Applied Psychology
Year:2018 | Volume:12 | Issue:1 (45) |Papers Count:7

Aim: Aim study was to determine the effectiveness of education on the increase of intimacy based on Iranian Native Culture on marital satisfaction of couples. Method: Method was quasi-experimental including pretest, posttest, control group and two month follow-up. The population was 330 married couples from “ Shams A-Shomoosh” institution, living in zone 7 of Tehran in March 2017. Among them were selected 62 couples scoring lower than the cut off score point of 60, and randomly placed in an experimental and a control group. The experimental group received couples' intimacy training program, a combination of couples’ relationship (Sadeghi, 2010) and Cognitive Behavioral intimacy (Etemadi, 2005) programs, in a group format that were conducted in 15 weekly, 90-minutes sessions. Both groups filled the Walker and Tompson Intimacy Questionnaire (1983) and Enrich, Olson and Favez’ s (1993) Marital Questionnaire. The data was analyzed based on repeated measurement variance design. Results: Results showed a meaningful difference between two groups in general marital satisfaction scores (F= 8. 871, P= 0. 0005) and in its elements including marital satisfaction (F= 8. 406, P= 0. 0005), communication (F= 4. 267, P= 0. 0005), conflict resolution (F= 7. 594, P= 0. 0005) and idealistic distortion (F= 6. 658, P= 0. 0005) in posttest and two month follow-up. Conclusion: Considering the influence of intimacy on the improvement of marital satisfaction, couple therapists are advised to utilize this program to modify and enhance couples' interaction and educate them about communication with spouse's family in order to increase their marital satisfaction and intimacy.

The aim was to determine effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy based on body image on sexual satisfaction and marital adjustment of infertile women. Methods: Method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and follow-up with control group and statistical population was infertile women referred to 26 infertility treatment centers in Tehran in 2017 who, according to body multidimensional questionnaire’ s Cash (1994) were dissatisfied with their body image. 30 infertile woman were selected using a two stage cluster sampling method and were placed randomly in two experimental and control groups. In this way, two centers namely, Hilal Ahmar Rooyesh and Khatam Ol-Anbiya were selected and participants were randomly selected from these centers and completed two questionnaires Larsson's (1976) Sexual Satisfaction Scale and Spinner's (1998) Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy based on body image, based on previous research by Cash and Strachan (2002) and Rosen, Saltzberg and Srebnik (1998) was implemented in experimental group once a week in nine sessions of 90 minutes duration. Data was analyzed using analysis of mixed variance with repeated measures. Results: Results showed significant difference between experimental and control groups in increased sexual satisfaction (F= 6. 173, P= 0. 019) and marital adjustment (F= 4. 768, P= 0. 039) scores in posttest and two month follow-up. Conclusion: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy of body image leads to selfconfidence in sexual relationships and improves sexual satisfaction and marital adjustment of infertile women. This may occur as a result of modifying negative beliefs about physical appearance and replacing them with positive thoughts.

Aim: The present study aim was to determine effectiveness of couple therapy based on the Choice Theory on conflict resolution styles and quality of couple’ s relationship. Method: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest and control group, with follow-up. Among 78 couples who referred to a family counseling center in the city of Mashhad in the fall of 1395, 25 couples who scored a high score based on the cut-off 115 in the Sanai Marital Conflict Questionnaire of 2008 were selected, 20 couples were selected. The research in strumpet was the Straus and Rosbult Conflict Behavior Questionnaire 2009 and Fletcher, Simpson & Tumas Relationship Quality Questionnaire 2000, and experimental group received eight, 90-minute sessions of Couple Therapy Based on Choice Theory (Duba, Graham, Britzman & Minatra, 2009). Data were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA. Findings: The results showed that this intervention was based on women's conflict resolution styles (P= 0. 001, F=26. 8, 73. 5, 1. 26) and men (P= 0. 001, F=0. 63, 0. 93 & 0. 32) had effect on the quality of the relationship between women (P= 0. 001, F= 1. 47) and men (P= 0. 001, F= 0. 58), except for positive behavior either and has remained steady at the follow-up stage. Conclusion: Since this intervention leads to the promotion of relationships, awareness of responsibility and reality in couples, it can be used as an effective intervention for conflict resolution and improving couples' relationships.

