ENVIRONMENTAL BASED TERRITORIAL PLANNING (AMAYESH)
Year:2018 | Volume:10 | Issue:39 |Papers Count:10

Sustainable urban development, a large-scale and complex ideas that affect the growth and development of cities, economic, social, environment-focused on environmental and ecological development. What is important today is the awareness of the strengths and weaknesses of the social, economic, environmental-environmental and ecological development. The present study examined Mahabad’s municipality districts and neighborhoods, based on indicators of social, economic, environmental, and physical services to identify the community's level of sustainability. This research with regard to its type is applied research and, with respect to the method deployed, it is descriptive research. The model was analyzed utilizing the ELECTRE and AHP and Expert Choice software and Arc GIS in order to determine the stable neighborhoods. The overall results indicate that the studied districts of Mahabad were clearly ranked upon the characteristics under investigation. These municipality areas are ranked and explained in further details in this study.

Experiences in Iran and in the world have shown imperative, unilateral, top-down programs without intervention of the people (as the main beneficiaries of the programs) give no way. Instead of improving living condition and public satisfaction, such programs lead to their distrust and frustration towards the desired management of the urban affairs by urban managers. Thus considering such facts, it is necessary to seek help from participation strategies and at higher levels, from participation and empowerment of local communities and being involved non-governmental forces (citizens, private sector, landowners, etc.). Current research is applied in terms of purpose of the study and it is descriptive – analytical in terms of research method and data were collected through studies of the library documents and field studies. Data were analyzed using IBMSPSS version 20 and statistical measures such as Descriptive Statistics: Frequencies, Descriptive, Explore were used for calculating frequency, frequency percentage, cumulative frequency and means. In inferential statistics, data were analyzed using such tests as correlation, Chi-square and Wilcoxon. Finally considering subject of the thesis, some recommendations were given for promotion of public participation in Dare Shahr (in terms of 1. Support and assistance to municipalities, 2. Participation in civic activities, 3. Willingness to participate with municipalities, 4. Urban health and organizing nuisance classes and pollution of the city, 5. Public Services and welfare, 6. Social, cultural and religious 7.landscaping and visual aesthetics and the city’s lighting). Results obtained from the questionnaire from 7 indices in Dare Shahr city as output of Chi-square test are reported. It should be noted that the obtained results were approved by Wilcoxon test. It shows that considering urban managers of Dare Shahr neglect toward public participation, but citizens of Dare Shahr have high willingness and capacity for participation in urban affairs and urban managers should provide necessary grounds for full scale participation of all public forces. Finally, optimal strategies for overcoming the problem were provided. Diagrams were also drawn in Microsoft Excel 2010. Statistical society included the whole population of Dare Shahr and sample size was estimated as 366 through Cochran formula. Then survey and questionnaire were used for collecting needed data from Dare Shahr people.

Favorable urban government takes a deconstructive approach towards urban development planning and adopts the communicative urbanization model through the cooperation and interaction among the major actors in urban management; that is, the civil society, the government and the private sector. It seems, therefore, that the institution of the urban management which comprises of the municipality and the city council in Iran can be one of the best mechanisms for the favorable urban government to be possible. The present study aims to define and to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the favorable urban government. It will also present a series of indices for the development of favorable urban government in Iran and will study these indices in terms of urban management in Malayer, Iran. The approach adopted in the present study is descriptive-analytic. The data has been analyzed using IBMSPSS and Excel and the variables have been evaluated using the Likert scale. Results signify low levels of all the favorable urban government indices except for the cooperation index in Malayer.

Sustainable urban development, as the most important matter of today urban planning, is on the principle that a city space is formed in the neighborhood and continues on its base; so neighborhood development is considered as the key action to achieve sustainable development. In this way, assessment of the sustainability is considered as an effective step towards achieving urban sustainability with the use of various indicators in urban neighborhoods. The purpose of this study is assessment and comparative analysis of sustainability in old and new neighborhoods in Kerman, and it is a combination of remained neighborhoods of the previous periods and new urban developments, due to its historical development. Meanwhile each of these two neighborhoods, based on their conditions and characteristics, represent the degree of adaptation with principles of sustainable development. The descriptive-analytical method is used in this research and the results of this research are practical-developmental. In this study, five dimensions of sustainability were evaluated in 49 indicators, after reviewing the literature and exploratory studies in Kerman areas, including environmental, physical- spatial, socio-cultural, economic and institutional-political. After completing the questionnaire, methods and statistical techniques have been used to analyze the sustainability level, such as Pearson, single-sample T-test, K2 test, Regression analysis in Spss software, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results have shown that the most stable dimension is the economic one in both neighborhoods. In general, the sustainaability in the old and new urban neighborhoods in Kerman is lower than the average value and Malek Mosque (old urban neighborhood) is in a worse situation than Motahari (new urban neighborhood).

