PAZHUHESH NAME-YE QURAN VA HADITH
Year:2008 | Volume:2 | Issue:3|Papers Count:9

The truth emphasized by the Quran and Sunna that the sustenance is destined is not contradictory to encouragement to attempt and expediency for receiving sustenance, for man's effort is itself an influential factor in the sustenance being distend by the Almighty God. Another point is that despite all actions in the world- including those in which man's free will interferes- being destined by God, especial emphasis is made upon the sustenance being destined. Its secret seems to be the less influence of man's attempt upon designation of sustenance compared to other destined things in which man's free will interferes. The special designation of sustenance from the Almighty God is raised from some such profound wisdom as tawhid, examining surrender, examining appreciation, strengthening faith, and chance giving.

Jews believe that the Pentateuch is a unified book conveyed to man through revelation. They also hold that through selecting some hermeneutic principles one can achieve more profound meanings of it preparing the ground for applying those laws more completely. The most well-known of such laws are rules of Rabi Ishmaeel. The present essay deals with comparison of those rules with similar rules in the Islamic sciences.

Among demonstrations of proving existence of God is the way of heart or fitra (nature), which is an intellectual attempt on the basis of Quranic essentials in order to make God's existence be proved easier. Islamic thinkers, however, have presented different analyses of fitra and the knowledge of God being natural. Presenting various definitions and analyses, the present essay attempts to investigate their strength and weakness points. As a result of the research, this demonstration, as an independent one, is treated as undefended in its all facets; rather, first it is interpreted as the Demonstration of the Most-truthful formulated by Mulla Sadra on the basis of the existence and then Quranic verses are explained on that ground.

Among assertion styles used frequently in the Quran is ta'rid. Nowadays ta'rid is recognized as one kind of metonymy, but in the past, having a relatively important status in the Quranic exegesis, it was used in some other meanings - sometimes as a synonym of metonymy. Ta'rid means to speak indirectly and implicitly. The present essay attempts to investigate and indicate semantic transformations of that expression and, while explaining its significance and eloquence, expound kinds of ta'rid as well as its status in interpreting Quranic verses.

Writer's major concern in this essay is that how one can bring various, and sometimes contradictory, Quranic readings together. Do Shi'a Jurists treat seven-fold readings as mutawatir and valid? Which of the well-known readings is authorized in the prayer? What should one do if different readings affect juristic precepts? In order to answer those questions, the seven readers are briefly introduced first, perspectives of Shia jurists whether or not seven-fold readings are authorized are presented and criticized secondly, and while kinds of different readings are drawn in order to recognize the correct reading, the opinions of three outstanding Quranic scholars are mentioned finally.

The present essay deals with investigation if atmosphere of early Muslim society concerning apostasy. Juristic definition of apostasy, significance of clarifying the subject, its background in pre-Islamic great religions, and analytic-historical investigation of Quranic verses of apostasy are among subjects surveyed in this essay.

A science which assists in understanding meanings and real purposes of hadiths and affects their comprehension is that of causes of hadith. This science affects hadith comprehension due to this point that some hadiths are said by the holy prophet because of certain causes, conditions, and situations whose neglecting leads to hadith misunderstanding. Although causes of hadith have an old background, it is not dealt with properly. The present essay attempts to investigate some respective topics of the said science.