Introduction: Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrin disorders. in many country autoimmune hypothyroidism is the most cause of overt hypothyroidism. Base of above point and common prevalence of hypothyroidism in our population we decide to evaluate the relationship between selenium (micronutrient with immune effect) and anti thyroid proxidase antibody and if there is relation ship we recommende selenium therapy in auto immune hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: A double blind and placebo-controlled prospective study was performed in50 auto immune hypothyroid patients. all patients that referred to endocrinology clinic of Ghaem hospital and obtain entry condition and informed consent were randomly assigned to intervention and control group with table of random number. Physical examination and review of system were done and Serum concentrations of anti TPO Ab, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (free t4) were measured at baseline and after 3 months of follow-up. . intervention group take 200 Mcg selenium capsule and 50-100 Mcg Levothyroxin(base on patient BMI) per day. control group take placebo(wheat bran) and 50-100 Mcg Levothyroxin(base on patient BMI)per day. Serum concentrations of anti TPO Ab, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (free t4) were measured at baseline and after 3 months of follow-up. Results: 50 patients include 11 males and 39 females with mean ages (36/42), TSH: 22. 21 mu/l, anti TPO Ab: 424. 78 IU/ml, free T4: 0. 829 ng/dl. there in no significant differences in TSH(p=0/165 ), anti TPO Ab(p=0/727), free T4(p=0/785) after intervention between 2 groups. Conclusion: Selenium had some effect on thyroid function testes such as TSH and anti TPO Ab suppresion with T4 elevation but there is no significant differences in 2 groups.

Background: TPO gene variations are one of the causes of thyroid autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the T1936C, T2229C and A2257C SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) of the TPO gene and Anti-TPO level.Methods: In this case-control study, 188 individuals (86 males and 102 females), aged 20-80 years, were randomly selected from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study population (TLGS). A2257C and T2229C SNPs were detected with RFLP by use of BsrI and Eco57I as restrictive enzymes respectively, while the T1936C SNP was determined with ARMS-PCR.Results: In the presence of the C allele of T1936C, Anti-TPO level was significantly increased (CC: 238±43.3, CT: 47.7±15.9, TT: 74.1±11.3 IU/L; p 0.002); however, it disappeared after adjustment for sex and age (p 0.059). No significant difference, before and after adjustment, was found in Anti-TPO level in the presence of T2229C SNP (CC: 129.1±24.5, CT: 43.5±12.6, TT: 126.5±13.8 IU/L; p 0.196). The association of A2257C with Anti-TPO level was only significant after adjustment for sex and age (p 0.007), and between the ATC, CTT haplotypes and Anti-TPO level, the association was significant (p 0.023, 0.021); however, the association it was dominant between CTT and anti-TPO concentration was significant only after adjustment for sex (p 0.014).Conclusion: The result of this study, showed age and sex as potential confounders which could modify the association between TPO polymorphisms and Anti-TPO level in a Tehranian population.

Background: Anti-TPO antibodies are one of the characteristic factors in autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). Previous studies reported a high prevalence of anti-TPO antibodies (Abs) in Iran. We have therefore assessed the prevalence of anti-TPO Abs in Gorgan, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted from 2015 to 2018 in Gorgan city, Northeast of Iran. The Participants included women with Poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOs), celiac patients, men with hepatitis C infection, and age and sex-matched controls. ELISA method was used for the analysis of laboratory tests. Results: The number of enrolled subjects in PCOs, celiac disease, and Hepatitis C infection groups were 76, 67, and 60, respectively. Anti-TPO Abs positivity was significantly higher in patients with PCOS than in the control group (18. 4% vs. 0. 00%,p = 0. 000). There were no significant differences in the frequency of anti-TPO Abs positive cases between CD patients and the controls (26. 9% vs. 21. 1% p =0. 413). The incidence of anti-TPO Abs positivity was significantly higher in the control group (10% vs. 25%,P = 0. 031). Conclusion: Very high level of anti-TPO Abs was observed in both patients and healthy population in Golestan province. Considering this rate and its association with autoimmune disorders, it is suggested to prioritize screening programs for related disease in this area.

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as two or more consecutive pregnancy losses before twenty weeks of gestation. It is caused by a variety of genetics and non-genetics factors. Thyroid autoimmunity could associate with pregnancy loss.Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of Levothyroxine in treatment of RPL in women with high auto-thyroid antibodies.Materials and Methods: In this observational cross sectional study, 900 women who had a history of recurrent pregnancy loss were studied. All women with high anti-TPO antibody without any other problems entered in this study. Levothyroxine was given to them two months before pregnancy till the end of pregnancy. The doses of levothyroxine were depended on the anti-TPO levels, which were decided by endocrinologist. Women followed for the results of pregnancies.Results: The success rate of pregnancy in women with abnormal anti-TPO with Levothyroxine therapy was 82.85%. Mean of anti-TPO in women with treatment before taking medication was 488.35 and after that it was 123.35 UI/ml. This difference was significant (p<0.05). The mean of the antibodies was not significantly different in women without treatment.Conclusion: This study showed that Levothyroxine reduces the incidence of spontaneous abortions in women with high Anti-TPO antibody. It decreased anti-TPO antibody levels after 2-3 months treatment.

