Iranian Journal of Nursing Research
Year:2017 | Volume:12 | Issue:2 (47) |Papers Count:13

Introduction: Teenage years bring many charges in biological, psychological and social behaviors. Choosing effective coping styles in adolescence could bring them safety facing crisis. The purpose of this study was assessing the effects of group discussion-based education on coping skills among female high school students.Methods: The study was a semi-empirical with pretest-posttest design. The statistical population was the second- and third-year students of high schools in Kashmar. According to random sampling, 100 students were selected and randomly allocated to two groups, intervention and central. The Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) questionnaire was filled before as well as one month after the program in the two groups. The intervention program was 8 sessions, 60 minutes each, conducted by group discussion. Finally, data was analyzed with t-test and chi-squared test in SPSS version 21.Results: Findings showed that the average scores of coping styles in the intervention and control groups were 127.65 and 129.4 before, and 155.07 and 127.5 after the intervention, respectively. The results showed significant differences between pretest and posttest scores in the intervention group (P<0.001).Conclusions: Coping skills training by group discussion can promote knowledge of adolescents’ problem-based style of coping. Therefore it’s recommended coping skills training added to educational program of teenagers.

Introduction: Pharmaceutical considerations are important elements of care. Prevention of risks arising from the selection, preparation, application and enforcement of inappropriate drug plans is of importance, especially in clinical education of trainers and students while training as well as regarding ethical requirements in providing health services to patients during hospitalization. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of using a combined clinical training by using mobile phone on medication errors of nursing trainees of Islamic Azad University, Kerman.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. The research comprised nursing trainees of Islamic Azad University of Kerman from 2013 to 2014. The sample included 60 individuals. In the first stage, the purposive sampling method was census and the samples were randomly allocated into two groups (intervention and control) and were studied before and after the intervention (use of mobile application for drug use, common heart diseases care and other relevant information). Training was conducted for both groups at the CCU. Data was collected by a questionnaire including 12 questions regarding medication error after receiving a valid and reliable instrument, and was analyzed through pretest and posttest using SPSS version 20, according to the purpose parametric t and paired t-test.Results: After teaching the intervention group, the results demonstrated that the mean score of no medication error (medication function) significantly increased compared to the control group (P<0.001).Conclusions: Results demonstrated a profound educational need in the field of knowledge and the use of drugs in clinical fields. Using mobile medical software integrated with regular training in clinical fields was effective on cognitive and behavioral aspects of medication error in nursing students. The results were in consistence with similar researches, confirming that the use of technology to improve the quality of nursing care and clinical teaching must be supposed as an opportunity and a coeducational instrument.

Introduction: Anxiety and depression, as common psychological disturbances among patients with breast cancer, might negatively influence their quality of life. The present study aimed to explore the relationship between optimism and hope on one hand and anxiety and depression on the other hand among these patients.Methods: In the present correlational study, 97 patients with breast cancer referring to Seyyedoshohada Hospital, Isfahan, were randomly selected through convenience sampling. The participants filled out Life Orientation Test (LOT), Snyder Adult Hope Scale, and Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale. Pearson product-moment correlation and independent samples t-test were run in SPSS (version 22) to analyze the data.Results: The mean of depression, anxiety, hope and optimism were 8.31±4.74, 10.21±4.79, 20.15±4.5 and 20.31±4.30, respectively. The total score of anxiety and depression was 18.53±9.02. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient indicated a statistically significant inverse relationship in hope with depression (r=-57, P<0.01) as well with anxiety (r=-62, P<0.01). Likewise, there was a statistically significant inverse relationship in optimism with depression (r=-34, P<0.01) as well as with anxiety (r=-44, P<0.01), indicating that the more hope and optimism the patients had, the less anxiety and depression they suffered.Conclusions: Patients who consider cancer as a serious threat suffer from more anxiety and depression. Therefore, it is highly suggested that along with conventional treatments, positive psychological elements such as hope and optimism be paid more attention, since they are important interceptors against anxiety and depression; also, necessary interventions be made to enhance hope and optimism among patients with breast cancer.

