Classification of drugs into two categories named soft and hard has a long history in Netherlands and United States of America. Soft drugs are believed to be non-addictive and less damaging to the health than hard drugs.According to this belief, decriminalization of soft drugs has much of pros.Their arguments for decriminalization may be gathered in two areas: law and health. The pros believe: From legal view of point, the soft dug problem belongs to health care area and using criminal sanction should be as the last resort. Imposing criminal sanctions to soft drug users is undue, ineffective, without interest and unnecessary. Respecting citizen privacy and religious beliefs in addition to respecting to their opinions and to refrain labeling them as addicted criminals are other arguments for decriminalization. In safety and health area according to plenty of scientific studies and reports, the pros, believe not only soft drug cause illness but also has important role in reliving pains and curing diseases like M.S, Hepatitis, AIDS, etc.

Background and Aim: The code of ethics is constantly being reviewed, due to some changes in the professional fields of psychologists and the needs of their target groups. Conducting comparative studies creates sensibilities in experts to meet the challenges of the code of ethics. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare the code of ethics of psychologists in Iran with the Netherlands and Switzerland's. Materials and Methods: The present study is comparative study. Using Science Direct, Pubmed and Google Scholar databases between 2000 and 2019, the keywords of code of ethics, psychology, Iran, Netherlands and Switzerland and their Persian equivalents were searched separately and in combination. The code of ethics of the Netherlands and Switzerland were purposefully selected based on the research gaps in this field; it was also structurally and contently examined, as a basis for comparison, by the Iranian code of ethics. Findings: Structurally, all three codes of ethics have common ground in the introduction and basic principles, but Switzerland and Netherlands ' codes of ethics differ in the code of conduct. In terms of content, Switzerland and Netherlands' codes of ethics are based on clear, definite and operational codes. In addition, they have adapted to the new conditions more than the Iranian code of ethics, especially in the codes related to advertising and resolving ethical issues and they have been able to create organizational and administrative structures. Ethical Considerations: Honesty and fidelity were considered in the reporting of the texts, citing sources and avoiding any bias. Conclusion: By making new changes in the Iranian code of ethics, especially in the field of clarifying the concepts and basic principles of ethics, as well as providing accurate ethical codes, taking into account the practical aspects and the method of their implementation, some challenges can be addressed.

Today no one can deny the role of automobiles in human life. Increasing number of automobiles, weak road structures, crowded cities, misused misuse of vehicles, and defying traffic rules have all created a large number of problems for the governments. The average 25000 death rate and 250/000 casualties are among such problems. The present study aims at investigating the training methods of traffic rules and regulations for students of the following countries: Netherland, Germany, the UK, Switzerland, Sweden, and Norway.

CASE HISTORY: Equine coital exanthema caused by Equine herpesvirus 3 (EHV3) was reported in 1900. At the present time, it has become epidemic among horses. The virus could be transmitted via insemination, iatrogenic, and it basically infects the squamous epithelium of the epidermis.CLINICAL PRESENTATION: In the first week of January 2012 two mature male horses and a mare were imported from Netherland and kept in a stable of a horse riding club located around Tehran. In the first week of December, these animals manifested clinical signs of high fever with repeated intermittently for two times. During this period, one of the male horses developed exanthematous lesions on the penis and perinea tissues which depigmented later. Biopsy specimens obtained from the lesion processed for histopathological examination were stained with Harris H a E and nuclear fast Red methods.DIAGNOSTIC TESTING: Microscopically, ballooning degeneration of squamous epithelium, acantholysis, epithelial ulcers accompanied by multiple bacterial colonies and the herpes virus intranuclear inclusion bodies with margination of nuclear chromatin were evident. Obviously the horse had EHV3 infection and the stresses resulted from high fever led to the reappearance of genital exanthematous lesions.ASSESSMENTS: In spite of the contagious nature of the infection, the native horses kept in the same stable did not manifest any clinical sings of the infection and therefore the disease could be native. Since the EHV2 infection first affects upper respiratory infection with a high fever course and then induces viremia with another high fever period so it might be speculated that the primary disease of the Netherland horses caused by the EHV2 infection.

In order to study the resistance of potato cultivars against Rhizoctonia so/ani AG-3, the-agent of crown shanker of- potato, eight potato cultivars including Agata, Agria, Eless, Sante, Diamant, Romano, Marphona--from-class-E (imported from Netherland) were planted under green house conditions. First, potato tubers were heated %2 by hypochlorite and then, along with R. solani inoculation, they were planted in green house for ten week. The results showed that Agata and Agria had the highest resistance and Marphona and Cosmos highest sensitivity against this pathogen.

During a faunistic survery on aquatic beetles in Ardebil vicinity (Iran) in 2003, many specimens were collected and identified.Haliplus heydeni Wehncke, 1875, is recorded for the first time of Iran. The speciments were identified at genus level and sent to Dr. Bernhard van Vondel (Netherland) for further confirmation and identification.The species has previously reported from the most of north europian countries including, Britain, Scandinavia, exsoviet union, eastward to Siberia and in Southern Europe from Spain, Balkanian countries, Turkey, eastward to Transcaucasia and Kazakhstan. The synonyms of H. heydeni include:Haliplus foveostriatus Thomson, 1884Haliplus Transverses Thomson, 1870Haliplus pedemontanus Fiori, 1904Haliplus multipunctatus Wehncke, 1875