Please click on PDF to view the abstract

Since the mid-twentieth century, the evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has been accompanied by both optimistic and pessimistic perspectives. Among the most prominent of these is the Technological singularity Theory, which this study examines through a descriptive-analytical approach to explore its nature, logic, and implications. The findings indicate that the essence of this theory lies in foresight studies of AI, while its rationale originates from the notion of the exponential growth of computational power. It suggests that AI could, through recursive self-improvement, attain a level of intelligence surpassing human cognition and reach a point of no return. The concept of the Omega Point warns that artificial superintelligence might develop human-like robots capable of dominating the planet and even leading to the extinction of humankind. In 2023, global concern over AI’s potential dangers prompted leading scientists and technologists to issue a statement urging that the mitigation of AI-related existential risks be placed alongside other major global threats, such as pandemics and nuclear conflict. Political concerns also led to the convening of the first Global AI Safety Summit in the United Kingdom in 2023, whose final communiqué called for stronger international oversight and the responsible development of AI. To mitigate the escalating risks of AI to humanity’s future, this study proposes global collaboration among stakeholders, the establishment of shared ethical frameworks, and the realignment of economic, political, and educational priorities to prioritize human welfare.

The “technological singularity” is forecasted to occur in 2045. It is a point when non-biological intelligence becomes more intelligent than humans and each generation of intelligent machines re-designs itself smarter. Beyond this point, there is a symbiosis between machines and humans. This co-existence will produce incredible impacts on medicine that its sparkles could be seen in healthcare industry and the future medicine since 2025. Ray Kurzweil, the great futurist, suggested that three revolutions in science and technology consisting genetic and molecular science, nanotechnology, and robotic (artificial intelligence) provided an exponential growth rate for medicine. The “exponential medicine” is going to create more disruptive technologies in healthcare industry. The exponential medicine shifts the paradigm of medical philosophy and produces significant impacts on the healthcare system and patient-physician relationship.

Most useful information in different kind of signals is usually carried by such singularities as the edges and peaks. Examples of such signals include Radar signals, the signals generated by the digital communication systems and biological signals (such as ECG, EEG and even medical images). Therefore, extraction and locating these singularities is a main and an initial common step in most of the signal and image processing application. In this paper a new multi-resolution based method for automatically extraction of singular points within the signals is presented where the information at various signal resolutions is combined together in a novel fuzzy manner. In the proposed algorithm, first, the multiresolution description of the signal is obtained using the wavelet transform. The information at each wavelet transform scale is next transformed into a fuzzy subset of the signal by means of appropriate fuzzy flying functions for each kind of the singularities (edges or peaks). The resulting fuzzy subsets describe to what degree any sample point from the signal domain can represent a singularity at that particular scale. Finally, combining the information at various fuzzy subsets of the signal by means of the fuzzy operators, the sample points with the highest possibility of coincidence with a singularity are identified. The superiority of the proposed algorithm in comparison to the commonly used techniques is shown using various synthetic and real signals.

In order to study some theories about nonsuperconductivity of PrBa2Cu3O7, based on the density functional theory and with APW+lo/LAPW method some calculations for PrBa2Cu3O7 (Pr123) and YBa2Cu3O7 (Y123) were performed. The LSDA+U approximation was used for Pr (4f) orbitals and the effect of changing UPr on the band structure, Pr (4f)-DOS, distribution of electrons on the planes and chains, and Pr valence were investigated. Comparison of computational results with some experiments shows that a suitable region for UPr is a number larger than 0.4 Ry. With this selection the band structures of Pr123 and Y123 near Fermi energy are coincident completely. Therefore, the theories that present the reason for nonsuperconductivity of Pr123 corresponds to the difference of holes number or character of holes in Pr123 and Y123 were found to be incorrect.

In this research, the singularity of the central shape-invariant potentials, which have a singularity of the inverse-square power , has been investigated. It has been shown that in quantum mechanics, for , the eigenvalue problem is well-defined and, as a result, the energy spectrum can be determined. In the transition region, for , both regular and irregular wave functions are square integrable and therefore acceptable, but the boundary conditions for determining the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are not sufficient and there is no a specific predetermined mechanism for choosing a linear combination of wave functions. For , the particle is drawn to the singularity, and therefore, there is no any ground state with finite energy. It has also been shown using supersymmetric quantum mechanics that the inverse-square potential is the result of the singular inverse superpotential . Supersymmetric quantum mechanics provides a mechanism that, without any additional constraints, the less singular wave function is chosen and the potential is placed in the transition region for .

Aesthetic concepts explaining with scientific functions, can be an inspiring idea to lead to a new and special form of aesthetics. A form of aesthetics that as its most important work, produces relations between the aesthetic dimension as the material form of the artwork, and material functions in natural science. Establishing such relationships, may first and foremost seem like an idealistic simulation, An effort that is supposed to reduce the latter to an allegory of the first system by finding similarities between two incongruous scientific and aesthetic systems. However, it should be noted that such discussions are not aimed at producing allegorical relationships between scientific and aesthetic systems, and they have no relation with the subsequent reductionism, but by maintaining the independence between these two systems from each other, they try to move in the boundaries, regions and intersection blocks between them, and rooting the modern aesthetic concepts in the scientific systems, or by discovering and even "inventing" these intersection blocks and establishing material relations, try to explain aesthetic concepts by scientific systems. Therefore, the aesthetic concepts located in the intersection block will no longer be an allegory of scientific functions, but they are nothing except a slice of these functions but with a different formulation. Because of their adherence to scientific procedures in producing material relations between the material form of the artwork and the material functions of natural science, such discussions can be considered as a form of materialist aesthetics. As a methodological proposal, materialistic aesthetics can start its work by discovering the trace of a scientific system in an aesthetic system, or in other words, by reconstructing that intersection block that is achieved by intersecting two sets. In this regard, the discovery and reconstruction of the relationship between the Frankfurt School’s critical aesthetics and Leibniz's mathematics can be an outstanding and inspiring example. This research has tried to root Benjamin's concept of Aura in Leibniz's differential theory and Deleuze's special understanding of singularity, and explain Aura based on it. Due to his influence on Leibniz, Deleuze offers a special understanding of mathematical singularity, which can be considered exactly equivalent to extreme point in the general calculus of curves. By intersecting the concept of Aura with differential theory, then discovering conceptual equivalences, identifying nodes, and producing a junction block, it was shown that Aura can be considered as a singularity on the aesthetic space-time curves. Then, based on this experimental method, an attempt was made to formulate the initial and proposed design of a materialist aesthetic as a secondary achievement of the research. Based on this plan, the main idea of the proposed materialistic aesthetics is to intersect the aesthetic system with the scientific systems to produce intersection blocks and areas, in such a way that the aesthetic concepts established in these intersecting blocks can be reconstructed as scientific-material functions. To understand this issue, help was taken from the theory of sets in mathematics.