Background: Although the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyping is now a standard method in the evolutionary and epidemiological studies of anthrax, but application of this technique is not possible in low-budget laboratories due to its sequence-based nature. Molecular epidemiologic studies of Bacillus anthracis play an important role in identifying and differentiating different strains during the bioterrorism-related outbreaks.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the application of restriction enzymes in Van Ert SNPs typing.Methods: This applied study was conducted in research & development laboratory of aerobic veterinary bacterial vaccines department in Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute during 2014. The corresponding genomic segments of the B. anthracis Sterne 34F2 strain were searched in order to identify appropriate restriction enzymes to digest SNPs loci. The accuracy of the results was confirmed by sequencing of the PCR products.Findings: Of 13 studied loci, 3 were found to be available for restriction enzymes due to their target SNPs. Feasibility of this technique was examined through enzymatic treatment of a 560 bp-long PCR product including the A.Br004 SNP of the standard strain by BsmI. The PCR product was digested and was divided into 224 bp and 336 bp long fragments.Conclusion: With regards to the results, it seems that the RE-SNPs typing as a simple method is appropriate for the van Ert genotyping of B. anthracis and resolves the need for expensive sequencing.

(YGdSm) 123 sample with nominal composition (Y0.33 Gd0.33 Sm0.33) Ba2Cu3OX, also YGdEu1 and YGdEu2 samples with nominal composition (Y0.33 Gd0.33 EU0.33) Ba2Cu3OX were prepared at different oxygenation conditions. All the samples were analysed by ac susceptibility, resistivity, critical current density (Jc), SEM, XRD and EDX. The critical current density measurements show that the Jc increases in (YGdSm) 123 and YGdEu1 samples comparing to (Y123) sample, so that the value of Jc in YGdEu1 is almost 2 times greater than (Y123) sample. May be the presence of Eu and Sm ions on the BaO planes act as the impurity and lead to local pinning and so increases the critical current density.

WE43 and WE54 are the new generation of Mg-RE alloys which have recently assumed considerable importance in aerospace and automotive industries because of their high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and attractive creep properties. Both alloys in the as cast condition contain a significant volume fraction of eutectic phase at triple points and along grain boundaries. The volume fraction of eutectic phase in the WE54 alloy was larger than that in WE43. The alloys in the T6 .condition consist of homogeneously distributed ß phase with an ordered DO19 structure and ß precipitates with body centered orthorhombic (BCO) structure on prism planes of the Magnesium. The alloys initially in the T6 condition when exposed to temperatures below 200°C for 1000 hours and longer, suffered a reduction in ductility. The origin of the embitterment was found to be due to the formation of G.P. zones from residual solute which is in equilibrium with ß phase.

When the density current smashes into the lower dense fluid mass a plunge region will occur. Since the plunge depth bounds between density current and ambient fluid, determining of this point is important. In this research, the hydraulic parameters of density current and bed slope of stagnant fluid were investigated. To achieve the purpose of this research a physical model was built in the hydraulic laboratory of Shahid Chamran University (SCU) and various experiments were performed. In the experiments, the plunge depth at the different discharge of density current and density difference 6, 9, 13 and 16 kg/m3 at three slopes 8, 12 and 16% was measured. Then using Flow-3D under RNG turbulence model, plunge depth was simulated for the same experimental condition. The comparison of results obtained showed that the predicted plunge depth with Flow-3D under RNG turbulence model had a high and satisfactory accuracy. Finding showed that for the 8% bed slope, the results of RNG turbulence model 14% was more than experimental data. While, for the entire slope, the results of RNG turbulence model was predicted 10.5% in average more than measured data. Generally, the statistical investigations showed that the RNG turbulence model with satisfactory precision estimated the plunge point depth.

