JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
Year:2018 | Volume:10 | Issue:3 |Papers Count:8

Since corruption in higher education is a pervasive phenomenon that educational systems have always been involved with and paid heavily for it, The purpose of the present study is formulating a non-corruption university model based on upstream documents and the laws and regulations of the higher education system in order to pursue the key mission of the higher education system and to improve its quality. This study is an applied research that has been done through qualitative content analysis method and based on the deductive approach of textual content, upstream documents related to higher education are analyzed as communicated strategies, and corresponding concepts are derived in the form of open and axial codes. In the first section, 77 examples of the set of laws on higher education in the country were selected through non-probabilistic and targeted sampling, so a typology of the rules of the higher education system was presented. In the second section, by analyzing the content of the 7 upstream documents of higher * Corresponding author: maryam. ghaedi12@gmail. com education, and deriving of the obligatory statements for universities and institutes, 19 main codes are extracted and grouped in four axes. These are: management and policy approach in higher education, providing infrastructure and financial resources, training of committed and expert human resources and policy implementation, which monitoring and evaluation of these has led to a model based on the standards of upstream documents in higher education. Finally, some suggestions for implementing this model are proposed.

The aim of this article is to analyze the relationship between technology and ethical values, and to demonstrate that technological artifacts are not ethically neutral, but rather can be morally assessed. To do so, it is referred to two Dutch philosophers of technology, namely (Ibo) van de Poel and Peter-Paul Verbeek. According to Poel’ s view function and side-effects of artifacts can be related to ethical values, accordingly, artifacts can embody values, and in practice lead to the supervenience of values. On the basis of Verbeek’ s opinion, artifacts affect human action and perception. This effect can be ethically assessed, and technological design bringing about virtuous life for human beings can be suggested. At last, with the aid of a critical analysis of what was stated, it is tried to present a consistent proposal, according to which technological artifacts are in a sense good or bad, and design ethics is defensible.

Currently about 20 recombinants of biopharmaceuticals are produced in Iran only after less than 20 years of the beginning of sporadic activities in this field. Iran has exceptional growth in this area which led to the emergence of an independent industry. In these twenty years several companies have been established and Iran managed to be the second ranked in the world in the production of some of the special biopharmaceuticals. In this article, we considered the emergence of the biopharma industry in Iran as a special case study and investigated the case through a qualitative exploratory study. We collected the experimental data conducting 30 exploratory semi-structured interviews and analyzed it using thematic analysis methodology. Our results show small and powerful communities among middle managers at university and government has led to the collective institutional entrepreneurship between government and academics, and this is the starting point for the emergence of the biopharma industry in Iran. In addition, the present paper shows that intermediary institutions played three important roles in the emergence of this industry in Iran: 1) Creating a state – academic society embeddedness; 2) Building community among institutional entrepreneurs; 3) Facilitating the financing processes and establishing international networks.

The study of the competence of technology entrepreneurs as the heart of technological business is one of the main areas of research in the field of technological entrepreneurship. However, in the dominant rationalistic view in this studies, technology entrepreneurs’ competence is seen as constituted by a specific set of components used in performing particularly given functions. In the present study, phenomenology is proposed and explored as an interpretive methodology alternative to this view, which is more compatible with technology entrepreneurship. Findings showed that the nature of the competence required for technology entrepreneurship is emergent, holistic, and relational. Also, the findings of this study suggest that technology entrepreneurs’ way of conceiving the entrepreneurship specifies which competence’ s components they develop and what meaning these components take. Our research provides technology entrepreneurs with an understanding of competence when creating and development of their businesses. Moreover, education services, identification of technology entrepreneurs in accelerators, and venture capital and business angels’ investment can be enhanced based on information gathered in this study.

Technology valuation of entrepreneurs is one of the most critical challenges for financing them through the venture capital (VC) financing process. During the financing process and with the gradual identification of uncertainties, it is desirable for the investor to achieve the rights to terminate, increase or decrease the amount of his investment by exercising an option to abandon, expand, or contract. On the other hand, it is reasonable that by granting such rights to the investor, the entrepreneur requests a higher value for the relevant technology. In this paper, by reviewing the literature, and also by using the experts’ opinions, real options analysis (ROA) has been proposed for technology valuation during the VC financing process. Also, unlike previous researches that have utilized the compound options, an "option to choose" is used to apply investors’ flexibilities during the commercialization stage and contribute to determine the amount of value added to encourage the entrepreneur for granting the mentioned rights to the investor. Finally, by observing the results of technology valuation for one case study through the proposed method and the attainment of a value-added about 4. 36 billion rials compared with the traditional discounted cash flow (DCF) method, it became clear that the calculations of a real case are consistent with the reasoning.

In higher education policy making, sabbatical leave can be considered as an important tool for professional development of faculty members and for improving the quality of the university. The present study was conducted with an interpretive approach with the purpose of narrative analysis of scientific experiments of faculty members from studying the periods of sabbatical leave and their impact on professional development. Data was collected using a contingency interview. Research potential contributors were university faculty members who had at least one study experience opportunity. Sampling was done purposefully. After interviewing 25 participants, the data were categorized as inductive and based on thematic analysis using Nvivo10 software. The narratives suggested that the members of the delegation could use the experiences that provided them thesabbatical leave in the first place changes in their personal lifestyle and their attitudes that having a long-term program for themselves and their family, investing in children overseas, In the field of academic can the desire to do group work and promote it at the university, compilation of books and top scientific articles, improvement of teaching skills and familiarity with students' academic needs, being known as an associate with universities External was the benefits of these experiences. Participants also reflected the challenges of sabbatical Leave in terms of individual and organizational challenges. Research findings recommends taking measures to create the infrastructure for implementing the innovations and professors' experiences in order to create the enthusiasm of the faculty members to gain knowledge of their specialty and to increase these opportunities in higher education institutions as a factor in promoting the academic indices of the university. Simple and persistent regulations should be considered in the event of changes in managerial positions.