Political Quarterly
Year:2012 | Volume:42 | Issue:3|Papers Count:16

In this article authors consider literature and systematic review as a managing process in research institution and Iranian academic milieu. This kind of studies could accelerate researches. Authors propose ways and methods to do adequate literature survey in order to better management in research institutes. Current situation of Iranian academic institution is marked by overlapping researches. That’s why it is necessary to discuss new ways for overcoming this challenge. Our theoretical perspective insist on the fact that literature review is a critical documentation based on an epistemological perspective of interactive knowledge.To this end literature review should be synthetic, analytic, and evolutionary.

One of the important and serious subjects in recent decades is concentration on methodological issues and its application in various areas. Of course using of different procedures and methods has been taken into consideration by scientist from long time ago. But in recent years focus on this matter which is phenomenology has been clear through various researches. This is one of the most complicated researches in political and social sciences area: which shares specific characteristics with interpretive researches. That developed against positivism and empiricism in 19th century. Application of phenomenological research in politics opens new realms for scientists and scientific elites and creates important theoretical and methodological results. Application and clarifying of some of the methodological and epistemological of this phenomenological research in politics is the main goal of this paper. It seems that the goal of phenomenology encompasses special outcomes and can be appropriate epistemological base for political system. Paleontology genealogy methodological approach of phenomenology and its various types review of the attitudes of its researchers and tinkers and finally the consequences of phenomenological approach in political science make the main format of this article.

One of the most important and enduring questions in the sphere of Political thought is the kind of The Relationship Between Ethics and Politics. The outcome of such a debate has led to the formation and development of different perspectives.While some scholars believe that there is a practical paradox between exercising effective political power and observing ethical principles, others assume that the ethical principles and values are so dear that must rule over political power.Otherwise politics will be worthless. This paper is an attempt to evaluate The Relationship Between Ethics and Politics in Imam Ali’s View and to find a viable answer to this question.

Future of revelution is the most important issue after any revolution. Considering the importance of the futue of the Islamic revolation in Iran and the interrational pressure agints it, the present article attempts to analyze future of the Islamic revolution with serario writing method which is one of the future studies methods.Having considerd several possible sevarios, the researcher showed that regarding different paramiters, the Islamic revolution of Iran will experence growth in its future political life.

There were pivotal elements in 1978’s Islamic Revolution of Iran playing such roles which led to the derogation of Pahlavi government on one hand, and set the scene for evolution and revolutionary movement in different classes of Iranians, on the other. Recognizing and studying these factors and discovering their interactional and organic relationship as well as gaining their framework, rules and functions toward developing a special design in Islamic Revolution of Iran comprise the matter at which this article is aimed.

Conditions change and use of new and influential components in the international arena has led to countries to advance their national interests better, to place great importance on the role of public diplomacy in Foreign Policy. This Research focuses on the subject of public diplomacy in relations between Iran and the Persian- Language Countries, Afghanistan and Tajikistan, sought to answer two questions: Does the Islamic Republic of Iran in their relations with Persian- Language countries, Afghanistan and Tajikistan, considered public diplomacy or not? In addition this question “What influences had the public diplomacy of the Islamic republic of Iran in the relationships with Afghanistan and Tajikistan on political relations, economic, cultural and community with these countries? Hypotheses guide this research is that in the field of foreign policy in Iran after the revolution, dedication to public diplomacy in relations with other countries including the Persian-Language countries has been on the agenda And using this kind of diplomacy in relations with both countries to expand relations in areas of Afghanistan and Tajikistan four: political, economic, cultural, and social is.

9/11 (September) is one of the influential events in the international politics. In fact this event opens a new chapter of transaction in international relation and has been affected great powers policy and international institution in different aspects.NATO as the most important security institution in West also affected by these events. These events have been changed NATO strategy in deal with of threaten to West security. Among this 9/11 has been changed NATO enlargement process.This article examines survival and continue of NATO after the cold war trough Neorealist and Neoliberal Institutional theory, and the changes that 9/11 have in relations of transatlantic countries and Five Provision of NATO and also affects of this changes on NATO enlargement process.

