Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature
Year:2009 | Volume:9 | Issue:17 (SPECIAL ISSUE IN ARABIC LANGUAGE)|Papers Count:8

Hariri and Hamid's Maghamat are considered as two prose and ancient story works in Arabic and Persian literature. These two story collections form the viewpoint of having fiction elements enjoy so much strength and acceptability in line with the standards of the modern short stories. In this regard, one of the most important fiction elements is "setting" which has significant role in Hariri's Maghamat. The researchers of the present study made a comparison between the methods of the setting in these two Maghamats and then tried to introduce the literary value of their two works, and finally show the relationship between Arabic and Persian literatures.

It is beyond all doubt that Holy Koran has always inspired eastern and western poets and writers and particularly Moslem thinkers who received a ration of God's blessing. Thus, the effect of Holy Koran on Moslem thinkers and their works is undeniable. The present article is trying to make a brief comparison between Sayyed Qotb "the great interpreter of Holy Koran and the contemporary Egyptian reformer" and Ahmad Matar "the Iraqi revolutionary poet. At first it is examining the Sayyed Qotb's ideas about stories in Holy Koran based on the book; Al-tafsir Al-fani fi-ll Koran" (the artistic image in Holy Koran) and then showing its application in Ahmad Matar's poems. Then, the study tries to examine the poem "Bellad Mabayn al-nahrain" (the land of Mesopotamia), and then some of the other poems of Ahamd Matar like: "Yusuf Fi biar albetrul" (Josef in the well of petrol) and "aljamal" (the camel).

Valiant devoted warriors of Islam entered Andoles (part of today's Spain) in 92 A. H., conquered it and founded the base of Islamic civilization there, but due to selfishness and ambition of commanders and rulers, Muslims were defeated and so were made to abandon their land after having ruled that country for eight centuries. Undoubtedly if leaders and commanders had remained faithful to what is said in verse 46 of chapter 'Enfal' in Holy Koran, now Europe could be Islamic, but alas, power and wealth seekers caused disunity between Muslims to reach their secular transient object of desire. Following this disunity, cities of Andoles were conquered one after another. This caused a number of Muslim poets filled with anguish such as Abolbagha to versify this regrettable incident and shed tears of Muslim's defeat. Abolbagha Rondi (601-648 A.H.) has composed a beautiful elegy of which researchers of the present study have given an account.

Motanabi and Hafez are two great figures in Arabic and Persian literature. They are most famous for borrowing from works by their predecessors and reformulating them within a novel framework, which is the result of their creative minds. Motanabi often starts Qasayed with a Qazal which is often motivated by the taste of the people in his era. While Hafez primarily writes Qazals in love with this type of poetry and believes that love is above all other phenomena in the world. Motanabi downgrades love to the level of a disease. Nevertheless, both poets have written Qazal with different motivation. Hafez is greatly influenced by Arabic literature and he has even used a line of Motanabi's poetry in his Divan. In addition, there are very similar issues in the works of these two poets often recognized by literary critics. This paper will compare and contrast topics in the works of these two poets highlighting the attitude of these two poets with regard to the genre of Qazal.

Sahifeh Sajjadieh is a collection of 54 prayers of Imam Sajjad on which different interpretations have been made; however, it seems that no work has exclusively dealt with the eloquence of the prayers in terms of semantic, speech or rhetorical aspects yet. The authors of the present study have, via field research, identified the schemes and tropes in Sahifeh Sajjadieh, and shown that; first, there are many examples of schemes and tropes in Sahifeh. Second, there are many examples of schemes specially pun and riming prose in Sahifeh meaning that there is no prayer without such figures. Third, there are also many examples of antithesis, antimetabole, congeries and conglobation in tropes and finally that since, in the prayers, the musical features of the phases are noteworthy, schemes are more than tropes in Sahife.

In a sense, the Arab world is a united society with one language: Arabic language. But there are many Arabic vernaculars which have been separated by the time, so it is difficult for Iraqi and Algerian people; for example, to understand each other. The difference between eloquent Arabic and vernacular Arabic are self evident, and correspondingly there are two methods of communication in the Arab world. First, eloquent Arabic which is used by Arab poets and orators in general meetings, second the vernacular Arabic which is used by people in their daily life. In this study, the researcher will try to deal with the differences between eloquent Arabic and vernacular Arabic. And then he shows the influence of these differences on Arab daily life. Also the researcher tries to study the ways the scholars and Arabic Academics look at these two kinds of Arabic languages. Finally the importance of understanding of the differences between the eloquent Arabic and vernacular Arabic by Iranian teachers and students of Arabic Departments in Iranian universities will be discussed.

Islamic nation was always honored for present of science and literature great ones among its children in during the history. The scientists those who illuminated the world with light of knowledge and have performed many services for human if field science and literature and scientific and literature meetings were illuminated by their existence and effects, so scholars of religious sciences have came to them from far and near areas to learn science from them. Among these outstanding scientists is Abdollah ebne Mohammad Kordi Bitushi, he was a great and genius person of world and though he had passed most of his life times in exile and far away from his birthplace and the world events and troubles had disturbed him under moral pressure, but never tiredness came to him and didn' t neglected to teach, guiding and compiling. He left very variable effects for the future generation, it merited that great ones of science and literature pay attention to them and protect them from their loss and public what are available.