One of the most important issues in political sociology, Diaspora and its functions is to strengthen ethnic nationalism in plural societies. Kurdish uprising in Kurdish nationalism and identity conflict has mutual relation with Diaspora. Indeed, this paper examines and shows deep relationship between Diaspora, nationalism and conflict in Kurdish field by way of analytic method. Diaspora community as a strategic Agent is the harbinger of nationalist movement and the creator of the strategic status for creating national discourses. The opportunities structure and the emergence of kurd elites in the Diaspora as the main Agent for conflict and nationalism plays a key role in contemporary Middle East. The research method is analytic-descriptive, and data gathering procedure is based on library findings. The elite diaspora in western societies has an impact on conflicts and seeks to brand identity and nationalism and geopolitical identity of Kurdistan as a distinct geographical unit.

Objectives: The main theme of the article is to analyze Iran's national elite's foundation programs in recognition, employment and supporting the elites.Method: The method of the research is data collection through a combined qualitative and quantitative method and descriptive content analysis to analyze the qualitative data. The research is applied and survey in strategy and exploring, descriptive in aim.Results: The results of the survey indicate a series of pathologies and a number of applied suggestions in ultra-text, text and executive sections. On the whole two general suggestions have been analyzed and abridged.Conclusion: The authors of the study conclude revision of the national elites foundation programs will bring 5 corrective regulations.

The origins of articipation of elites have been studied in the political and social realms, but the scope of culture is in a vacuum. Therefore, the factors influencing the participation of elites in cultural policy were studied from a social psychological point of view. The statistical population of the study was elite elite specialists, elite education experts and graduate students of elite centers. One hundred and three experts, senior experts and graduates of Sampad were selected through available sampling method. The "Exploration Interview" and the "Cultural Elite Census List" tool were used to collect information. Exploratory Factor Analysis was used to analyze quantitative data. The results are sequentially structured into two parts: a) strategies, b) policies. There were two strategies for participation: (a) "elite qualities" and (b) "administrative cultural system. " The strategy of "elite attributes" embraced four policies: (1) national elite commitment, (2) professional elite expertise, (3) cultural elite qualities, (4) exploitation of cultural elites. The strategy of the "administrative-cultural system" also included two policies: (1) the adequacy of managers, and (2) public participation. In conclusion, the general conclusion is drawn in order to elucidate the areas of participation of elites in cultural policy regarding the observance of a particular administrative system, the national commitment of elites, attention to the identity of elites and the establishment of elite poles.

Perfectionism and self-esteem are two important components of personality that have received the attention center of the psychologists, and various investigations have attempted to study each of them separately. But a number of studies have sought to investigate simultaneously the two variables. The main objective of the present research is to study of relation between perfectionism and self-esteem in the subjects from the scientific and athletic elites and the non-elite individuals. For this reason, 200 elite subjects (100 scientific elites and 100 athletic elites) and 200 non-elite subjects (100 non-elite subjects in accordance with the scientific elites and 100 non-elite subjects in accordance with the athletic elites) in Tehran city were studied. Measurement of the above-mentioned variables was performed by the positive and negative perfectionism questionnaire of Short et al (1995) and self-esteem questionnaire of Nugent and Thomas (1993). The results showed that there are a positive significant relation in the two study groups between positive perfectionism and self-esteem and a negative significant relation between self-esteem and negative perfectionism. Also, the findings suggested this point that there was a significant difference between the perfectionism and self-esteem of elite and non-elite subjects.

Background: Elite and efficient human resources have vital roles in various levels of national and they are considered as the main factors of growth and development of countries. Lack of this effective capital delays the development process in developing countries. Therefore, identifying the challenges and their proper management is considered very important. The purpose of this article is to identify challenges and strategic priorities of health elites. Methods: The present study is qualitative study. Women's Health Department of the Academy of Medical Sciences reviewed and analyzed upstream documents and group discussion with the presence of managers related to the country's elite, clinical and health experts in three sessions identified priority issues and challenges related to health elites from the perspective of relevant upstream documents, expert opinions and country conditions. Results: A set of 27 challenges was developed by analyzing and discussing elite-related issues and upstream document in group discussion sessions; reduction of free quota for entering medical fields, insufficient educational support, lack of executive guarantee for the tasks assigned to the agencies in the country's strategic document on elite affairs Also, the challenges and problems associated with the three stages of elitism were discussed and summarized: cultivation and identification of elites (4 challenges), leadership of elites (Challenge 5), support and employment of elites (3 challenges). Conclusion: We are currently facing the phenomenon of elite migration, the presentation of solutions should be developed using the power and capacities of all relevant agencies and organizations. The implementation of the proposed solutions requires appropriate infrastructure and processes, cross-sectoral cooperation and participation of the elite community in order to realize the vision of the Islamic Republic of Iran and gain the position of scientific authority.

