A novel Smart Vaccination method is proposed in this paper to distribute a limited number of vaccines among the people of a large community, such as a country, consisting of smaller communities like cities or provinces. The proposed method is comprised of two phases; A vaccine allocation phase and a targeted Vaccination phase. In the first phase, the available vaccines are allocated to the communities based on demographics and the effectiveness of each type of vaccine. In the second phase, each community is modelled as a contact graph, and the vaccines available to the community are administered to the individuals whose Vaccination has the greatest impact on breaking the chain of transmission. As a result of utilizing the Node2Vec graph embedding algorithm, the complexity of the proposed method increases linearly with the number of people in the community, as opposed to common centrality based methods, the complexities of which increase with the square or cube of the number of individuals. Furthermore, the proposed method can distribute multiple types of vaccines with different probabilities of effectiveness. The performance of the proposed method is comparable to the common centrality based Vaccination methods, while its complexity is lower. The results of the simulation show a 20% decrease in the peak number of infected individuals.

Background & objectives: File fracture is one of the main concerns in root canal therapy, which can affect endodontic treatment outcomes. The present study aimed to assess the fracture rate of the Smart Tract X3 as a new file system, in comparison with the commonly used rotary file system, during the preparation of simulated severely curved root canals. Methods: A total of  180 resin blocks with simulated severely curved canals were randomly assigned to three equal groups (n=60) including Smart Tract X3, ProTaper Universal and Neoniti. Each set of files was used for cleaning and shaping of five canals, in total, 12 sets of files were used to prepare 60 channels in each group. All files were prepared according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The number (%) of fractures, location, length and distance of fractured segments from the apex of the block were recorded. Results: Overall 60 files of Smart tractX3 and ProTaper universal (5 files in a set) and 36 files of the Neoniti (3 files in a set) were used. The fracture rate did not show a statistically significant difference in between-groups comparison. All fractures occurred at the apical third of the canal with the mean length of fractured segments and the distance of fractured segments from the apex of the block 2. 228±0. 216 mm and 0. 845±0. 186 mm, respectively. Conclusion: There was no significant statistical difference among Smart Tract X3, ProTaper Universal, and Neoniti files regarding the incidence of fracture during the preparation of five severely curved canals.

In this paper, a new method for extending and relaxing the noise-coupling (NC) technique is proposed to enhance the noise-shaping order without adding the number of integrators. The noise-shaping order of the introduced ∑∆ modulator whit applying a second-order noise-coupling technique is enhanced and its performance with optimizing the noise transfer function (NTF) zeros is improved. Also, by removing the analog adder at feedforward path and transferring it to a new feedback branch before the last integrator and adding second-order NC path can be decreased the input voltage swing to the quantizer. Thus, by improving the modulator resolution, power consumption can be reduced. Mathematical analyses and behavioural simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the new NC method. To examine its performance, a 2nd-order single loop ΣΔ modulator was designed. The new noise-coupling method is used to achieve the three-order noise shaping to increase the resolution with low complexity and low-power. The results show an outstanding improvement in signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) compared to the conventional structure.

