JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES
Year:2012 | Volume:12 | Issue:26|Papers Count:13

Geotourism is a type of nature based tourism that introduces and describes the geological phenomena to tourists as a sustainable business. Jolfa district is located in the East Azerbaijan Province, Iran as one of the best Geo-Ecotourism attractions in the region. The main aim of this research is to find a good answer to this question: what are the major entrepreneurial opportunities in making sustainable businesses based on natural attractions in the Jolfa Region. Results of the study are given from a descriptive survey. Statistical population of this study was contaiting 100 experts and the data collection was based on interviews, observation and questionnaires. Data analysis was done using the SPSS software. After analyzing collected data, different types of opportunities in the field of Geotourism business were identified and prioritized. The research result shows that the geotourism industry can create many job opportunities under a sustainable development strategy in the region and makes a better economical environment for entrepreneurial activities in both near and far future.

Tourism as the largest industry service in the world has a special role in the development of geographic areas. When the dimensions and aspects related to tourism are known well, this situation will be more and more objective. Today, there are many theoretical and executive experiences in the world for the study, program planning and management of tourism areas, which along with the progress in technology are increasing trends. In this research, Geomorphologic landforms of Bisotun tourism regional sample have been identified and assessed their status of Geomorphotourism capabilities have been assessed. For assessing the regional landforms, geological and topographic maps as well as fieldwork data and have been used the degree of the capabilities of Geomorphotourismy landforms have been assessed and ranked based on prolong method. Accordingly, Bisotun mountain landform because of historical and archaeological, geomorphologic phenomenon and beautiful natural landscapes with a mean tourism value of 0.79 and average efficiency value of 0.81 and is of the highest value of Geomorphotourismy.

Precipitation is the most important climate and meteorology factor. In this study monthly precipitation data of Isfahan synoptic station during 1951-2009 has been used. Because of none linearly of precipitation during time, The Artificial neural networks have been used.495 (70%) of data has been used as training and 231 data about (30%) as testing and validation. The Results of this study after network testing with different hidden layer and training coefficient indicated that using of artificial neural network with 2 hidden layer Perceptron, 0/4 training coefficient has presentation comparatively a better model. So after testing again network and training with different hidden layer and training coefficient in combination with genetic algorithm indicated that combination of network with mentioned characters with genetic algorithm decrease the error and increase speed of calculation and present a better model. The random and arranged precipitation data didn’t have any effect on the results. It is necessary to be mentioned that data combination neural networks with algorithm genetic result in increased accuracy and better fitting the model.

Geopolitics thinkers always have been struggled with focus on physical and human conditions of different regions; have been made distinction between political importances of regions. They struggled with encouraging the politicians for influence, dominance or management of these important regions; secure the interest of their state. Obviously, the political significant of different regions is not constant in all of the time and especially with upgrade of human making factors, may be changes the political importance of regions.At present, increasing dependence of governments to space has been caused important part of geopolitical studies were concentrated to these places and points. In this regard, one of the important issues of Aerospace geopolitical studies is finding Function and indicators strategic of this area. So, in this paper is posed this question that where are strategic points and regions in AEROSPACE? In this paper with descriptive and analysis approach have were struggled that characteristic the strategic points and regions in the aerospace. Finding research reveals that with increasing dependence of states and individuals to human making phenomena in Aerospace, controlling points, place and spatial of Aerospace should have taken consider as strategic region.

The most important application of each city, in the place if living and their dwellings, of citizens. Dwellings beside as place for rest and enjoyment, has the solid cultural and family applications. In Tehran province, features of great city of Tehran as a political, administrative, capital and also the concentration of economical, social resources of capital (asset) and industry. Has caused that from the last decades, it plays the pilot role in space of country, and by this act, flow of immigrants from other parts of country will flow to this region. Meanwhile, new entry immigrants whom are not able to settle live down in Tehran, inevitably settle down in residential communities around the city. For this reason we have noticed an irregular growth of these communities around Tehran. This crowding which is not proportional to capacities, utilities and urban management has caused that urban housing to confront with different troubles (issues). In this research qualities and quantities indexes (indices) of urban points (place), in Tehran province have been reviewed, and by using the model of cluster analysis, is resulted to grouping of cities in Tehran province, based on qualities and quantities indexes and standard score (z) of this indexes. The results of this study showed that the cities in four groups are different from the qualities and quantities indexes point of view, and most of cities do not have suitable condition in qualities and quantities indexes. Total condition is showing a trend that is not on principle and is without specific and relevant plan with executive activities in housing domain. This unset is factory and undesirable situation of qualities and quantities indexes and access to utility services housing, have will effected its effects on this singular, individual, cultural, political and educational life of each citizens.

