JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE FACULTY OF LETTERS AND HUMANITIES
Year:2007 | Volume:39 | Issue:4 (155)|Papers Count:16

The writer of this paper first defines symbol in relation to myth. Then, he studies myth from Levi Straus's point of view and presents examples which show that myth is a variation of narration which has first appeared in man's imagination and then has been put into different forms. The Writer finally presents two stories and compares them with those narrations which seem similar to the two. The article concludes that all these different narrations arose from one single narration that has developed by nations.

The writer of this article discusses an analysis the hypotheses of "anti-humanistic sense of the Islamic Gnosticism" and then presents the modem and humanistic dimensions of Islamic Gnosticism.

Narration and narratology has attracted the attention of many critics and researchers in diverse fields, especially in the area of literature. Analyzing text from a narrative point of view makes the researcher to reach points impossible to find if using other methods. The writer of this article has analyzed various narrations of the story of "yousef " and has also presented the similarities and differences of the story. In order to do this, he has studied this story in different texts includes The Holly Koran, Holly Bible, Tabati , Abol Fotouh, Ferdowsi and Jami.

Saadi of Shiraz is one of those Persian poets whose works and writings have had an extensive universal coverage. In the area of comparative literature and comparative studies, this Persian poet is one of those poets whose works have attracted much more attention than the works of other poets. The purpose of this study is to emphasize on the necessity of observing the principles 9f comparative literature. This article also studies and analyzes the comparative works and researches which have been done in Persian language of Saadi and his works. The article has two parts. The first part focuses on the articles and books in the area of comparative literature on Saadi. In the second part of the article, we will see the analysis of the translator's style of "Japanese Golestan" by Conco.

Although the term "Farang" (Europe) has been used in the Poetry of Khaghani and Saodi and also in the Persian poetry of the Safaid era, but the climax of the relations between Iran and Europe is in the Mashroote (constitutional) era. In this period, the western Christian culture spread in Iran and as a result, the Holy Bible found its way in Persian modern literature. This article shows the reflection of the Holy Bible in the modern Persian poetry.

Aboulghasem Al-Shahbi is one of the greatest poets of Tunisia, who has written very good pieces of poetry in his short lifetime. Although most of the critics consider him as a romantic poet, but his romanticism is something specific to him. The writer of this article intends to show that Ai-Shabi is the poet of his own romanticism and has also been successful in establishing that.

The writers of this article present an intertexual analysis of the story of a Zaatal- Sowar" castle according to Christeva's concepts surface text / generative text and symbol/sign. The analysis presented in the present article, clarifies the "otherness" of the text and challenges the structural meaning of the text.

The writer of the present article studies the sources in which both Plato and Homer have been familiar with. He then concludes that both Homer and Plato are manifestations of one truth only. Homer is the symbol of myth, poetry and epic and Plato is the symbol of logos and reason. The writer then focuses on Homer and studies his position in Greek poetry. The writer finally presents the hidden aspects of Homer taken from Iliad and odyssey.

Characters in modern novels are taken from a forgotten generation which is not so important. Modern novelists have taken the characters out of those traditional styles and structures and have given them new and fresh forms. So, his kind of character or the hero of a story cannot be clearly defined and equally his behaviors and actions cannot be analyzed. The writer of this article aims to present this kind of death of characters through examples from modern novels.

Man and woman are each others' anima and animus. According to a myth narrated by Aristophanes, man and woman are completed after they find each other. The writer of this article first discusses anima and animus that are inner feminine and masculine parts of man's and woman's personalities in. analytic psychology of C. G. Jung. He then traces the descriptive line of the above mentioned aspects in the poetical works of two contemporary poets, Shamloo and Forough and compares them.

The study of comparative Gnosticism and the reflection of Iranian Gnosticism in other cultures provide a basis in which one can recognize the base of Eastern Gnosticism and beliefs and also the Christian Gnosticism which has borrowed a lot from Iranian culture. Most of these beliefs are taken from the Iranian mythic culture and tradition, Maanis religion, Zoroaster, Islam and the views of shahab AL-Din Sohrevardi. The writer finally shows some similarities between a story written by Sohrevardi and the story of Geraol from the western literature.

The writer of this paper first introduces Labov's and Waletsky's model (1967) and then compares the twenty second book of Iliad and the epic of "Rostam and Esfandiyar" from "Shahnameh" mitten by Ferdowsi .The miter then presents the macrostructures of both of the epics according to the above mentioned model and concludes that both stories are concordant "With the mentioned model in the areas of Orientation and ending. In other words, the comparison of these two epics taken from two different cultures proves the university of Labov's model. The writer also indicates that in spite of the similarities in the two epics, there are also some differences which are apparent in both them ("Rostm and Esfandiyar" starts "With a prologue for example but the one from Iliad lacks).

American drama has continually been developing since Eugene O'Neill who is considered as the father of the modern American drama. After O'Neill, two great dramatists appeared, T. Williams and A. Miller who are considered along with O'Neill as modernist playwrights. With the appearance of Edward Albee a new kind of playwriting was introduced to the American literature which was rooting from the absurd movement in Europe. Many other dramatists appeared after Albee and wrote postmodern plays. One of the greatest of these playwrights is Sam Shepard, who developed the idea of transformation of character in his plays. The writer of this article studies Sam Shepard and presents a comprehensive coverage of the playwright and his works.