Considering the importance of implementing monetary policy in any economy, its impact on the main economic variables, including production, is very crucial. This paper examines and analyzes the effects of positive and negative monetary shocks on production in Iran using the MS-DSGE model during the period of 1979-2004. The results of this study indicate that positive and negative monetary policies in the recession periods, as well as boom periods, have asymmetric effects on the growth of domestic production. The effect of positive and negative monetary shocks on production is higher during the recession than during the boom. Generally, the monetary shocks are more effective during the boom than the recession. Accordingly, it is suggested that to achieve the economic goals policymakers should implement their policies during the economic recessions.

Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) has been implemented for better energy efficiency to Hybrid/Electric Vehicles (HEV/EV), in that the main source is Battery and Ultra Capacitor (UC) is the auxiliary source. The battery is connected to DC Bus through Boost Converter and Ultra Capacitor has been connected through Buck-Boost Converter. Battery and Ultra Capacitor voltages levels are maintained less than the DC bus voltage. The main aim of this paper is to design an intelligent controller for a smooth transition between the sources in the Hybrid Energy Storage System. Math function Based (MFB) Controller has been modelled and implemented to an electric motor for Electric/Hybrid Electric Vehicle Application. The MFB controller has to work based on the Speed of the motor and this controller makes the closed loop operation of the overall system with smooth operation between the energy sources. Proportional Integral (PI) controller was used here to maintain the constant voltage profile for various loads at the terminals of the electric motor. Combination of PI and MFB controllers has given closed loop operation of the entire model with smooth Switching between the sources. The total circuit has been simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and obtained the satisfactory results, which are discussed in the results section.

This paper introduces a novel concept of Boolean function{based hypergraph with respect to any given T. B. T(total binary truth table). This study de, nes a notation of kernel set on Switching functions and proves that every T. B. T corresponds to a Minimum Boolean expression via kernel set and presents some conditions on T. B. T to obtain a Minimum irreducible Boolean expression from Switching functions. Finally, we present an algorithm and so Python programming(with complete and original codes) such that for any given T. B. T, introduces a Minimum irreducible Switching expression.

This paper introduces Markov-Switching (MS) GARCH processes for capturing the skewness in the distribution of financial time series. The model class is motivated by the fact that empirical return distributions characterized by significant asymmetries, but the generic assumption of return distributions is Normal. The out of sample performance of symmetric and asymmetric MS GARCH models is compared in an application to Tehran exchange price index (Tepix). Finally, to put the Regime-Switching models into perspective, we add to the list of competitors a popular model which may serve as a benchmark, i.e., the single–regime GARCH (1, 1). It turns out that asymmetric MS GARCH processes perform best overall.

A characteristic of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is to allow individual decision making units (DMUs) to select the factor weights which are the most advantageous for them in calculating their efficiency scores. This flexibility in selecting the weights, on the other hand, deters the comparison among DMUs on a common base. For dealing with this difficulty and assessing all the DMUs on the same scale, this paper proposes using a multiple objective linear programming (MOLP) approach based on scalarizing function for generating common set of weights under the DEA framework. This is an advantageous of the proposed approach against general approaches in the literature which are based on multiple objective nonlinear programming.