Journal of Iranian Cultural Research
Year:2016 | Volume:9 | Issue:1 (33)|Papers Count:14

In city planning, a fundamental point is to evaluate the city image. The concept of city image is multidimensional. This study evaluate the city image of Tehran and its consequences. Tehran regenerates for many years. This modernization process creates new city image, urban identity and new relationship between residents. This study has qualitative approach. Interview and thematic analysis used for collective and analyses data from 20 citizens. This sample selected equally from north and south of Tehran as developed and undeveloped urban region. Conceptual framework consist Blasé outlook of Simmel, meaning of memory and city of Benjamin and concepts of alienation and spaces of representation in Lefebvre theory. Findings reveal that process of regeneration destroys memories of citizens. They can’t relate with new urban spaces. Regeneration makes separation image from north and south of Tehran. Residents of south feel sense of deprivation, exclusion and inequality. Interviewees miss their human relationship like neighbors, so they feel loneliness. Totally, elements of city image of residents show alienated sense of place in Tehran.

Gender roles defined as the patterns of behavior which are approved by society and culture. In other words gender role is the way men and women doing to recognition as feminine and masculine and culture, and society accepted and encourage those behaviors as appropriate behavior for men and women. Present study aimed to study gender role attitude using Islamic gender role attitude scale. A sample of 400 male and female students at public universities including Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran University and the University of Kurdistan was drawn. Respondents were selected using random sampling method and data were collected with questionnaire. Results revealed that there were no traditional gender role attitude among students and all the respondents have professional and liberal attitude toward gender roles. There were significant gender differences between male and female in gender role attitude so that female students have more liberal attitude. In terms of ethnicity there were gender differences in Fars and Lur attitude, so that male have professional and female have liberal attitude. Among Kurdish respondents, male and female have liberal attitude while among Turkish, both male and female have traditional-professional attitude.

In today's society, body management in the sense of continual manipulation in the visual aesthetics has been expanded dramatically. Body is a very important issue theoretically and practically and many studies have addressed it. Moreover, there are much debates on body as a social and identity-making element in sociology. Body management is common among the youth, and different behaviors such as body building, food diets and make up have been represented for it.In this study that aimed to the meta-analysis of the relationship between body management and cultural capitals, 10 studies from 38 research in the body management which has the necessary qualifications, were selected from databases and by using comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA), data were analyzed.In this study, according to results of the heterogeneity, random effects model was appropriate and the measure of the combined effect relationship was 32 percent that is a medium effect size based on the Cohen's criteria. In other words, the cultural capital plays a medium role in the variance explanation of body management.

The purpose of this research is the typology of tendency to marry among girls. The research, using qualitative methods, data-driven approach to theorizing (grounded theory) and semi-structured interview technique was interactive. The study population was female students of Shiraz University. Using purposeful and theoretical sampling, with 53 single students were interviewed. The results showed that in the study population, there are seven types of tendencies to marriage, including embedded tendency, hierarchical tendency, intellectual autonomy tendency, emotional autonomy tendency, egalitarian tendency, liquid tendency and anti-marriage tendency. Accordingly, two types of embedded tendency and hierarchical tendency surrounded by pre-modern discourse, and have features such as accepting the authority of patriarchal subordination of women and the acceptance of cultural and religious obligation to marriage. Also, emotional autonomy tendency and egalitarian tendency are influenced by modern discourse, with features such as central relationship, axial love and hedonism. Eventually, intellectual autonomy tendency, liquid tendency and anti-marriage tendency are influenced by postmodern discourse, with features such as individualism, liquid rationality, fragile, freedom and pluralism are non-alignment.

Following the expansion of internet penetration, social interactions between the sexes have taken new dimensions. The objective of the present study is to investigate network connections of students and their attitudes towards these relationships using Zygmunt Bauman's theory of liquid love. The main research question is that in the online relations and friendships of students, which characteristics and consequences are identifiable? This research was conducted using qualitative method of Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) among female students of Guilan University. The results revealed that two characteristics of network connections, namely, simplicity and anonymity, and also the only positive outcome of these connections, freedom, are the main causes of student’s tendency towards these connections. However, they are aware of negative consequences of network connections, mostly have positive attitudes regarding internet relations and friendships.

There has been a huge concern about the manner of confrontations of different social groups with urban public spaces within urban scholars. Among these social groups, young people have been particularly important. Because they have a tangible presence in the city's public spaces and social life of the city are affected by their presence. This paper examines the uses of public spaces by young people and will pay special attention to the role of social control on the use of public spaces. Paper focuses on the study of young people who attend in public places with their friends from opposite sex. We have inspired by theories of urban public spaces such as Oldenburg's third place as well as comprehensive research of Rob White on crime, policing and urban public spaces in Australia in this paper. The main question of the paper is that this particular group of young people choose which public spaces and why? In a qualitative approach, two techniques of observation and in-depth interviews have been chosen for collecting data. Original data collected in interviews with 20 girls and boys who attend in public places with their friends from opposite sex. Results show that parks and coffee shops are preferred urban public places of youth. Formal control would push these youth to out of the way and cozy public spaces.

Interpretation of world and its phenomena from views of a specific group (such as men) cannot be a factual interpretation of world and its phenomena. Feminine viewpoint provides the possibility of watching and interpretation of new, different or ignored phenomena from men's viewpoint. In present study we selected a feminine viewpoint for discovering the origin of duality issue, as a main issue in different social, political, cultural, medical and even economical areas, and followed this specific view in the dimensions of history; the main question of this study is: What kinds of cultural and sociological duality are there among Iranians of era of three Qajar kings (Naseredin Shah, Mohammad Ali Shah, and Ahmad Shah) from viewpoints of English female itinerary writers.This study has tried to answer the mentioned question using typology approach, theory of Morton about kinds of psychological and sociological duality, and techniques of historical investigation and content analysis. The result of this study shows 5 kinds of cultural and social duality among Iranians from viewpoint of English female travelers.