Introduction: Inadequate sleep is common in children. With respect to its negative results on health, it is one of the biggest concerns in public hygiene. It seems that if parents learn child’s sleep hygiene, the child’s heath can be improved. The aim of the following study was to enhance the level of parental knowledge regarding child sleep by applying a sleep hygiene educational program.Methods: This was a quantitative quasi-experimental study with two-group pretest-posttest provident design, conducted on 64 pupils’ parents (the pupils were between 6-12 years old). Thirty two students were allocated to the intervention group and 32 to the control group by random selection in Najafabad-Isfahan. The data were gathered in three periods (pre-intervention, immediately after, and one month after the intervention) using the survey of knowledge level questionnaire which was validated by content validity in parents. The reliability of the questionnaire was also determined by a pilot study including 10 parents, and Cronbach's alpha=0.837 was reported. The parents were educated by face-to-face education meeting and sending follow-up short messages (SMS) as well as through representing educating sleep hygiene package (Booklet). Data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software and independent t-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Repeated Measure ANOVA, and The Latin square design (LSD) test.Results: Results shows that there was no significant difference between parents’ demographic variables in the two groups. The independent t-test showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of parents’ knowledge in the three phases (pre-intervention, immediately after, and one month after the intervention).Conclusions: The study showed that there was a significant enhance in parents’ awareness and knowledge level regarding child sleep hygiene after the intervention and in some cases it led to the parent making a program to create a positive manner change in their children’s sleep. Therefore, the current study results propose a written program education to parents for child sleep hygiene, which is an important matter to improve child’s hygiene; it is also proposed to the education system principals.

Introduction: Adolescence is a very important stage of any person’s life, since it has a relationship with health. Adolescent females have a special importance among these groups. It seems that having knowledge about health principles in the puberty period leads to the prevention of many misunderstandings and problems in adolescents. Therefore, the effect of puberty health education on awareness about health assessment and general health in females studying in junior high schools of Qain city was assessed.Methods: This research was an experimental and pre-test design with a control group. The research sample included students in 2 different 3rd year classes of junior high schools. The samples were divided with random sampling to an intervention (N=47) and control group (N=40). After the intervention, information was collected with awarness health assessment and general health questionnaires. An education program about puberty and menstrual hygiene for students in the intervation group was offered with lectures, face to face, question and answer, discussions during three 60-minute sessions. The data were analyzed through using t test, chi-square, Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney, Pearson, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and repeated measures, using the SPSS 18.Results: T independed test showed that awarerness health assessment score of students about health the in intervention group, 1 month after education, had a significant difference with the control group (P=0.039). However, this difference was not significant immediately after education between the 2 groups (P=0.139). Mann Whitney test showed that general health score students in the intervention groups and 1 month after education showed significant differences with the control group (P=0.44). The Wilcoxon test showed that there was no significant difference in the 2 groups between the scores of general health before and 1 month after the training.Conclusions: Although adolescent health education could not significantly increase students' general health score, yet is managed to some extent by increasing awareness health assessment of students, which is effective in improving health score. Therefore, it is essential that the authorities have to pay greater attention to the problems of females in this period.

Introduction: Nursing documentation is one of the most important responsibilities in nursing, yet after decades of education and importance of correct nursing documentation, many problems still remain. This study was done with an aim to check the quality of nursing documentation in different areas and reasons for lack of proper nursing reports at Yasuj Shahid Beheshti hospital.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted during year 2013. Samples were 120 records of admitted patients and 100 nurses, who were randomly selected. Research tools included the check-list of common reports, admission, discharge, and pre-postoperative records. Other check-lists were reasons of incorrect nursing documentation. Data were analyzed with the SPSS 16 software.Results: Percentage of correct records was 56% on admission, 82% at discharge, 44% before surgery, and 68% after surgery. The nurses' lack of time, high workload, and fatigue were the most important reasons for correct documentation.Conclusions: The results of this study therefore provide an opportunity for nurses and administrators to pay more attention to items with weak documentation, and help promote nursing reports. Nurses' workload and fatigue must be reduced, leading to a lack of accurate documentation.

