To day use of cosmetics is spread widely by human societies. Information about the health risks that might be associated with LIPSTICK consumption effects is scarce in the literature. The present work investigated the health effects of exposure to LIPSTICK on the disposition of lead (Pb) in kidney of rats. First, Lead contents were determined in 12 different brands of LIPSTICKs using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer coupled to graphite tube atomizer after an acid digestion procedure. Lead was detected in all the studied samples. Then, one brand was selected for feeding to the rats and amount of oral exposing in the three doses was calculated. Sixty rats were used for the experiment. Animals were divided into 4 groups of 15 animals each. While 1group served as control group, the remaining 3 groups were exposed to LIPSTICK through oral gavage for 90 days. Results show that, exposure to the LIPSTICK cause significantly disposition of lead in the kidney of rats and since that study used a dosing regimen similar to 90 days used here, any estimates of kidney concentrations of lead should be revised upward. These might put consumers at the risk of lead poisoning.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in LIPSTICK and eye pencil cosmetics of different grades in the markets of Iran. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in Ahvaz city in 2018. Sixty different samples of LIPSTICK and eye pencil of three common brands were selected and analyzed using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and the results were compared with standard values recommended by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The analysis of LIPSTICKs was based on producer country and colors and producer country only for eye pencil. Results: The mean concentrations of Pb and Cd were 41. 86 and 53. 42 μ g/g, respectively. Concentrations of lead were higher than those of Cd in LIPSTICKs, while for eye pencil, Cd showed higher concentrations. The overall results indicated that in all brands and colors of LIPSTICKs, only 33% of the samples had Pb content less than the FDA limit, and among LIPSTICK samples, 44% had Cd concentration less than the FDA limit of 3 μ g/g, however, in 100% of the eye pencil samples, the concentration of Cd was higher than the recommended value of 3 μ g/g. Conclusion: Given the health risks of exposure to heavy metals and in order to increase community awareness about the harmful effects of cosmetics, it is necessary to monitor the concentration of these toxic elements in these products and encourage the manufactures to meet the FDA standards.

Background and Aim: Human exposure to heavy metals causes health problems and use of cosmetic products; especially LIPSTICK and hair dye contaminated by metals is considered a way of exposure to these agents. The aim of this study was to determine concentrations of heavy metals in LIPSTICK and hair dye cosmetics products in Sanandaj.Material and Methods: This study was a cross - sectional study and performed from Jan to Feb, 2015. In this study we collected 50 samples from four brands of LIPSTICK and hair dye in Sanandaj.After preparation of the samples by acid digestion, the concentrations of heavy metals were measured by using ICP-OES and the results were reported in microgram per gram.Results: The results showed that the mean concentrations of cadmium, iron and zinc in the hair dyes were higher than those in the LIPSTICKs; while the mean concentrations of, copper, nickel and lead in the LIPSTICKs were higher than those in the hair dyes. Moreover, among the metals iron had the highest and silver and cadmium had the lowest concentrations in both of the cosmetic products. HQ index in this study was less than 1.Conclusion: The metal concentrations in the LIPSTICK and hair dye cosmetics products in Sanandaj were generally lower than the maximum acceptable concentration in the US and Canada. Considering the potential effects of metals on health, it is essential to control import of these products into the country and establish national standards for cosmetics.

Background and Objectives: Development of cosmetics industry has increased the affinity to use these products by people especially women for makeup and toilet. Due to the presence of metals such as lead and cadmium as preservative and colored element in these products, concentrations of these metals in sunscreen cosmetics, LIPSTICK and hair color were determined.Materials and Methods: Different brands of cosmetics were analyzed to determine Cd and Pb concentration (in mg/kg dry weight) using graphite furnace atomic absorption (AA-670).Results: We found that generally mean concentration of Cd was lower than Pb. There was no significant difference of Cd level between different brands of sunscreen and LIPSTICK (p>0.05), whereas, a significant difference of Pb between the brands studied was observed (p<0.05). No significant difference was obtained between concentration of Cd and Pb in various brands of hair color (p>0.05).Conclusion: Though levels of Pb and Cd in selected brands of cosmetics were lower than standard limits, their low concentration in compared with the results of previous research works could induce serious hazards on human health and the possibility of occurrence or exacerbation of disease including allergy, inflammation, skin diseases, cancer and so on. Hence, preparation and use of these products must be done according to current standards.

Background & Objectives: Cadmium and lead are the common environmental contaminants used in various cosmetic products. The aim of this study was to determine concentrations of cadmium and lead in hair dye and LIPSTICK marketed in Kermanshah.Methods: In this study, 300 samples were taken from six different brands of lip gloss and four different brands of hair color with the highest sales rate in Kermanshah city. Concentrations of lead and cadmium were measured by AAS and reported as mg/kg of dry weight.Results: Concentrations of lead were higher than cadmium levels found in the cosmetics. The lead and cadmium concentrations in LIPSTICKs ranged from 211.71 to 429.19 mg/kg and 25.11 to 68.25 mg/kg, respectively. Lead and cadmium concentrations in hair color were in the ranges of 57.69-76.42 mg/kg and 7.91-14.58 mg/kg, respectively. The highest concentration of lead and cadmium were found in American LIPSTICK and the lowest concentration was measured in Iranian and Italian hair colors. Cadmium and lead concentrations in different brands of LIPSTICK and hair color were significantly different (p<0.001).Conclusion: The concentrations of cadmium in cosmetics were higher than the recommended levels. Given the health risks of these metals, comprehensive interventions are necessary to increase community awareness on hidden dangers of cosmetics to promote health and to enforce regulatory and legal actions.

This study aimed to investigate the levels of heavy metals in the LIPSTICK products. In general, 30 samples were randomly selected from Mashhad markets. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t test were used to compare color and price variables. Based on the results, the mean concentrations of studied elements were as follows: Cd (ND-0. 52 μ g/g), Cr (0. 25-76. 35 μ g/g), Ni (ND-20. 12 μ g/g), Zn (ND-224. 22 μ g/g), Pb (ND-44. 77 μ g/g), and Hg (ND-0. 32 μ g/g). The presence of toxic metals in the samples, and on the other hand, continuous use and unintended ingestion of these metals can lead to their biological accumulation in the human body, thereby causing the development of different diseases. Hence, it deems necessary to apply suitable actions for the improvement of quality control over these products.