The handcrafts of Persia express an unparalleled image of art, industry, culture, and civilization and have touched the lives of many in social and daily activities. Persian handcraft, apart from being an applied branch of art, is a place for the nurture of cultural beliefs and creative notions of people and kinfolk. One can suppose that the major cause for the endurance of Persian handcrafts over centuries is nothing more than its usage; whether as a decorative or an exploitable item. Handcrafts bought two advantages, first, the industry that provided them with financial support by selling the items, and second, the social status; meaning that each tribe had their own design, pattern, and colors for expressing their tradition values and, moreover, for communication.Traditional sewing on fine fabrics is a major Persian handcraft; they are often created by tribal women whose talent is stemmed from their source of inspiration and delicate taste of art and bring about financial prosperity. The needleWork of the women of two famous Persian tribes, Turkmen and Balooch, are examples of this art. Nowadays, this handcraft has managed to preserve its historical value and is revived by maintaining the same national and historical identity.Many magnificent and valuable needleWork have entered the handcraft market. This paper hopes to shed light on the social Function of this priceless handcraft of Persia. Questions answered throughout the article: 1-What are main characteristics of Balooch and Turkmen needleWork? 2-What are the comparisons and contrasts between Balooch and Turkmen needleWork? Aims of the article: 1-Understanding the type of decoration applied on the needleWork? 2-Approaching the comparisons and contrasts of the needleWork of the two tribes of Balooch and Turkmen.

The Cs2AgBi0.75Sb0.25Br6 based perovskite solar cell (PSC) has demonstrated a high power conversion efficiency (PCE > 16%) and exceptional air stability. A comprehensive study of the interfaces in perovskite solar cells, coupled with the optimization of many parameters, is still necessary for further enhancement in PCE. This study quantitatively analyzes lead-free Cs2AgBi0.75Sb0.25Br6 utilizing a solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS–1D). The electron transport layer (ZnO) and the hole transport layer (Cu2O) were analyzed comparably. The Work Function, temperature, and thickness of the PSC layers have been meticulously examined. The results indicate that the efficiency of the device is significantly influenced by the thickness of the absorber layer. The simulation determined the maximum PCE of Cs2AgBi0.75Sb0.25Br6-based PSCs to be 16.23%, at thickness 0.1μm of absorber layer with an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.3666 V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 23.825 mA/cm², and a fill factor (FF) of 49.84%. Our exceptional results unequivocally indicate that Cs2AgBi0.75Sb0.25Br6- based PSCs are poised to emerge as the most efficient single-junction solar cell technology in the near future.

A characteristic of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is to allow individual decision making units (DMUs) to select the factor weights which are the most advantageous for them in calculating their efficiency scores. This flexibility in selecting the weights, on the other hand, deters the comparison among DMUs on a common base. For dealing with this difficulty and assessing all the DMUs on the same scale, this paper proposes using a multiple objective linear programming (MOLP) approach based on scalarizing Function for generating common set of weights under the DEA frameWork. This is an advantageous of the proposed approach against general approaches in the literature which are based on multiple objective nonlinear programming.

Background and Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive and degenerative myelin sheath of the central nervous system. Manifestation and side effect of this disease drastically impress patient’s body image and destruct self concept. The objective of the implementation of this study was to evaluate the effect of Orem self- care program on multiple sclerosis patients’ self concept.Materials and Methods: This quesi-experimental study was done on 34 MS patients referred to Ayatollah Kashani hospital in Shahrekord – Iran, during 2008. The patients were selected by convenience sampling. 8 sessions educational program based on patients needs and Orem self care frame Work during 3 months were carried out and with self reporting sheets program was pursued. After 3 months self concept questionnaire completed and data were analyzed by using SPSS-11.5 software and paired T, will kakson and kruskal wallis tests.Results: Mean of self concept, prior and post intervention was 60.67±4.20, 118.26±3.53, respectively (P<0.05). No significant correlation was found between age, gender, educational level, marriage status, number of children, occupation, level of income, duration of outbreak, times of hospitalized with self esteem.Conclusion: This study showed that self care program based on the Orem frame Work has positive effects on self esteem in multiple sclerosis patients. Therefore this program is recommended in MS patients.

Background: Based on the studies which have been done till now, resynchronization of ventricular contraction results in clinical improvement in patients who suffer from moderate to severe heart failure with intraventricular conduction disturbance. and using this method is increasing in our country. Study in this filed seems to be necessary.Material and methods: Sixty-five consecutive patients with advanced heart failure, NYHA Class III and IV, LV ejection fraction (EF)£35%, QRS³120 were studied before and 3 months after CRT. Mean age was 60, 57 and 8 patients with NYHA class III and IV respectively. All patients received furosemide, spironolactone, carvedilol, ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II –receptors blockers at the optimal tolerated dosage. Mean LVEF was 20.83%. Echocardiographic (Tissue Doppler Imaging), ECG and Function class (NYHA) were assessed at baseline before implantation and 3 months after.Result: LV ejection fraction increased +6.8% (21.10±7 vs. 27.93±8.4%, P<0.001). Mitral valve regurgitation severity reduced (P<0.013). Interventricular mechanical delay reduced (53.83ms±18.45 vs. 26.53ms±13.90 P=0.000) and also Intra ventricular mechanical delay reduced (62.53ms±25.08 vs. 45.55ms±13.47, P=0.000). Dilated cardiomyopathic group has more mean changes in LVEF than Ischemic group (+9.06%±7.3 vs. +4.08%±6.5, P=0.01).Conclusion: Biventricular pacing results in significant clinical improvement in patients who have moderate to severe heart failure.