Protective steel doors are widely used in buildings due to their high resistance against the impact loads. However, its heavy weight has been always considered as a major drawback for these doors. In this paper, a new optimized stiffened impact-protective steel door incorporating sandwich panel with aluminum foam core (OSSA) is examined. This door consists of two face sheets, main and secondary stiffeners, and aluminum foam as the inner core. In order to optimize the door, at first the rigidity and weight functions of the stiffened steel door were extracted. Then an optimal door weighing 42% less than the primary door was obtained. Due to the high energy absorption capacity of the combined foam core and stiffened steel door structure, the use of aluminum foam core in the optimized steel door was proposed. By doing numerical analysis, and depending on the thickness of the face sheet of OSSA, 20 to 32% reduction in the maximum displacement was observed. The results also showed that, with 67% increase in the peak overpressure, OSSA has kept almost the same maximum displacement as that of the steel door without an aluminum foam. In other words, by using aluminum foam core in the optimized stiffened door, the door will resist 67% more impact load.

Indoor air quality (IAQ) generally refers to the quality of physical, chemical and biological characteristics of air in an indoor environment. Indoor air pollution could threat people's health and on the other hand has long been recognised as a significant agent of deterioration of cultural heritage collections housed in museums, galleries, archives and library buildings. The most important gases that are sourced outdoor have long been considered to be Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Ozone (O3), Considering valuable objects kept in museums and cultural heritage buildings, and the importance of maintaining them, it is necessary to use a method with the ability to estimate the concentration of indoor pollutants and evaluate their effects on collections. In this research, attempts have been focused to survey the concentration of pollutants in two important museums in Iran, and consequently the data produced by mathematical models are compared with real measured data. impact model has been developed as a software tool for estimating the damaging levels of air pollutants concentrations inside cultural heritage buildings.

Purpose: The present research aimed at finding an answer to the question of the process of influence of cyberspace on Iranian Poetry in the future, and the influence of cyberspace on various aspects of poetry such as content, its audience, the poet, the media that published the poem, the process of composing the poem, the rights of the author, and Globalization of the Iranian poetry. Method: The Delphi technique was used to carry out this research. A group of experts comprising professors in the fields of Communication and Literature was selected. The expert’s opinions were collected and analyzed through an in-depth interview, a questionnaire based on the Likert scale, and by the execution of three stages of Delphi rounds. Findings: Accordingly, considering the content, the experts predicted that due to the impact of cyberspace, the quality of the poetry will be reduced and consequently, the language of poetry will become simpler and close to prose and it will only reflect the daily events of life. Regarding the audience, they concluded that the audience’s selection power will be increased, however, we can differentiate between the public and professional audience. With respect to the sender, there will be no phenomenon of multi authors, and regarding the channel, the experts agreed upon Media Convergence besides, the poets’ agency in publishing their own poems will be increased. Conclusion: Experts believe that the spread of communication technologies will make censorship ineffective. This is the only case in which the group believes in the impact of technology on the future of poetry. The group of experts did not reach a consensus regarding the impact of technology on the phenomena such as publication of author’s poems as one’s original work and the Globalization of Iranian poetry, thus, analyzed these items in the framework of the human agency.