The constancy of governments depends on the elites’ accurate performance so that they can respond to the abstract and objective requirements of the masses. However if the governmental elites can’t do their accurate performance, disappointment from present condition will increase.The majority masses’ disappointment from present condition is obvious for anyone. Certainly this disappointment is created from the elites’unaccurate performance who governed before the Islamic revolution since they can’t provide the requirements of the majority of the masses.However, disappointment from political system has been created in Iran and the campaign among the opposition elites had begun to obtain reference elite for the masses and get to the power. The elites that can do their job the best in social campaigns can be converted to the reference elites of the majority of the masses. In Islamic revolution age, different opposition groups can be observed that develop their campaigns against the governor’s political system. The Shiite clergy were the elites that could be converted to reference elite of the majority of the masses.The clergy could organize their own elite group and disappointed masses along with conflicts and splits of the society against the government base on the education level in the society their organizational structure, and their abilities which is originated from religious rules to satisfy abstract requirements of the masses The Shiite clergy could make trust among the majority of the masses and as the reference elites undertook the leadership of the movement.

Profile of Mood States (POMS) is quickly gaining popularity in sport and exercise context. Good validity and reliability has been found for its Farsi translation. This test assesses six major mood states (tension, depression, aggression, vigour, fatigue, and confusion) which are belived to be correlated with athletic performance. Because this test is widely applicable to different sports, special norm in each sport is undoubtedly needed. The present study aimed to provide such norms for each mood states in seven sports (Basketball, Football, Volleyball, Boxing, Track and Field, Martial arts, and Wrestling). The present study did not aim to compard mood states in different sports.

For economic and political development of a political system elites as agents of the system must have the necessary capabilities for "pragmatism" and enhancing of "productivity". Some theorists believe that after the period of Second Republic the policy of elites and politicians has been Growth- oriented policy. The Growth-oriented policy has caused challenges for political system of Iran. Huntington named such challenges as paradox of development policy and uneven development which has affected the government of Khatami. Although a significant portion of elites in the government of Khatami were Growth- oriented elites of Kargozaran but the new social necessities leading to the implementation of political development in the form of "structural separation", "integration", and "capacity building". This article concludes that in the period of Khatami political elites has followed the model of "tactical pragmatism" and "Fabian strategy".