A B S T R A C TToday, all officials involved with the challenges of city sustainability have accepted the idea of a Smarter city, using more technologies, creating better living conditions and protecting the environment for a better quality of life. The central part of the metropolis of Tabriz is based on Region 8 and part of Region 10, a historical-cultural area with an area of 286 hectares and a population of about 40 thousand people in 8 neighbourhoods. This research was compiled to evaluate and explain the regeneration of the central part of Tabriz city with the approach of Smart growth and in line with the sustainable development of problematic neighbourhoods in the 8th district of Tabriz metropolis. The present review is methodologically practical, to describe and analyze the goals of regeneration based on library studies. The statistical population of the research includes experts and people living in the central context. In the first part, the Delphi method was used by asking experts. In the second part, the structural equation method of SPSS and AMOS software is used. According to the results of using the scales of design, pedestrian-oriented, intergenerational justice in the actual situation and 3 indicators of management and productivity, stable and value-creating jobs are in the potential situation. Also, two environmental indicators with the most direct and indirect effects and a cultural index have been decisive in the regeneration with the Smart growth approach in the central part of Tabriz city. Therefore, in the regeneration of the central part, the studied indicators should be used simultaneously and integrated into the reconstruction projects of the central fabric of the city to lead to Smart sustainabilityExtended AbstractIntroductionSmart growth is considered a lever for revitalizing neighborhoods and urban centers. In a general scenario of Smart growth, knowing the time and resources of investment provides a new and sustainable life in the city center and worn-out and old textures. Moreover, finally, it will improve the quality of urban neighborhoods, especially worn-out ones, and revive them. Tabriz metropolis, one of the most important and largest cities in the country, with a long history of settlement, especially the central and old texture, due to developments in information and communication technology, extensive environmental, social, and economic changes in terms of time requirements, the traditional texture of roads, Deterioration of residential units, lack of equipment, infrastructure and urban services and environmental problems have caused the failure and physically turned into inefficient and problematic textures. Urban planning and development science must adopt a new decision and approach to face the existing and complex issues of worn-out texture. The main problem of the research is to evaluate and explain the regeneration of the central texture and strengthen them in line with the sustainable development of the problematic neighborhoods of Tabriz metropolis according to the solutions and principles of Smart urban growth. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to answer the following question:- What are the effective indicators and components in the regeneration of the central texture of Tabriz metropolis with a Smart growth approach? MethodologyThis research is applied and fundamental in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical. The collection methods are based on documentary and library studies, surveys, and interviews. In the first part, qualitative data was prepared with an open questionnaire and through interviews, as well as the review of documents and quantitative data used in this research numerically and through the weighting of Delphi questionnaires based on the consensus index model to determine importance, certainty, and priority. The panel members were 19 people (including 5 university faculty members, 7 field research experts, 4 executive experts, and 3 graduate students) selected based on the non-probability (targeted) method. In the second part, Cronbach's alpha method was exerted to measure the reliability of the questions, which was obtained as 0.89. In order to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, the Lawshe method was exploited. The statistical population of the second part includes District 8 of Tabriz, which is the central texture of the city and is equal to 34,231 people. According to Cochran's formula, the sample size was equal to 379 people. Results and discussionIn the next step, path analysis was performed using AMOS 23 software to compare the integrated model with the hypotheses. The results of the path analysis, while verifying the structures, show that the value of the index of the critical ratio to the degree of freedom (CMIN/DF) is equal to 4.01, which is an optimal value for the model fit. Also, the goodness of fit index (GFI) is 0.952, which indicates the acceptability of this amount for the optimal fit of the model. The value of the root means the square error of estimation (RMSEA) is 0.065, which is acceptable because it is smaller than 0.08 and indicates the confirmation of the research model. Also, the Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) is 0.917, the comparative fit index (CFI) is 0.92, and the normalized parsimonious fit index (PNFI) is 0.882, which all indicate that the fit and verification of the research model are desirable.Therefore, none of the objects are removed and remain in the model. Therefore, it is confirmed that the factor structure of regeneration indicators with the Smart growth approach has reliability and construct validity. Also, the second-order factor analysis shows that the factor loadings of all regeneration indicators with the Smart growth approach are greater than 0.4 and are significant at the 95% probability level. According to the results, the environmental dimension with a factor loading of 0.94 has the most significant effect on urban regeneration with the Smart growth approach in the central texture of Tabriz city. After that, quality of life with a factor loading of 0.92, social dimension with a factor loading of 0.88, economic dimension with a factor loading of 0.83, physical dimension with a factor loading of 0.81, transportation dimension with a factor loading of 0.74 and cultural dimension in order with a factor loading of 0.72, are in the following ranks.According to the final structural model results, the environmental index has the highest value, with a direct effect of 0.594 and an indirect effect of 0.275. Moreover, after that, respectively, the quality of life index with a direct effect of 0.513 and an indirect effect of 0.236, a social index with a direct effect of 0.476 and an indirect effect of 0.217, an economic index with a direct effect of 0.451 and an indirect effect of 0.222, Physical with the direct effect of 0.435 and indirect effect of 0.205, mobility index with the direct effect of 0.373 and indirect effect of 0.182 and cultural index with the effect of direct values of 0.295 and indirect effect of 0.153 are influential in regeneration with Smart growth approach in the central part of Tabriz city. ConclusionIn this research, seven main indicators related to the subject were investigated. The results showed that the environmental index with the most significant direct and indirect effect is the focus of the evaluation. After that, dimensions and indicators of quality of life, social index, economic index, physical index, mobility index, and cultural index have been influential. According to the results, the urban environment index was analyzed as the most important factor at a high level, and this means that for urban regeneration with a Smart growth approach, improving the environmental and physical conditions in the worn-out and central texture of Tabriz city in the current situation is a priority. It is first. This is the most well-known part of regeneration with a Smart growth approach. The analysis results show that this is not the case only in the case of transportation infrastructure. However, more comprehensive urban infrastructure such as the urban landscape, open spaces, green and parks, etc. are also crucial in improving the physical conditions of the infrastructure. Also, this study's results show that the economic sector's importance is as important as improving the physical conditions of the infrastructure. In addition, in the worn-out texture of District 8 of Tabriz city, the sociocultural sector is essential, and the revival of historical and cultural resources is considered one of the urban regeneration options. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.  Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to all the scientific.

