the control group.Conclusion: High-intensity INTERVAL training, as a new and effective method of training, with a noteworthy increase in adiponectin, a protective factor for cardiovascular disease, has a prophylactic effect on cardiovascular disease, while with a cessation of exercise and detraining, optimal training adaptations are lost and with a decrease in adiponectin, people are exposed to risk factors for heart disease.

We give an alternative treatment and extension of some results of Itoh and Mahmoud on one-sided INTERVAL trees. The proofs are based on renewal theory, including a case with mixed multiplicative and additive renewals.