GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL OF TERRITORY
Year:2014 | Volume:10 | Issue:40|Papers Count:7

The purpose of this article is evaluation in of Malayer City based on improvements indicators, (economic, social, somatic, and environmental) The used method in this thesis is a combination of analyzing and case -field method. It’s a functional-developing research and its study range is of Malayer City with 2280 hectare area and 159848 population, which was performed in 1392, Findings of this research, showed, although Malayer has moved toward more improvement recently but it didn’t have brilliant success in achieving dimensions of suitable improvement and during this period instability rate of some areas of Malayer has been increased moreover, just 7 neighborhoods of 23 neighborhoods are in the sustainability situation and are in 0.71-1 range and other neighborhoods are in half sustainability situation with 0.41-0.70 range and other neighborhoods are in unsustainable situation with the rang of 0-0.40. also, there is a huge difference among different parts of city according to having human development index (HDI) that based on economic indexes (MAX-MIN=153.5) is so critical and is less in environmental index (MAX-MIN=87.88) so This situation indicates the importance of stability in urban development specially a deep gap between the most sustainable area and the least one shows the unsuitable distribution of uses, lack of social justice, lowness of life quality and welfare in most of the areas of the city. study of urban development indicators in Malayer showed that Malayer can be placed as half- suitable city.

The goal of this study is to determine the temperature on time scales of years, seasons, months, and its relation to the rate of evapotranspiration and crop water requirement of cotton in Sabzevar city. The minimum climatic data of temperature, the mean average and maximum temperature, wind, solar radiation, relative humidity and rainfall from the archives of meteorological synoptic stations Sabzevar 56-year period (2010-1956), was received. In order to investigate the thermal parameters of the test I was Man Kendall and Sen Stimstor. For estimating evapotranspiration and water requirement of the crop watts were used. The results showed that the rate of increase of temperature trends in Sabzevar city is strong and it’s maximum to minimum temperature, because in all three scale annual, seasonal and monthly maximum increase in this parameter is observed. Behavior similar to the behavior of the minimum average mean temperature. Seasonal temperature trends follow the trend of the increasing trend in annual minimum temperature is remarkable. Evaluation of evapotranspiration rates for the study period may indicate a trend in this parameter. Maximum amount on monthly evapotranspiration due to the occurrence of maximum temperature in July and August and the lowest was in January. Cotton crop irrigation requirements estimated using a model W for each year showed that over the period studied, the average irrigation requirement is 1371.83 mm. Meaningful verification process to increase the water requirement by 95% for the tests I Man Kendall and age of the plant, respectively. Maximum water requirement was estimated at flowering and boll development. In general we can say at this station increasing the temperature increases the rate of evaporation and transpiration. The cotton crop irrigation requirements are calculated based on the estimated evapotranspiration during the study period in the time scale, long-term and short-term increased.

Main objective of this research is comparison between pyroclastic of Malar and Raynah valleys in Yakhar basin in south-east of Damavand volcano. studing of pyroclastic is very important in recognition of Dmavand volcano. this research is based on descriptive-analytical and using Rayneh Topographic map and Geological map of Damavand, G.P.S AND G.I.S Software. A characteristic of the Reyneh deposite is that clasts below 10 cm are mostly light grey and vescular when broken open, while most larger clasts are dark grey to black. Mallar deposite is whiter than Ryneh pumicemost of mallar pumices are fall but most of reyenah pumices are flow. volume of lahar is more in reyenah.

For many years, urban centers encounter complex problems such as premature aging, brown lands and reducing safety and have always engaged thinking professionals, urban planners and policy makers. One theory that has received much attention in recent years is infill development. in short, this approach proceeds to development in inside of area and redevelopment in area by using of its inner potential The aim of this study is investigation and evaluation of infill development plans in old textures and introduction of lands and textures with high potential for implementing infill development. In this study by using of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) we achieve prioritizing and ranking of urban blocks which represent the areas with the highest potential of infill development in the neighborhood.

Rural development planning is a basic factor of development for each country, therefore one of the most important task of rural planners are to find optimal solution for rural areas development based on there capabilities and potentials. The research matter is Analysis of Astara’s villages service Grading according to Mouris model for developmental alternatives. Methodology of this paper is descriptive-analytical approach and information gathered by combinational method (documental & action studies). In this research development is dependent variable. The independent variable include: infrastructural facilities such as water, gas, light, and general facilities such as health, teaching, official services.The article has shown interesting relationship among length and development level, population and development level, that in the first level (upper than 1000 persons) and third level (under 100 persons) exist direct relation. Finally contribute some suggestions as following:-To make high level services for villages and increasing their satisfaction.-To share with NGO about rural development.

Speaking about marine borders is one of the important subjects in geopolitic. Every coastal country tries to establish a sovereignty on own marine because of relation ship with the marine borders of neigh bors. Iran for the first time in 1313 took necessary actions for sovereignty on own marine borders in there by approving laws about limitetion of coastal seas and areas. In spite of many coastal borders and energic sources of Iran in persian gulf, notonly sovereignty of marine border, of Iran the other countries, Iraq, Kuwait, United Arabic Emirates, dident be limited but also, caused some politic chalengs in national security of Iran since, one of the most important and opposition of interest of coastal governments is more in exclusive region and continental shelf. This assay wants to review sovereignty directions and definition of it in persian gulf and hormoz strait. So, this project is limited in library, for more considering international law converntions must be analized in contents before analizing contents of inter law about sovereignty of Iran at the persian gulf, then apporinonties and chalenges of sovereignty of Iran will be analized and studied.

The rich biodiversity of Iran at the center of cross road of Asia/Africa and Europe has been damaged very much just because of industrial pollutions, vast urban area, trashes, UN controllable grassing, jungle and desert alleviation, and soil erosion. Water has been a critical matter in Iran because of men destructive activities. Uremia lake_the biggest lake in the Middle East_has been dried completely. Uremia Lake located in 45 to 46 longitudes and 37 to 38.5 altitudes. This lake is one of the biggest Lake in Iran plateau. UNISCO declared the lake a world heritage site. Because of having unique and beautiful natural attractions. Uremia Lake is the second beautiful lake in the World for its flora, fauna and attractions. Its one the best example of Sustainable Tourism. The aim of this research is study of water shortage in the lake and offering the best proposal for saving it. This research is descriptive and the data has been gathered through the valid book and documents and has been analysis descriptively. The results of researches show that water of Urmia Lake decreased 6 miters during 13 years. The main reasons are: dedicating %90 of water for agriculture use. development Planning for the area, for the area, using water for cities, villages, lack of good and efficient management, lack of good pattern of Plantation, hot weather and evaporation, and using Too much of underground water supplies digging wells. The situation of Urmia Lake is showing lack of planning and proper civil projects.