Introduction: Missed nursing care often causes damage to the patient during the care and treatment process and could lead to serious damages to the health of the patient. Missed nursing care can take place in two ways: 1- failure to act properly and 2- nursing error of omission. The present article was an attempt to analyze the conditions, in which nursing error of omission leads to patients’ death or damage to their health that could lead to criminal liability of nurses. The study investigated the Iranian criminal law approach to such cases, through investigation of a practical case (The Khomeyni shahr hospital dossier).Methods: A descriptive approach was adopted and attempts were made to describe a practical case (the Khomeyni shahr case, which led to conviction of the health care staff and consideration of long prison terms for them) without any arbitration about the performance of medical staff, in order to determine whether nursing error of omission could lead to criminal liability of nurses. The present paper also sought to figure out whether omission could in certain circumstances, constitute a material element of crimes that are usually committed by affirmative actions. Investigation of this question requires consideration of the concept of omission and position of the Iranian legal system in this regard.Results: The analysis suggests that nursing error of omission, just like failure to accomplish other associated material acts, could cause harm to the patient and result in criminal liability of nurses.Conclusions: It is necessary to organize proper training courses in order to familiarize nurses and doctors with relevant laws and regulations. Employment of judges and lawyers in this regard should be one of the priorities of the respective organizations. In addition, review of practical cases such as the case of Khomeyni shahr hospital in Isfahan, by competent judges during the in-service training courses for nurses and doctors could greatly help them deal with such issues.

Introduction: Patients with spinal cord injury, after the acute phase of the hospital stay, are discharged with a wide range of problems that have negative effects on physical and mental health and other aspects of their lives. On the other hand, they will ultimately have a positive effect on the economy. The aim of this study was to review the need for home-based rehabilitation in patients with spinal cord injuries in Iran.Methods: In this review, in order to find studies and relevant sources, the following databeses were used, SID, Iran Medex, Nursing consult, Pubmed, Elsevier, World Health Organization (WHO) website and Google scholar. English articles from 1985 to 2016 and Persian articles from 1370 to 1393 using relevant keywords were used separately and in combination. Other supporting documents, including books, were also used.Results: Studies suggested that home care is more cost-effective, cheaper and more economical for clinical and hospital services. Development of home care is very important and necessary for developing countries, including Iran. Home care due to economic benefits and social care can uniquely utilize the capacity of families, communities, and non-governmental organizations in health care delivery. Implementation of home care can contribute to the development of the society. It could also lead to increased solidarity and cohesion in families and communities, and result in mental peace, security, intellectuality and hope for the future of the society and at the same time increase the ability of the patient and their family, improve the quality of life and health of the community with costs being lower.Conclusions: Therefore, based on the findings, home-based rehabilitation can reduce restrictions in spinal cord injury patients and families, as well as other chronic diseases. Also, a team of home care with the patient and family support to enhance the capabilities will lead to lower costs.

Introduction: One of the most important factors in the prevention of nosocomial infections is education on infection control standards, which requires continuous education for health workers. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the impact of evidence-based training of general standards for hospital infection control on the attitude of nurses working at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).Methods: This study had a quasi-experimental design with two groups and pre-test-post-test, in which 30 nurses working at the ICU were selected and allocated to two groups of control (n=15) and test (n=15). The test group received practical training at their workplace in the ICU, lectures, group discussions, posters and pamphlets. The attitude questionnaire following the general standards of infection control standards developed by the WHO was used. Data were collected before and 2 weeks and 6 weeks after the intervention. In order to compare the attitudes independent t and F tests for repeated measures and comparison of standards of infection control was used.Results: Two and 6 weeks after the intervention attitude (P<0.01) significantly increased in the test group.Conclusions: Training sessions on attitudes of nurses with the general standards of infection control at the intensive care unit had a positive impact. Therefore, for health personnel, general standards of infection control training interventions are recommended.