Introduction: The developed western societies have largely been indebted to the elites because their development is provided by elites’ activities and dynamics. Today, the scientific development and growth of these courtiers is increasingly proliferated, leading to the hegemonic dominance of these countries in the world. This scientific dominance is applied by dynamic research and development entities, universities, and institutions that their main actors are the scientific elites. The human capital flight or brain drain are the concepts that in economics and sociology have been respectively presented to describe this process. The process increasingly profits one party and impairs the other party. This process is very frightening for Iran. Annually, 150-180 thousands of educated Iranians leave the country; insofar as Iran has been at forefront of brain drain in recent years. This statistic means that annually 150 billion dollars have been going out from Iran (Faraji Dana, 20013). This means that around 25% of Iranian post-graduate students live in other countries (Abdullahi, 2016). Such a complicated situation simply strengthens the core countries and weakens the peripheral countries. Meanwhile, different groups of thinkers from different scientific fields have tried to investigate the issue of elite immigration (why and how). But the main reference group i.e. the elites of the country has not been studied. Instead, the travel and immigration agencies, the students as a whole, language learning centers and so on have been considered by researchers. In other words, the real and formal elites and top talented students almost have not been studied at all.In fact, what has been neglected is why elites leave the country even after being supported by National Elite Foundation. In other words, why the elites tend to leave the country despite the supports provided by National Elite Foundation and why Iran is at the forefront of brain drain in the world. The reason of this lies in deep and qualitative interviews. In other words, the mentality of the elite and top talented Iranians should be scrutinized and their experiences about professional and social life in Iranian society should be studied in detail. In fact, by recognizing their mentality accurately, it can be possible to understand their arguments and reasons about life, work, and activity in Iran. Accordingly, the main question and issue of this problem is: what is the elites’ understanding of their position in the social system of Iran and how and from which social processes, this understanding is constructed.Material and Methods: The methodology of the current research is configured based on the interpretative paradigm. In this regard, the current research is selected the qualitative methodology. In addition, based on the answers to the research questions and goals, the ground theory strategy is used to design the methodology. This method tries to produce or discover the theory in order to achieve a great degree of description. In the current research, the objectivism approach of Strauss and Corbin (2011) will be used. The sampling of current research is based on the chain and purposive sampling. In this regard, it is attempted to select the statistical society from Olympiad students, top national students, top graduates, national and global inventors, active and experienced top talented students, etc. By using deep and semi-deep interview techniques, the process of data collection was continued based on the theoretical sampling to achieve theoretical saturation and interviews were conducted with 11 participants. In the process of data analysis, the line-by-line analysis was used for open coding and with the development of concepts and categories, the axial coding and selective coding were used.Discussion of results and conclusions: The paradigmatic model of research shows the flow of processes and activities that have happened in the context of the research. This model consists of 5 parts: causal conditions, ground conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences. The central phenomenon is placed on the center of research and the activities are formed around it. The flow of processes and activities that have happened in the context of this research shows that the central phenomenon of the research is the experience of undesirable position and unfavorable and unpredictable situation. In other words, the participants of the research think that their position is undesirable and the situation of the country is unfavorable for scientific, economic, cultural and political work and activity. In addition, they have assessed the conditions governing the country unpredictable that make impossible any planning even at the short term. So their mental and objective experience about their position and country situation was an undesirable position and an unfavorable and unpredictable situation. As a result of this mental and objective experience, they have attempted to use some strategies. In addition, other factors had also been effective on their experiences and strategies that have created some consequences. This flow of processes and activities is described in the paradigmatic chart of the research. The causal conditions of the research are: 1. Living in Iranian society; 2. Many conflicts in educational, scientific, career, cultural, political, ideological and belief institutions. The contextual conditions of the research include: 1. the developed expectations of elites; 2. The feeling of having a desirable position for themselves and their family; 3. Having an active, smart and pushing mentality; 4. Imagining themselves as strong and able to make changes in society in the form of unique ideas; 5. The great social and cultural capital of elites and communicating with other elites. The intervening conditions are: 1. The inappropriate situation of the country; 2. The unfavorable situation of the business, career cultural and political activities of elites; 3. Ideological and belief-based assessments for job priorities; 4. High education of elites; 5. Heavy use of virtual social networks and media and comparing the elites of other countries with themselves. The strategies of the participants in the research include: 1. Continual group activities such as cultural and social activities in work groups, research institutions, etc.; 2. Different individual activities such as individual and non-supported attempts to design, register, produce and distribute the inventions, speeches in the presence of officials, etc. The consequences resulting from utilizing the different strategies and actions of participants can be outlined as follows: 1. Personal successes; 2. Losing elites; 3. Leaving the country (brain drain).

Following collapse of the Soviet Union, regional integration has been regarded as one of the requirements that need to be met by various regions wishing to be a part of globalization process. The ECO region, particularly countries in Central Asia and the Caucasus are not an exception. Nevertheless, this region has been faced with some integration challenges. Employing an analytical-descriptive approach, this article attempts to study the role played by political-regional elites in taking opportunities and responding to the ECO challenges, as one of the most influential factors that has affected actions of regional players. Taking into account “decision making theory”, the article analyses the role of political elites in regional integration. The main question of the article is “what role is played by regional-political elites in regional integration process within the ECO?” The article hypothesizes that in light of political structure of studied countries, the elites have had a significant role in the ECO decision-making process. In fact, positive perspective of elites on the ECO has had a great impact on convergence among members and the ECO’s success.