RESEARCH ON ADDICTION
Year:2015 | Volume:9 | Issue:34|Papers Count:13

Objective: The present study was an attempt to explore the relationship of addiction potential and resilience with mental vitality.Method: This was a descriptive-correlational study. Lordegan Payame Noor University students constituted the population of this study. Then, the number of 172 students was selected as the participants via random sampling and responded to Resilience, Addiction Potential, and Mental Vitality questionnaires.Results: Data analysis indicated that resilience and mental vitality were negatively correlated with addiction potential. Furthermore, the results showed that resilience and mental vitality were predicators of addiction potential.Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that mental vitality and resilience are one of the factors effective in the generation of potential for substance use in individuals.

Objective: This study was an attempt to compare cognitive functioning in substance abusers and addicts under methadone treatment with normal individuals.Method: The current study was a causal-comparative one. The statistical population of this research consisted of all male substance abusers who had referred to addiction treatment centers of Khoy city in 2013. The total of 40 addicts under methadone treatment, 40 active drug users, and 40 non-addicts were selected as the participants of this study via convenience sampling method. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Wechsler Memory Scale were administered to the three groups for data collection purposes.Results: The results showed that the substance abusers’ scores in Wisconsin card sorting test and Wechsler memory scale were significantly different from those of addicts under methadone treatment and normal individuals. In the same way, there was a significant difference between addicts under methadone treatment and normal individuals in terms of cognitive function; however, there was no significant difference between these two groups in terms of perseveration error.Conclusion: It can be concluded that chronic use of psychoactive substances causes damage to multiple brain regions such as prefrontal cortex and hippocampus and, thereby, it leads to cognitive malfunctioning in these areas.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of family function, generation gap and socioeconomic status in addictability of young people.Method: The number of 400 male students from State, Azad and Payam Noor universities was selected through voluntary sampling. Then, they filled out Addiction Susceptibility Questionnaire, Family Assessment Device, and Generation Gap Scale.Results: The results showed that there was a significant correlation between most factors of predictor variables and addictability. The proposed model has a desired goodness of fit with data and it I possible to use family function, generation gap and socioeconomic status to account for addictability of young people.Conclusion: Family function and generation gap can explain addiction susceptibility and, thereby, attention to this matter can lead to the proposal of some recommendations for addiction prevention and treatment.

Objective: This study was an attempt to predict addiction potential based on family process and content model in high school students.Method: The research method in this study was a descriptive-correlational one. All the high school students of Karaj city in the academic year 2012-2013 constituted the statistical population of the study. From this population, the number of 410 participants was selected through random cluster sampling. The research instruments here included Addiction Potential Scale (Zargar, 2006), Family Process Scale (Samani, 2007) and Family Content Scale (Samani, 2007).Results: The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the predictor variables and criterion variable. In addition, the results of regression analysis showed that the family process and content model can predict addiction potential.Conclusion: The research results have several applied implications.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of self-encouragement training in mental health of Tehran women with addicted husbands.Method: A quasi-experimental method along with pre-test/post-test and control group was used for this study. The sample consisted of 20 women with drug-dependent spouses (in Pak Andishan Rehab Clinic of Tehran) who were selected on a voluntary basis and, then, were randomly assigned to two 10-person experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 10 self-encouragement training sessions and, then, both groups were assessed by general health questionnaire.Results: The results of this study showed that training sessions had a significant impact on mental health.Conclusion: Self-encouragement training sessions can result in an increase in mental health.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of dialectic behavior therapy on the reduction of impulsiveness in women with comorbidity of borderline personality disorders and substance abuse.Method: An experimental single system research design using multiple baselines was employed for this study. Based on the structured diagnostic interview and entry criteria, four participants among female patients with borderline personality disorders and substance abuse were selected via purposive sampling method. All four subjects received twelve dialectic behavior therapy sessions. Then, Impulsiveness Bart Scale (IBS) was used to measure impulsiveness.Results: Dialectic behavior therapy led to the significant reduction of impulsiveness scores in women with borderline personality disorders and substance abuse. Graphs pertaining to the effectiveness and effect size indicate a significant decrease in participants’ impulsiveness.Conclusion: Dialectic behavior therapy interventions can contribute to the decrease of impulsiveness and bring about desired practical implications in the treatment and prevention of substance abuse.

Objective: The current study was aimed at examining the effectiveness of metacognitive group therapy in substance withdrawal and its stability.Method: Pre-test and post-test along with control group were employed for the conduct of this study. The study population consisted of all addicts who had referred to rehab centers in Tabriz in the second half of 2013 and the first half of 2014. Then, the number of 50 participants was selected via random sampling method, 25 participants received metacognitive intervention and 25 participants constituted the control group. McMullin Addiction Thought Scale, Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale, and Attitude to Addiction Scale were administered to the participants. In addition, metacognitive group therapy was carried out in eight 60-minute sessions.Results: The results showed that metacognitive group therapy decreased attitude towards addiction and increased tendency to change and addiction treatment.Conclusion: Metacognitive group therapy is one of the treatment methods effective in attitudes toward addiction and tendency to change and treatment.

Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of psychodrama therapy in relapse prevention (RP) and the reduction of depression among opiate-dependent male patients.Method: A quasi-experimental research design along with pre-post tests and follow-up and control group was employed for this study. Using convenience sampling method, the number of 20 opiate-dependent men who had referred to addiction treatment clinics in Kermanshah (Iran) and successfully passed detoxification program was randomly selected as the participants of the study. The experimental group participated in a twelve-session therapy plan during six weeks. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used for data collection purposes.Results: The results of ANCOVA revealed the existence of a significant difference between the two groups in the post-test and follow-up scores.Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be argued that psychodrama intervention can be used as an effective program in the reduction of depression and relapse prevention among opiate-dependent men.

Objective: This study was an attempt to investigate the effectiveness of group psychotherapy of transactional analysis in the reduction of craving beliefs, cognitive emotion regulation, and adjustment of attachment styles.Method: This was an experimental study along with pre-test and post-test and control group. The study population consisted of all male drug addicts who had referred to Tehran rehab clinics in 2004. A total of 30 drug-dependent persons were selected as the participants of the study using convenience sampling method and, then, were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. For data collection purposes, Craving Beliefs Questionnaire, Adult Attachment Scale, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used. Group psychotherapy of transactional analysis was carried out during ten 90-minute sessions.Results: The results of analysis of covariance showed that therapy of transactional analysis can reduce craving beliefs, self-blame, rumination, catastrophizing, other-blame, and insecure attachment styles; and increase positive refocusing, refocusing on planning, positive reappraisal, perspective taking, acceptance, and secure attachment styles.Conclusion: Considering that drug-dependent individuals are more exposed to negative emotions, they are likely to act haphazardly and impulsively in such situations. Therefore, teaching transactional analysis to these people can increase the control rate in stressful situations.

Objective: The present study was an attempt to examine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based group cognitive therapy in reducing depression and obsessive rumination among women under methadone treatment.Method: A quasi-experimental research design along with pretest-posttest design and a control group were employed to conduct this study. Considering inclusion criteria, a total of 24 female substance abusers who were under methadone treatment were selected from Omide Farda and Javeneh Sabz clinics in Mashhad via purposive sampling method. The experimental group received eight training sessions of mindfulness-based group cognitive therapy, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Two scales, namely obsessive rumination scale and Beck’s depression questionnaire were used for data collection purposes.Results: Results of analysis of covariance showed that mindfulness-based group cognitive therapy has reduced obsessive rumination and depression scores.Conclusion: Mindfulness-based group cognitive therapy can be included in intervention programs for substance abusers.