The purpose of the catalytic reforming process is the production of high octane number gasoline which is a strategic and economic in the trade market. In this research, the regeneration of commercial Pt-Re/Al2O3 catalyst used for catalytic reforming of heavy naphtha is studied in the laboratory scale. This catalyst is unloaded from a fixed-bed reactor located in an Iranian refinery, and is at the end of its cycle life (about 2 years). After loading the catalyst in the laboratory scale, for performing the regeneration process, the coke on the surface of the catalyst is burned with the dry air. Then, chlorination process is carried out for the redispersion of chlorine agent on the catalyst surface. Finally, the catalyst is reduced and sulfided using hydrogen and H2S streams, respectively. During the regeneration, the flow rate, temperature and pressure of process are meticulously controlled, and also the optimized values are chosen to have the best regeneration. The results show that the regenerated catalyst, according to the recommended method in this research, has the capability of producing gasoline with the octane number higher than 100 which is approximately similar to the gasoline produced by the fresh commercial catalyst.

In addition to variety of translations in various fields taking place along the accelerating communication era, we are experiencing repeated translations from a single literary work. What are the reasons for translating a written impression that already is translated?This essay is aiming to produce a definition for translation, in order to study the existing differences between first translation and re-translation of the same work. In this research, the impact of elapsed time on the written translated maters is studied to find out why some translated impressions remain always brilliant, but few others lose their fame, as time passes by.

Introduction and Aim: The most effective method to prevent HPAI in domestic and wild birds besides sanitary measures is vaccination. In this regard, vaccination and its subsequent monitoring were done in different species of domestic and wild birds of Isfahan’s Birds Garden including various water birds, shore birds and land birds.Methods: These birds were vaccinated by an inactivated highly pathogenic H5 vaccine containing Re-6 & Re-8 subtypes manufactured by Chinese Harbin Company as instructed by the manufacturing company and National Veterinary Organization of Iran. The most important challenge was restraining the birds, controlling stress, vaccine injection as well as blood collection from the studied birds. In the present study, 63 birds belonging to different breeds were selected based on their population density from which blood samples were collected before vaccination. To evaluate vaccination, collection of blood samples from vaccinated birds was repeated 3 weeks after the injection of the booster dose, and sero-conversion was assessed by HI test. Results: According to the results, the average titer for Re-8 subtype increased from 2.7 to 4.4 and for Re-6 subtype from 2.2 to 3.9. So, in both subtypes the titer increased by 1.7. The coefficient of variation of titers changed from 70.6% to 39.6% in Re-8 and from 82.1% to 45.2% in Re-6 improving by 68% in total in both subtypes. Among the studied birds, the best immune responses were those of the hens and cocks, and then those for the pheasants, guinea fowls, little partridges, peacocks, turkeys, water birds, ostriches, and finally the predatory birds, respectively. Conclusion: Therefore, using the mentioned vaccine increased the immunity of the birds against highly pathogenic influenza H5NX.

The present study examines the mechanical properties of auxetic stents with Re-entrant structure. Geometries were parametrically modeled, and the design of experiments (DOE) was developed by defining the elastic properties of the stents and using the response surface method (RSM). Finite element (FE) analysis was performed in order to find a polynomial relationship between the geometric parameters as inputs and the elastic parameters as the outputs. Then, the optimal stent was obtained in terms of elasticity parameters by using RSM method. As a result, the optimal parameters of the Re-entrant stent including flexural stiffness, axial elasticity modulus, radial elasticity modulus and Poisson’s ratio were obtained as 40 mPa.m4, 253 MPa, 752 MPa and -0.58, respectively. Moreover, a method was proposed to find an analytical solution for metal elastic stents in order to verify the FEM results. Finally, the blood vessel compliance of the optimal stent was evaluated, showing a good compliance for practical usage.

The monotypic genus Thaumatorymus Ferriè re and Novicky, 1954 (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) is endemic of the West Palaearctic subregion. Thaumatorymus notanisoides, a species rarely sampled, is recorded for the first time from Iran, expanding its known distribution range in the subregion. A brief diagnosis, illustrations and geographical distribution are provided.