The current research tries to investigate the Qur'an perspective on the goal setting, formulate the Qur’anic goal setting model and compare it with the Smart goal setting model using a qualitative and analytical method. The goals in the Smart model are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and scheduled. In the study of the Qur'an, the verses related to goal setting were extracted and the Qur'anic model of "goal setting" were formulated. In this model, the general goal (nearness to God), continuous goals (piety and religiosity) and partial goals (necessity, value, purity and balance) were formulated. The findings showed that the Qur’anic goal setting model has similarities and differences with the Smart model. The results show that some of the features and principles of Smart goal setting in general and some of the details overlap with the Qur'an goal setting model. But the most important principle in goal setting in the Qur'an is to reach the nearness and pleasure of God; But in the Smart model, a person targets only his important and favorite goals.

Although the city's dilapidated and historic fabric has been the beating heart of the urban system in historical periods, but with the isolation of these textures, the city is also affected by these contexts and has suffered harmful effects. Therefore, necessary to determine the effects and consequences of these textures, and take necessary measures to balance with other urban contexts. This research has been done with the aim of recreating the worn-out tissues of zanjan city and tries to extract operators by identifying the consequences and potential hazards of decay textures to be able to regenerate decay textures, for this reason, the fema technique has been used to identify the effects of decay textures, characterize the rpn value and determine the operators. Also to confirm the ability of operators to regenerate decay textures of structural equation modeling has been used in the pls method. Research results have shown that urban decay textures can have detrimental effects with irreparable severity and high probability of occurrence that the possibility of detecting and controlling it is beyond the control of city officials. The greatest effect of worn tissues was related to increased pollution, increased abnormalities and decreased belonging which may have detrimental effects on the whole city and be inevitable. The results of the fema method showed a rpn above 300 for all decay textures effects and are distinguished from the obvious type and structural equation modeling has been used to validate the results of the fema technique. In this regard, six operators have been proposed to regenerate decay textures, that the paying attention to the stakeholders in organizing the tissues, benefiting from Smart urban growth and urban management with the participation of citizens had the highest impact factor.

The Smart city, as the future of urban infrastructure, has a wide range of benefits, including better utilization of scarce resources and more welfare for citizens, and is a necessity for sustainable development. An increasing number of Smart city projects have been implemented and many others are under development worldwide. There are many economic, environmental, and social challenges to develop a Smart city. One of these challenges is the Smartness assessment. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are important for measuring and comparing the grade of Smart city maturity. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has established the United for Smart Sustainable Cities (U4SSC) to standardize and release a KPI set for measuring Smart city development from various aspects. In this paper, we expand the standardized KPIs and map it to contextualized KPIs, which concerns the challenges and priorities for the specific case under study. By combining the standardized and contextual KPIs, a comprehensive assessment model is created and used for Smart city development. As a case study, we also briefly report the assessment of Mashhad city Smartness using the proposed method and the ITU’s U4SSC verification process. We defined the Smart tourism and Smart Water Management as the contextualized KPIs for Mashhad and evaluated component of Smart tourism and Smart Water Management ecosystem.

The concept of Smart city implies the structure, system, and identity of the populations that make telecommunications technology come to life. In these biological complexes, actual and actual communication and activities become predominantly virtual. As a result, forms and spaces also find new geometric, conceptual, and conceptual formats. Urban planners and designers are seeking to solve urban problems and phenomena by designing Smart residential neighborhoods, networking Smart roads and public places. One of the pillars of the problem reduction in Smart cities is to solve the problems of urban public transport. One of the most important issues in developed and Smart cities is the relationship between Smart city and how to utilize modern systems along this route, which reduces the problems of urban transport and the problems facing it. Therefore, it is necessary to know the context and the necessities and advantages of these systems. In this regard, after introducing the main goals of Smart city, we analyze the advanced systems in the transportation system. Transportation in Smart cities is one of the most important things that can lead to modeling the structure of Smart cities. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to present suitable transportation system solutions in Smart city after reviewing urban transportation systems. Documentary and library studies including the study of books and related articles have been used to collect information in this study. Due to the nature of the subject, descriptive-explanatory research method has been used and finally a necessary conclusion and conclusion have been presented.