In this paper the status criteria in city development strategies (Good Governance, Livability, Competitiveness, Bank ability) has been considered. City Development Strategies are a major and recent initiative within the World Bank, and reflect the increasing importance of urban regions as centers of population and motors of economic development. Furthermore, the processes of democratization and social welfare development often find most intense expressions in urban regions.to achieve this goal A questionnaire with a sample size of 380 citizens and 50 organizations of experts administering the city of chenaran was completed. The methodology is practical at the purpose of research and descriptive analytic at the course of research...A nonrandom selection process was used to obtain focus groups and city authorities and random selection for citizen. Research findings indicate that the main criteria of the average CDS model from the view point of the city authorities and citizens were lower than the theoretical average. Some recommendations to reinforce this indicator have been expressed.

At the advent of the twenty-first century, the role and Position of new technologies such as ICT in the process of achieving development has become more apparent. Nowadays ICT plays a basic role in economic, social and cultural development of communities especially in disadvantaged rural areas. And issue rises here as regards the development of ICT in rural areas which is whether these areas have the individual, economic, social and infrastructural potentials for this development. The present study is aimed at answering this question. The methodology is descriptive - analytical and field data collection and library (interviews and questionnaires) is. For data analysis descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Friedman test, one-sample t-statistics, linear regression, Turkey test, chi-square test and correlation coefficient) is used. The results show that the rural areas under study do not hare the potential in all the four aspects, for ICT development.

Ecotourism and Geotourism is one of the relatively new trends in the tourism attraction that introduces natural prospects to the tourists with place identity, Kazeroun city due to having natural legacies in prone areas, having interesting geomorphological phenomena, varied features of climatic, and interesting ecological prospects, historical monuments, and also varied environmental features, from the perspective of the development of ecotourism and geotourism have good potential. The purpose of this study is to identify prone areas of developed ecotourism in the city. According to some factors in locating of prone areas of developed ecotourism, different informational factors prepared, such as vegetation layer, isothermal layer, the communication paths layer, reception and residential places layer, drainage layer, springs and lakes, and after digit, be processed in the Arc GIS software, and relative importance of each of the informational layer compared to each other was done through a hierarchical analysis model (AHP). Finally, according to the weights that obtained from the model and processing them, the final map of the developed ecotourism of the city was prepared. Range of places like Shapur plain, wetlands distressed, Plains Kazeroun, the mountain plain, berm plain, and Komarj having Geomorphosite shapes, the region are Geomorphosite the zoning map of the area with high and moderate attractiveness are.Results showed that ecotourism and geotourism attractions of this area have had very good potential and must be planned for the use of these attractions.

With the help of regression analysis, the relationships were detected between aerosol’s contribution to apparent reflectance (ACR) derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board Terra and hourly PM2.5 mass concentration measured at 12 ground-based locations in tehran for the summer 2010.It was shown that there was a good correlation between the هواویزه and PM2.5 (linear correlation coefficient, R=0.7). On the basis of this relationship, spatial distribution and possible sources of PM2.5 derived from MODIS were analyzed and heavily-polluted regions were found.Although MODIS ACR may contain valuable information about particulate matter but this parameter is highly affected by the atmospheric conditions where usually it is hard to acquire the weather data during many satellite overpasses.

Territorial disputes are the most common violent issues among countries which often result in prolonged wars and human and financial losses. Since the signing of Treaty of Westphalia, according to which territorial states were established, many territorial disputes appeared and disappeared. The Persian Gulf is one of the world’s regions which have experienced a lot of territorial disputes. In spite of the short history of the establishment of independent states, territorial disputes, which often arise from the establishing the nation-states in tribal territories, are the major geopolitical characteristics of this region. Although these differences have been analyzed by researchers and analysts, there are few, if any studies that have surveyed the role of regional and extra-regional powers in the creation and settlement of them. This essay, suggesting a functional model for analyzing territorial conflicts, aims to evaluate this hypothesis: In territorial disputes in the Persian Gulf region, foreign power (Britain) was the creator and regional power (Iran) was the resolved of them. This investigation reveals that the foreign powers have been major factors in creation of these disputes and, in their presence; they prevented the countries from achieving a resolution. But because of geopolitical necessities, regional powers should prevent a dispute as well as try to resolve it.