At the crux of the evolution of NATO’s new missions and partnerships over the past two decade has been the question of how to deal with the Russian Federation.This remains the key question today. Therefore, this article examines the options NATO and Russia face in developing a new NATO-Russia institutional framework.The Article begins with a brief outline of enlargement of NATO towards East and then tries to discuss the Russia’s relations with NATO institutions since 1991.The second section assesses the implications of the terrorist attacks of September 11 on Russia-NATO relations. Russia’s perceptions of the new threats (including global terrorism, instability in Eurasia and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery) and how to counter them are analyzed. The third section of the paper examines the options for the development of future NATO Russia Relations. As our final conclusion, it could be stated that the NATO & Russia have reached to some consensual points. NATO tries to understand and respect the Russian red lines and Moscow accepts the progressive enlargement of NATO.

After the Soviet Union in newly independent Georgia, the location of his gate and called the Caucasus since this position tremendous impact on how relations with Russia and the West had in this country is a way to attack the topic Georgian forces in South Ossetia in 2008. MD, the severe Russian reaction to Georgia’s pro-West thought it had occurred, the incidence of and despite media efforts and practical West, this conflict will actually benefit Russia by. The strategic location of Georgia study the effect of policies towards the Russian Federation Russia competition - West Georgia in the topic and some other strategic issues will tell the Caucasus region.

China and South East Asian countries have economic growth in recent years and in this regard they have been forced to interact and collaborate. However, despite the relative value of economic ties and similarities and geographical proximity, the challenge of “threat perception” from china is actually an obstacle to the development of comprehensive cooperation with the neighbor countries in South East Asia. Aim of this paper is to understand the roots of “threat perception” from China among the countries of South East Asia. Hypothesis of this article is that ideological differences, border disputes and economical contexts are the main factors of genesis “threat perception” of China and in the final section of the article points to responses that China applies for reduce this perception.

The category of citizenship depends on happening in difference social contexts, has been distanced various evolutions, that is in each terms, the relationships between structure and it`s elements (factors), has been differed. The world citizen is a concept that is result of rethinking in structure elements of the modern citizenship that accepts for himself some parameters such as world identity, rights, duties, extent of action and social contexts. The basic and important question in this article is: “The idea of citizenship how much effects on the evolutions of globalization and postmodernism and finally what was the results of it? The hypothesis of writers in this paper is in the following sentence: “Attaining to “World Citizen” in postmodernism term and in the social context of globalization is the last stage of citizenship evolution.”

Strategic behavior of America has been changed a lot after cold war. Soft power as one of the main principles in foreign and security policies of America has been noted by neoliberals and nowadays using military tools in regional conflicts has lost its importance. Soft power is the main tool for soft war of America in counties with geopolitical importance.Using soft power has provided the background for the benign imperialism.Neoliberals emphasize that using hard power cause periodic crisis in American capitalism system. Behavior of America in many countries of east Europe, Georgia, Middle Asia and Middle East indicates the application of soft war in security policies of America in geopolitical regions.The aim of this study was to evaluate soft war issue in developing countries.Countries which known as broke countries in foreign policy of America are exposed to soft war.

Republicanism can introduced as confrontation with Liberalism with emphasizing on social goods and common goal of community members, active political participation of community in order to critical element in good life and recognizing freedom over than negative freedom and non-interference of society in private life.In two last final of twentieth century, defects of utilitarianstic and deontological Liberalism was criticized rely on reviving the tradition of Republicanism. Currently, this tradition has increasingly developed in connection with ideology of civic virtue prospect within communitarianism.The claim of this research is that “Communitarianistic Republicanism with developing Adjustments in the basic assumptions of radical Communitarianism, in supportive policy try to Prevent social disintegration with Identifying both continuities and differences. This policy avoid the majority of the alleged imposition of cultural values and suggest discussion and open dialogue in order to the way for thoughtful review in cultural community wealth”. Nevertheless, domination of the political process in social process on supportive policy is also considered as the fundamental challenge in theoretical perspective and Models of cultural policy- social.

In this article, the Nietzsche, s superman and the “perfect man” by iqbal lahoori are compared to the find and share their differences and similarities. Both philosophers have an innovative new approach to the “ideal man”. Nietzsche is one of the most well known conetemporary philosophers in the west and iqbal lahoori is the most well known conetemporary philosophers in the west. “superman” and “perfect man” are the most significant product of their thought. The present article tries to out line and compare the main idea and ideals of the philosopher about the promised man upon which there is more consensus.

This book examines how beliefs shape leaders’ perceptions of reality and lead to cognitive and motivated biases that distort, block, and recast incoming information from the environment. Using content analysis and formal modeling methods associated with quantitative operational code analysis, contributors analyze how beliefs affect policies related to international security and international political economy.