Background: Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's Thyroiditis) is the common cause of primary hypothyroidism in iodine sufficient countries. Iran is named an iodine sufficient country, in this century. Methods: A total of 88 hypothyroid patients, on suppressing dose of levothyroxine who were followed in a university endocrine disorder clinic were evaluated for serum thyroid autoimmunity markers: thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO Ab), thyroglobulin antibody (Tg Ab) and thyroid microsomal antibody (TM Ab) using ELISA method. Results: The prevalence of TPO Ab, Tg Ab and TM Ab were 73.9%, 45.5% and 71.6%, respectively. Among the patients with high level of TPO Ab (> 75 u/ml), 45.3% had grade 1 or 2 of goiter (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Autoimmune thyroid disease (Hashimoto's thyroiditis) is the most common cause of  hypothyroidism in Bushehr province.

Introduction: Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are common and it is important to identify the genetic determinants. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between two polymorphisms of Thyroid Peroxidase gene (TPO) and serum level of Anti-TPO titer in an Iranian population.Materials and methods: We selected 184 individuals from Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, categorized as the Anti-TPO- (n=72) and Anti-TPO+ (n=112) groups. Inclusion criteria for cases was Anti-TPO and Anti-Tg>100U/L with a history of hypothyroidism. Anti-TPO levels in subjects were measured by the ELISA kit. Genomic DNA was extracted using Saltingout/ Proteinase K method. Polymorphism detection of Exon 8 and 12 was done using the PCR-RFLP method. The PCR products were incubated with restriction enzymes SacII and BsrI, respectively.Results: The C allele frequency of C2145/T polymorphism Exon 12 (rs732608) was observed in 71.2% of patients and in 28.8% of normal individuals. This allele was significantly associated with increased levels of Anti-TPO [(T 140±330 pmol/L; vs. C 436±380 pmol/L; P<0.001), (OR: 9.2)]. The G1193/C was not associated with the level of serum Anti-TPO in this study.Conclusion: We demonstrated that the C allele polymorphism in C2145/T exon 12 is associated with high levels of serum Anti-TPO and that carriers of this allele are predisposed to disease 9.2 times more than those who do not have A allele.

Introduction: Antibody secretion in human may be the result of the changes in protein structure, or polymorphism in human thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene that are the reason for presence of the Anti TPO. In this study we examined the association between of A1936/G exon11 polymorphism of TPO gene in respect to Anti-TPO level and in a sample population of Tehran.Materials and Methods: We enrolled 190 individuals with 47±2 y an average age of case-control groups. PCRARMS was used to amplify the segment of exon11 polymorphisms.Results: In exon 11, the genotype frequencies were in conformity with the Hardy-Weinberg expectation. The results of this study show that the frequencies were 0.7298 for the G allele and 0.2710 for A allele. The presence of the G allele is significantly associated with increased anti-TPO level (GG: 238±57 IU/ml vs. AA: 74±33 IU/ml, P<0.05). The G allele frequenc in the group with anti-TPO>100, was higher than that of the A allele.Conclusion: The results indicated that G allele carriers of exon 11 are exposed to increased Anti-TPO levels higher than A carriers.

Background and Objective: Antibody secretion in human may be the result of the changes in protein structure. Probably these changes in protein structure or polymorphism in human thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene is the reason for presence of the anti TPO. In this study, we examined the association of T2229/C exon 12 polymorphism of TPO gene in respect to anti-TPO level.Materials and Methods: In this study 168 individuals (47±2 years) were selected as case and control groups based on anti-TPO titer above and below 100 IU/L. PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism) was used to amplify the segment of exon 12 polymorphism. Results: In exon 12 the allele frequencies were 0.8698 for C allele and 0.1301 for T allele and there was no significant association between this polymorphism and anti-TPO level (CC=127.5± 308 IU/ml vs. TT=126±224 IU/ml).Conclusion: This study indicated that there is no significant association between anti-TPO levels and T2229/C exon 12 polymorphisms. Meanwhile, selected SNP of exon12 directly has no effect on anti-TPO levels.

Introduction: Autoimmunity in thyroid has important consequences for fertility, the occurrence of pregnancy complications and pregnancy out come. Several studies have shown an association between thyroid autoimmunity and [thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO), anti thyreoglobulin antibodies anti TG] and infertility.Methods: We studded two groups of 60 women in winter 1383 to summer 1384, for serum anti TPO and anti TG are involved in this study. One group was infertile women and the other group was normal women with no infertility.Results: 45 percent of infertile women had elevated (75 <Iu/ml) anti TG levels in their serum and 30% had normal anti TG level (50< Iu/ml). 20 percent of infertile women had elevated anti TPO levels (75 < Iu/ml) and 80% had normal anti TPO levels (50< Iu/ml) Any of normal women hadn't elevated levels of anti TG and anti TPO. 91.7% normal women had normal anti TG levels and 95% had anti TPO levels. P-Value between two groups were less of 0.05.Discussion: The results of this study have shown there is an association between the presence of anti TPO and anti TG with infertility in women.In infertile women the anti TPO and anti TG levels must determined.