Beech wood after drying and milling was reacted with alkylatig and acetylating agents. Untreated beech wood meal was reacted with benzyl chloride in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Also beech wood meal in another experiment was pulped with ethylene glycol as pulping liquor for removing lignin and the delignified beech wood was reacted with benzyl chloride in the presence of NaOH. Untreated wood and delignified wood after benzylation show thermal flowability as determined by thermal mechanical analysis (TMA). The benzylation products of untreated and delignified wood were acetylated with acetic acid and acetic anhydride mixture. The thermal flowability of acetylation products were measured by TMA analysis. 1H NMR and FTIR spectra of products were also recorded.

Why is it that the organizations’ managers and staff, especially those of police organizations are reluctant to modifications? The present paper has benefitted from different Sources such as books, scientific articles, journals... to examine different points of views regarding modification, factors affecting modification, the need for organizations’ modification, resistance to modification and the methods for dealing with the resistance in organizations, especially in police organizations.

The study of T. gondii virulence is an important aspect in parasitology. A virulent T. gondii were isolated from sheep and rooster brains using mice bioassay. After intraperitoneal inoculation of tissue cysts, tachyzoites were harvested from the peritoneal cavity. Forty-six serial passages of tachyzoites were used exudates with the exception of 23 to 26 th passages. Number of harvested tachyzoites and survival times of mice were compared in 1th, 5th, 12th, 22th and 46th passages. The number of tachyzoites and survival time were also compared with RH strain. Virulence of T. gondii was increased after serial passages of virulent tachyzoites in the mice. Initially, tachyzoites were non-lethal for the mice, although after serial passages they began to kill the mice. Interestingly at this stage, even inoculation of 500 tachyzoites were iethal for the mice. In comparision with RH stain, the number of harvested tachyzoites were significantly decreased, but survival time of the mice were slightly increased.