ADAB PAZHUHI
Year:2009 | Volume:2 | Issue:6|Papers Count:11

Although a considerable number of Persian literary texts have been scientifically and critically edited by professors and researchers, there are many of these texts of which no authentic copy is at hand. One among all is Kamâlodin Mahmoud ebn-e Ali's (known as Khâjooye Kermâni) poetic collection (Divan) which apart from possessing literary and cultural values, acts as'a chain to connect the sonnets of Sa'di and Hafiz, and an academically edited version of it is thus of great value. This paper is an attempt to show that the corrections done on Khâjoo's Divan (sonnets) suffer from a lot of drawbacks and errors which can be the result of nonmethodical correction and probable shortcomings of the manuscripts. Furthermore, the frequency of misspellings and misprints has reduced the editors' precision and credibility.

One of the traditions of Persian poetry which has its origin in Sâmâni Literature and courtly poems, and dates back to Parthian Goosânism is narrating poetry. This tradition, being long-dated also in Arab Letters, has been the one way of transferring the literary reminiscence of the Pagan Arabs to Islamic Age. Narrating, by definition, has been the recounting of the poems by the sweet-singing narrators. This article concerns with the tradition of narrating poems, its origins, name of the great narrators and their manners of performance, and finally the evolution of narrating. Meanwhile it names some researches done on the origin of narrating poems in Persian that reveal the ties between Persian and Arab traditions of narrating.

As Khosravi's most substantial work, Rood-e Râvi contains all of the author's characteristic skills of writing. Khosravi's conscious use of words to achieve a post modernistic effect has given the novel a subtle narrative form. This article is intended to explore the basic elements of the novel by taking advantage of the post-structural. approach of Roland Barthes. Rood-e Râvi, in its deep structure abolishes or violates time by such techniques as the conversion, denial-and-restoration, and reincarnation and- reiteration of the characters. Meanwhile the form of the novel is in concert with these techniques since the author loses no chance to express the basic idea of opposing time, and the order of the episodes indicates a kind of anachronism which manifests the lack of harmony between the narrative time and the dramatic time.

Up to the emergence of cognitive linguistics, metaphor was considered to be a mechanism of poetic imagination, thus, a literary concept. As the cognitive model developed, the function of metaphors in everyday conversation was brought into focus by linguists.The question raised in this article is whether metaphor can be the source of polysemy in Persian perceptive verbs. Therefore a body of spoken and written data was collected from mass media, as well as from everyday talk. The research was conducted based on the hypothesis that "metaphor", within the framework of cognitive semantics, is one of the \reasons for polysemy. The hypothesis was confirmed through getting examined descriptively/inductively against the given data. It must be said that the general aim of the article was to show that semantic developments can be systematically explained in terms of the semantic frames.

In any language, roots and verb affixes constitute the most basic and important components of a language. The root is an element included in all the words of a lexical family and carries the basic meaning of those lexical items. A verb affix is an element added to the root to form a new meaning.In many new Iranian dialects, verb affixes have been left almost unnoticed, and it will be possible, by the act of deriving roots, to clear up most of their structural and semantic ambiguities. Unlike the root, verb affixes can be easily identified and described. In many dialects, verb affixes act as the base of verb formation and are often derived from a limited number of roots. Tâti, Tâleshi, and Gilaki dialects belong to North-western Iranian languages currently spoken along the coast of Caspian Sea. These dialects which enjoy many old linguistic elements have not been duly studied from a linguistic perspective. In the present paper, firstly the verb roots and affixes of Gilaki, Tâleshi and Tâti, as well as the way of their formation, are taken into consideration, then their relevant similarities and differences are investigated.

Ghâ'âni , for many reasons such as the acute attention to the Restoration poets of Khorâsâni Style, special interest to Shâhnâmeh in Ghâjâr era, residing in Khorâsân, and competing with Khâghâni has repeatedly made use of the proper names and themes of Shahmimeh in his eulogies, depicting natural environment, characterizing the beloved, giving an account of himself, as well as making symbols and accomplishing his didactic goals. The most important part of Ghâ'ânts national epic implications is his so called "unusual allusions" that distinguishes him from the other poets and originates from epics, literary books and story-telling besides using Shâhnâmeh as the main source of reference. Scrutinizing the stories of Shâhnâmeh, taking advantage of allusions as a device to represent the dualities of the characters, making analogies between "The laudable" and the two characters in Shâhmâmeh who have one point of similarity, praising "The laudable" by compounding epic- mythical names, using the allusions of Shâhmâmeh in the envoy of the ode, are among the characteristics of Ghâ’âm's poetry. A review of his poems indicates that Ghâ'âni, more than the other poets, benefited from Shâhnâmeh, and his knowledge of Persian epic is outstanding.

Narrative as the interaction of literary text elements is a focal point in the literary theory. Narratology deals with the various manners of narrating events, as well as the analysis of the narrative literature such as novel, short story and epic. A deep understanding of narration can be a help to the critic to analyse the story and its elements; meanwhile it helps the writer to be more creative. Researchers, through narratology, discover the semiotic interrelations in the text. This article intends, through focusing on three short stories of Nâder Ebrâhimi entitled "A House Belonged to Night", "Curse", and "Sound that Echoes", to provide the reader with a better interpretation of the text which is hardly attained by a hypothetical reading.