Objective: The present study examines the identification and framing of strategies to improve the competitive advantage of the National Skating Sports. Methodology: Qualitative research was conducted based on thematic analysis procedures (Braun & Clarke, 2006). The statistical population of the research was formed by all Skating experts who had an experience of more than 10 years, the sampling method was purposeful. Validation of the findings was investigated based on the four criteria of Lincoln & Guba (1985). Results: The findings indicate the extraction of 5 main themes and 13 sub-themes, including "strategies for the organizational development of the Skating Federation", which consists of (technical development of the Skating sport at the country level, management skills; improving the competitive advantage of the Federation's human capital); "Expansion of networking and international relations" which consists of (development of domestic relations and development of international relations); "Marketing strategies" which consist of (customer-oriented; public advertising; awareness and information; attraction of financial sponsors); "Infrastructural strategies" which consisted of (development of facilities and infrastructures; educational places and spaces) and strategies of popularizing Skating which consisted of (institutionalization of Skating sport and development of Skating among the public and families). Conclusion: These results provide actionable insights help organizations to formulate targeted their strategies to develop and expand, create and strengthen networks, and improve operational performance and support.

Background: Roller shoes (Heelys), which have one or more removable wheels embedded in each sole, allow the wearer to walk, run, or roll by shifting their weight to their heels. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze pediatric roller shoe injuries in Korea. Methods: Injury cases associated with roller shoes were collected from the consumer injury surveillance system of the Korea customer agency and analyzed. Results: Questionnaire survey was conducted among 300 elementary school pupils. One hundred pediatric roller shoe wearers (RSWs) were assessed regarding whether they wore protective equipment. Among the 29 injury cases, 24 were safety accidents, and most of them were caused by falls while rolling. Hand and wrist injuries were the most common (25. 0%), followed by injuries to the face, arm, and leg. Contusion was the most common type of injury (39. 1%), followed by laceration and fractures. Among the 300 children surveyed, 23. 0% had roller shoes. The minority of children (27. 5%) reported using roller shoes alone. Most of the RSWs answered that they had the experience of rolling in multiuse facilities. The most frequently visited multiuse facilities were department stores (72. 5%), followed by shopping malls, and food courts or cafes. Over half of RSWs answered that they had experienced rolling in danger zones for safety accident, and 47. 8% reported experiencing accidents. About two-thirds of RSWs answered that they did not remove the wheel while walking. Most of RSWs (82. 6%) indicated that they didn’ t wear protective equipment. Among the 100 children wearing roller shoes, 99 did not wear any kind of protective device; only one child wore a helmet, elbow protector, and knee protector. Conclusions: RSWs are recommended to wear protective equipment and to be accompanied by parents. Inside commercial facilities, signs prohibiting the wearing of roller shoes should be affixed.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate predictor variables of race time in female ultra-endurance incliners in the longest inline race in Europe.Methods: We investigated the association between anthropometric and training characteristics and race time for 16 female ultraendurance inline skaters, at the longest inline marathon in Europe, the ‘Inline One-eleven’ over 111 km in Switzerland, using bi- and multivariate analysis.Results: The mean (SD) race time was 289.7 (54.6) min. The bivariate analysis showed that body height (r=0.61), length of leg (r=0.61), number of weekly inline Skating training sessions (r=-0.51) and duration of each training unit (r=0.61) were significantly correlated with race time. Stepwise multiple regressions revealed that body height, duration of each training unit, and age were the best variables to predict race time.Conclusion: Race time in ultra-endurance inline races such as the ‘Inline One-eleven’ over 111 km might be predicted by the following equation (r2 = 0.65): Race time (min) = -691.62 + 521.71 (body height, m) + 0.58 (duration of each training unit, min) + 1.78 (age, yrs) for female ultra-endurance inline skaters.

Background: Exercise is a stimulus for the emergence of HSP and liver enzymes in the blood The purpose of the present study was to investigate the probable changes of HSP70, liver enzymes & Cpk in professional athletes after a training season and participating in Skating open world championship.Materials and Methods: 10 elite female skaters were chosen. Eccentric exercise test were performed in three sections (24 hours before the beginning of the training, after six months of training (before participating in Skating World Championship) and 24 hours after the end of world championship). The training program consisted of 26 weeks of training, performed 5 times a week encompassing specialized skate trainings. Blood samples were taken before and after each eccentric exercise test.Results: there was no significant change, in HSP70 concentration in response to eccentric exercise test, in pre exercise period (p=0.8). But, it illustrated a significant increase in after eccentric exercise test, in post exercise period (p=0.03). Moreover, in measuring down, it showed a significant increased in the amount of liver enzymes and Cpk after eccentric exercise test in second and third step compared to first step (p<0.05).Conclusion: the results of the study illustrated that improving an athlete's physical fitness level during training season and matches leads to a significant increase in the protective level of the body (via the production of HSP70), depending also on the ability of the body of the individual in producing that protein. It can also be stated probably individual body fitness level, is an important factor in determining ALT, AST, ALP levels after performing eccentric exercise.

