Background: Testis torsion is an emergency medical situation, requiring decisive action for diagnosis and treatment. 40% cases of scrotal pain are due to this problem. The most important differential diagnosis includes testis appendix torsion, idiopathic scrotal swelling, epididymoorchitis, and epididymal torsion. Materials and methods: This retrospective-descriptive study has performed on 63 children referring to Mofid hospital during 1994-1999. Epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations and the age of the candidates were all collected. Results: Diagnosis was made mainly by clinical manifestations. Testis torsion (33.3%) and its appendix torsion (27%) were the most common forms. Meanwhile, most of the candidates had less than one year old (22.2%). The most common presenting sign was pain and swelling (27%), whereas pain itself and swelling itself were reported in 23.8% and 25.4% of the cases, respectively. Among those who undertook operation (73%), 11.1 % had orchidectomy and 20.6% had appendectomy. All of these patients presented with pain, swelling, and redness whereas 80% came over 12 hours post the occurrence of the presenting signs. Conclusion: The study revealed that prompt diagnosis and treatment of the patients with scrotal pain or swelling could prevent from orchidectomy or appendectomy.