Electroretinography (ERG) is commonly used to assess the physiological status of the retina. It has been extensively studied in inherited retinal and choroidal diseases, and is a main paraclinical examination in the diagnosis and follow‑ up of patients affected by retinal and choroidal dystrophies. [1‑ 3] Other possible clinical applications of ERG include, but are not limited to, assessing the toxicity of ocular drugs [4] and evaluating the potential for vision in blind eyes...

Purpose: To evaluate the underlying causes of Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in eyes operated for this reason.Methods: Out of 1473 patients who underwent retinal detachment surgery, records of 369 patients were randomly selected and evaluated for the types of retinal breaks, the underlying disorders, and location of breaks.Results: Fifty-two percents of patients were less than 50 years old and 63.4% of them were male. Twenty-two percents of the eyes were aphakic or pseudophakic and 18% were myopic. Trauma was the cause of detachment in 10% of the eyes. More than one break was found in 70% of the eyes, 80% of which were less than 90 degree apart. Thirty percents of the eyes had only one break, 40% I of which were in superotemporal and 30% in inferotemporal quadrant. Macular hole was found in 3.5%, dialysis in 6%, peripheral hole in 3.5%, and retinal tear in 81% of the eyes. In addition, PVR grade C or more was seen in 7.6% of the eyes. Conclusion: The causes, underlying disorders, and location of breaks is comparable with studies from other parts of the world. Evaluation of these parameters in other Iranian ophthalmic centers is suggested.

Purpose: To evaluate the results of trans-scleral diode laser retinopexy for induction of chorioretinal reaction in scleral buckling surgery.Methods: This before-after clinical trial was performed on 69 eyes of 66 patients with Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment eligible for scleral buckling.Results: The retina was reattached with scleral buckling in 64 eyes (92.8%). In 4 eyes, the scleral buckling was performed twice (modified). In 5 eyes, significant PVR developed post-operatively (7.2%), two of which had pre-operative PVR grade B. In two eyes, retinal photocoagulation was performed through silicon implants and sclera. Best corrected visual acuity (Log MAR) was 1.22±1.5 preoperatively and 0.74±1.75 postoperatively (P<0.02). In 95% of the eyes with reattached retina (61 eyes), visual acuity improved or remained stable. In 12 eyes, rupture of Bruch's membrane associated with retinal break formation happended which did not affect retinal reattachment. No other complications were seen which could be ascribed to diode retinopexy.Conclusion: Trans-sclera diode laser photocoagulation for induction of chorioretinal reaction in scleral buckling is a safe and effective procedure. The ability to perform retinopexy through episcleral silicon implants is a definite advantage of this method over cryopexy.