Sportsperson ship is one of the new terms which gets a lot of attention in sports ethics research nowadays. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the sportsperson ship among individual and team sports elite male athletes. For this purpose, 84 elite athletes from individual sports including Wrestling, Tekwaendo, Karate, Weight Lifting, Track and field, Cycling, Boxing, Table Tennis, Swimming, Badminton, Gymnastic, Wusho, Bodybuilding and Skating and 78 elite male athletes from team sports including Basketball, Volleyball, Handball and Football completed the MSOS inventory. A pilot study among 45 athletes of Azad University was held which 34 inventory was approved and the coefficient alpha obtained was 0.77. Since after the examining, the distribution was not normal the data was analyzed through non-parametric Mann-Whitney U statistical method. The results stated that athletes involved in individual sports showed higher levels of sportsperson ship comparing to those who involved in team sports. Moreover, there found to be no significant diffrence between athletes with sport science academic education and those with other majors of academic education.

Background and objectives: In land-use planning, after the ecological and socio-economic capabilities of the land are evaluated for the level of the planning units, the prioritization of incompatible land uses and activities in terms of macro socio-economic and Political criteria at the unit level of the study area is also necessary. The purpose of this study was to investigate the application of Analytic Network Process (ANP) for prioritizing of incompatible land uses in terms of macro non-ecological criteria (economic, social and politics) and for multiple-use planning of Zagros forests. Materials and methods: This research was conducted on an area of Zagros forests on the northern slope of the mountain Kabirkouh in Badreh town of Ilam province. Initially, the list of forest multiple land uses and activities was prepared in accordance with the conditions of Zagros forests and based on Delphi technique. According to this, 11 incompatible land use or activities, including forest and range, wooded rangeland, rangeland, dry orchard, agroforestry, dry agriculture, restoration of plant ecosystem, picnics and campaigns, snow Skating, rock climbing and environmental conservation, were identified and prioritized. In this regard, macro socio-economic and macro political factors of the country's natural resources were selected based on the sources of the document of the Perspective of the Islamic Republic of Iran at 1404, current rules of natural resources and general environmental policies of the country and using the Delphi technique. Based on the clustering model of the network analysis process, the priority of non-ecological factors was evaluated in terms of three criteria: economic, social and policy. In this model, the economic criterion is divided into two sub-criteria of employment and special benefit; the social criterion into four sub-criteria of local disputes, literacy rate, natural resource culture and current land uses; and the political criterion into three sub-criteria of conservation and restoration of plans, water and soil conservation and increased levels of underground aquifers; and reliance on domestic resources in the development of the country. Weighting the criteria and sub-criteria were also done by pairwise comparison based on nine numeric method. Results: Results showed that the highest priority was allocated to three tourism activities, including picnics and campaigns, snow Skating and rock climbing respectively, and the lowest priority was allocated to rangeland and wooded rangeland respectively. The land uses including plant restoration, dry orchard, forest and range, environmental conservation, dry agriculture and agroforestry, were ranked from fourth to ninth priorities, respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that, by proper use of the ANP approach which has an important ability in the network analysis of socio-economic and policy factors with numerous crossed-correlation; it can be prioritize incompatible multiple uses of forest correctly.

The purpose of this research was to analyze the quantitative and qualitative presence of Iran’s sports caravan at the Asian Games Hangzhou 2022. This study is descriptive-analytical and retrospective in nature. No specific tools were used in this research, and data were collected from research articles and reputable websites in a library-based manner. In this study, the performance of athletes and teams dispatched in various sports, including volleyball, basketball, fencing, wrestling, wushu, kurash, chess, gymnastics, mountaineering, Skating, karate, weightlifting, track and field, shooting, kabaddi, boxing, taekwondo, rowing, table tennis, archery, cycling, swimming, diving, water polo, tennis, football, equestrian, badminton, jujitsu, judo, and handball at the Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 was evaluated and analyzed. Iran’s caravan’s performance at the Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 ranked fifth in terms of quantity (number of medals won) and also ranked fifth qualitatively. Finally, each sport present at the Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 was evaluated, and suggestions such as the presence of a fitness coach and psychologist, improving the procedures for holding training camps, focusing on youth and creating a competitive environment, special attention to women, providing equipment for capable provinces, etc., were presented for participation in the next games.