Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature
Year:2006 | Volume:7 | Issue:12|Papers Count:6

By studying various aspects of human life, this article tries to depict a "perfect man" from a mystic point of view. Drawing upon man's perfection as imaged in Moulavi's anthology, the article discusses how man may be affected by mysticism as the most privileged modality of human recognition, without which reality would claim no oppeal to those who seek it.Contrasted to Moulavioan this matter is Mohy-al-din Arabi, the founder of practical mysticism, whose central issue is perfect man. Sticking it to the issue of sovereign and sovereignty, the article goes on to such points as mystic guidance, contemplation and recognition, faith in God and its benefits.

Maintaining one's national identity is a necessary factor for the attainment of human identity, a factor which is essential to boost self-confidence against foreigners. But man's identity becomes more.refined if there is no inclination toward dominating others and there is an intention to move beyond national identity. Ferdowsi, the great poet of Iranian epic, provides the ground for the interaction of thoughts within a cultural identity by advocating liberal thinking, intelligent flexibility, and belief in religion. With the advent of Islam, the idea of universal identity was formed and later strengthened within literature domain as the result of the influences of mystic thoughts. Mowlavi, the peak of mystic literature, revives human identity, and the development of Persian literature from Ferdowsi's nationalism to Mowlavi's humanism is the early step toward a universal identity.

This article is a study concerning nostalgia in the contemporary poetry. The topic has been worked on as one of the unconscious behaviors in the poems of two contemporary poets: Nima Youshij and Mehai Akhavan - Sales. After searching for the etymology and defining this term according to the culture as well as the psychological, ideas, I concentrated on the relationship between the mentioned topic and literature. Following that, I dealt with the relationship between nostalgia and memory and evaluated the topic based on this fact.In personal memories of people, I have referred to nostalgia as homesickness and in social nostalgia, the poet feels sorrow when he refers to the Iranian mythology. In this regards I have mentioned some poems from different poets as illustrative examples.

One of the ancient rituals in practice for miliniums in Iran, India, and Rome is Mehr worship. It has been headed by a god named Mehr. Being the greatest of gods, Mehr is assisted in guarding the univers by such subordinate associate gods as Moon, Venus, Sun and Wind as well as Soroush and Roshan (god of justice). These many may not be independent; they are not of any effect unless they serve on the side of Mehr. Sun worshipped by both Iranians and non Iranians is considered to have so much in common with Mehr, hence invariably taken the same as that. The two names meaning the same, Sun worship has equated itself with Mehr worship. However, ancient religious texts like Rigveda and Avesta refer to Mehr and Sun separately. This obviously suggests that the two gods are distinct ones.The present research is a verification of the above - mentioned. It aims at the status of Mehr and Sun in national epics. which finally leads to the conclusion that the word Sun is employed in numerous texts with the same characteristics as Mehr, the god.

Philosophy has encountered many opponents both in its own place, Greece, and in Islamic civilization. The opponents in Greece and Islamic civilization were sophists, and some followers of Islam, like mystics. respectively Some poets should also be added to the list of the opponents including Sanaee and Khaqhani who wholeheartedly attaked Philosophy. Also, political rulers were occasionally unhappy with Philosophy. This study attempts to find out the factors that led to this kind of adversity toward Philosophy. The factors include the Philosopheres' behaviors. Nezami teachings, intellectual laziness of the addressees. misunderstanding of philosophical issues, and maximal expectation from religion. Thus, this issue is thoroughly discussed with the examples and evidence from Khaqhani anthology.