The main aim of creating new towns in Iran, is decentralization of big cities with a certain overflow. In order to achieve this goal, the creation of new cities independent with high quality of life is one of the dominant ideas of urban planning professionals. In order for measuring quality of life in these towns we can evaluate the success of these cities to achieve the predetermined goals. The purpose of this study was to measure the quality of life in Andisheh new town from the perspective of citizens. The new town of Andisheh having an area of 1, 495 hectares is located in a triangle in the city of Shahriar, 30 km West of Tehran, 3 km northwest of the city of Shahriar and 7 km southeast of the city is Karaj. The research method is descriptive – analytical and survey. The statistical society of this research is the Andisheh new town residents that randomly are chosen for a 321 sample by using Cochran formula. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire. To achieve certain results in this study, the researcher used the 31 indicators in 6 domains of social, economic, physical-environmental, welfare-services and facilities and urban infrastructure. Descriptive and inferential analysis of the data was done using IBMSPSS software. For inferential analysis the Spearman correlation test, Chi-square test, U - White Straw, Krskal Wallis, Wilcoxon univariate regression were deployed. The results showed despite being successful in attracting the city's population, the citizens of most of the indicators related to quality of life in the new city thought they were not satisfied. And the reason why the current success of the city's population is the high quality of life in this town. According to city residents in terms of satisfaction rate of quality of life there are different between men and women. There isn’t significant relationship between age and life satisfaction A difference in quality of life is statistically significant between the groups of job. Furthermore, it was found that the time of residing isn’t effective on satisfaction rate and the quality of life in Andisheh new town.

Today, security is one of the characteristics of social life in cities and social damage is the most consequence of the lack of security. Identifying factors contributing to the promotion of safe public spaces as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of the factors identified in this study is the main objective. In this paper, Analytical- description research has been applied. Field research has been used in the present research. The population of this paper consists of Amol parks goers (citizens at the park) are randomly selected for a sample of about 150 people. The validity of the questionnaire was determined by experts. Assessing their reliability was done with Cronbach's alpha. In order to test the research hypotheses, statistical methods such as T- test and Friedman test were used. The results showed that the four components of the functional, aesthetic, environmental, and social, in order of importance, are effective to enhance the security of urban parks of Amol.

Changes in human society, from Pre-modern societies to modern societies depends on the complexity, density and interconnectedness of social relations. Social trust, expand community has made. Without trust we cannot see social order, balance, solidarity and social cohesion in the society. Trust as one of the pre-conditions for comprehensive development of any society is essential. With the expansion of trust we can replace positive moral values with the negative ones. According to the idea of Giddens more distance between people will make more need of trust. Changing a traditional society in to modern causes that the modern people redefine the trust network and radius of it. The Theorist like Jacobs think that the urban spaces has an important role in making the face to face relations. The aim of this study is the investigation of the urban spaces role in the formation of social trust. Sample size determined by Morgan table.150 Questionnaire completed in Chamran. Spss software was used for data analysis. According to the questionnaire and literature study Indexing was done. The correlation coefficient, multiple regression with enter method and factor analysis were used to analyze the data. Regression analysis showed that the selected variables in urban areas have an important role in the formation of social trust. Using factor analysis, it was found that the radius of trust and physical qualities the most influence in the development and increase of social trust in urban areas. The results between content and form showed that the content plays a dominant role in the formation of social trust.

Walking and enhancing walkability in the neighborhood areas may lead to increase security and social relations, accesses, neighborhood identity, the sense of community, neighborhood quality and to reduce environmental quality such as noise and air pollution. This study was to answer the question that how the walking capability is in the city of Rasht in Guilan. In terms of practical goal, descriptive_ analytical essence, and data collection the current study is on the basis of library research and field work. For this purpose, first walking capability indicators of old and new communities were investigated. Each was compared by standard rules then optimal strategies to improve the walkability of aforementioned areas were presented. Residents of 5 new and 5 old neighborhoods that have a population of 124382 thousands were selected as a statistical society. By using Cochran formula a sample of 366 residents out of population were reselected. In this regard, because of the proximity of the number of new (61722 people) and old communities (62660 people), 183 questionnaires in new and 183 questionnaire in old neighborhoods were completed. In order to understand the gap between studied indices of residents of new and old neighborhoods, due to the nature of interval data, an independent T-Test was used. T-Test results determine that in many of the components between the two communities (respondents) there is a significant difference. In general it can be claimed that according to the field studies, as well as respondents new neighborhood in most cases than the old ones have better conditions in terms of walking capability.