In this study, weather conditions such as air humidity, temperature air, and wind speed were investigated in relation to wind turbine efficiency with the approach of an exergy study. In this study, the wind speed has been investigated in two different climatic regions of Iran with an approximate distance of 1200 km, in the names of Ardabil and Marvast. The amount of wind density of Ardabil is equal to 66 (kW/m2) and Marvast is equal to 123 (kW/m2). Power production using a 10 (Kw) wind turbine in the Ardabil region is 2.3 (MWh) and in the Marvast region is 3.2 (MWh) per year. The highest wind turbine exergy efficiency is 0.48 in the Ardabil region, and the highest exergy efficiency in the Marvast region is 0.18. The amount of reduction of CO2 gas production, using wind turbines in comparison to gas and diesel power plants in Ardabil, are 1.1 and 2.1 tons and in Marvast are 1.5 and 2.9 tons per year. This reduction in CO2 greenhouse gas per year is equal to using a forest region of 1000 (m2) to 3000 (m2). The use of wind turbines reduces the fuel consumption of diesel power plants in the Ardabil region for the amount of 797.4 liters and in the Marvast region for the amount of 1244 liters of diesel per year. According to this review, it can be concluded that in addition to wind speed, air humidity plays a significant role in the selection, installation, and commissioning of wind turbines in the region. According to this survey, it can be seen that in the Ardabil region, the wind speed of the wind turbine has a higher exergy efficiency than in the Marvast region, and it can be concluded that the wind turbine has performed better in the Ardabil region.

Background and Aim: Measuring the outcome of chronic diseases such as multiple sclerosis is an important factor in assessment of disease impact on different dimensions of quality of life and in evaluation of therapeutic interventions. The aim of this study was to perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the MSIS-29 which is a MS-specific outcome measure for Iranian patients.Materials and Methods: The Iranian adaptation process of the MSIS-29 included 5 steps. To evaluate psychometric properties of the translated version, the questionnaire was administered to a consecutive sample of 96 patients with clinically definite MS referred to our out-patient clinic. Test-retest reliability was assessed in a sub-sample consisted of 30 patients. These patients completed the questionnaire on two occasions separated by a 7-day interval. The Iranian version of the SF-36 was also administered to this sub-sample in order to evaluate the validity of translated MSIS-29.Results: Statistical analysis indicated that the Persian version of the MSIS-29 had high internal consistency (cronbach's alpha coefficients> 0.70) and test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficients >0.70) and a good validity.Conclusion: The Persian version of the MSIS-29 is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring MS outcome in Iranian patients. It can be used in clinical trials and cross-sectional studies.

Background: An increase in the number of medical schools in Iran has caused a conspicuous escalation in medical research during recent years with the numbers of papers published in Iranian and international biomedical journals increasing annually. In addition to quantitative indices, the evaluation of medical research in Iran requires qualitative parameters. The aim of this study is the qualitative assessment of medical research in Iran regarding, specifically, one of its outputs; Le. papers published in international journalsand its comparison to medical research in Pakistan and Egypt.Materials and methods: Papers published in international journals from Iran, Pakistan and Egypt in 1992, 1996, 1999, and 2002 were acquired through searching in PubMed databank. To evaluate the quality of papers, we used the impact factor (IF) of journals publishingthe paper. The IF of journals was obtained through the official site of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) and the mean IF for these 3 countries was calculated separately.Results: In 1992, the numbers of indexed papers from Iran, Pakistan and Egypt were 61, 82 and 387, respectively. The mean IF of journals publishing Iranian papers was 1.13±0.94 in 1992, being 1.25±.15 for Pakistan and 1.11±1.64 for Egypt. In 2002, numbers of indexed papers from Iran, Pakistan and Egypt were 508, 229 and 668, respectively. In the same year, the mean IF of journals publishing Iranian papers was 1.36±0.98 while it was 1.75±2.88 for Pakistan and 1.23±1.57 for Egypt. The obtained results showed 733% quantitative growth of Iranian papers during the 1992-2002 period, which was noticeably higher than Egypt and Pakistan.Also, the mean IF of journals publishing Iranian papers increased from 1.13 to 1.36 during that period.Conclusion: Upgrading of the IF of journals publishing Iranian papers may indicate enhancement of the quality of those papers, i.e. Iranian research, now enhanced, is eligible for publication in journals with higher IFs. It must however be kept in mind that on the whole, the mean IF of journals could have increased during that period. The results of this investigation lead us to conclude that medical research in Iran, as compared to Pakistan and Egypt, has definitely progressed quantitatively during the years 1992-2002 and it can also be claimed, at least, that the quality of research has not declined during these years.