Aim: This study aim was to determine effectiveness level of Anger Management Training with Cognitive Behavioral Approach on quality of marital relationship and moral anxiety among substance abuse men. Method: Research method was semi-experimental using pretest, posttest and quarterly follow up with control group and statistical population consisted of 300 males abusing Methadone maintenance treatment in Kasra addiction center in Shahroud city in 2017. Among them, 30 volunteers were selected using available sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Then Anger Management Training Program with Cognitive-Behavioral Approach Reilly & Shopshaire, 2012, was performed for 12 sessions of 90 minutes once a week on experimental group. Research instruments was Kettle Personality Characteristics Questionnaire (1975) and Quality of Marital Relations Bassby, Kern, Larson & Kristensen (1995). Data were analyzed by repeated measure variance (MANOVA). Results: Results indicated that Anger Management has a significant effect on the quality of marital relationships (F= 44. 38, P= 0. 001) and moral anxiety (F= 27. 1533, P= 0. 001) among substance abuse men. Also, its effectiveness has remained stable over the course of the quarterly follow-up. Conclusion: Because the way to express the excitement of anger is acquired, therefore, anger management interventions can have a positive effect on the inhibition and how to express anger in marital relations and progressive muscle relaxation also reduce tension, worry and anxiety as well as the effect on the nervous system.

Aim: The present study aim was to determine the effectiveness of group Reality Therapy on love trauma syndrome and overall performance assessment of people failed emotionally. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group and one-month follow-up. The population consisted of 88 female students referring to the Student Consultation Center of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad from November 2016 to February 2017. Among them, 20 students who acquired scores equal to or higher than the cut-off point of 115 on the Dehghani’ s Inventory of Love Trauma Syndrome (2010), and the cut-off point of 50 on the American Psychiatric Association’ s Assessment of Global Functioning (2013) Scale were selected and assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received William Glaser’ s (1999) Reality Therapy group interventions for 8 sessions of 120 minutes. Data were analyzed using mixed variance analysis with repeated measurement. Results: Group Reality Therapy could significantly reduce love syndrome of patients failed emotionally (F=21. 32, P= 0. 001), and increase their overall performance score (F=29. 36, P=0. 05) and the treatment result in the one-month follow-up period was consistent for both the love trauma syndrome questionnaire and overall functioning. Conclusion: Since Reality Therapy method increases the sense of responsibility and self-control of one’ s own life, increasing these variables can reduce these symptoms; therefore, group Reality Therapy can be an effective approach to reduce love trauma syndrome and increase the overall functioning of people who failed emotionally.

Aim: The aim of the current study was the determination of the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in comparison with psycho-education, on the fear of childbirth and its related variables. Methods: Method was quasiexperimental and the statistical population of nulliparous women from Ahvaz was 8000. Among them 54 women who had the entrance criteria for being considered in the research were selected. Selection was based on participants’ availability and they were randomly assigned to three groups of 18 women. Research tools were Wijma, Wijma and Zar’ s Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (1998) McCracken and Dhingra’ s Pain Anxiety Symptoms (2002), Lowe’ s Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory (1993), also nine sessions of 90-minute of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Niminen (2016) and six sessions of 90-minute of psycho-education (Rouhi, Salmela‐ Aro, Toivanen, Tokola, Halmesmä ki & Saisto, 2013) for two times a week. After removing eight persons due to their absentees in two-thirds of sessions, the data of 46 persons were analyzed by the use of covariance method and comparison of two independent ratios. Results: Result revealed that Cognitive Behavioural Therapy decreases the fear of childbirth (F= 70. 64, P= 0. 001), fear of pain (F= 4. 25, P= 0. 02) and increases the tendency to natural childbirth (Z= 3. 12, P= 0. 002) and self-efficacy of childbirth (F=108. 73, P= 0. 001) and its effectiveness on these variables is more than psych education. Psych education only led to the increase of self-efficacy of childbirth (F=108. 73, P= 0. 001) and a decrease of fear of childbirth (F= 70. 64, P= 0. 01). The difference in the final frequency of natural childbirth in the experimental group with the control group (Z= 1. 56, P= 0. 1) and psych education (Z= 0. 7, P= 0. 4) group was not significant. Conclusion: Since Cognitive Behavioural Therapy uses behavioural strategies and targets the irrational thoughts of women toward natural childbirth, it leads to the decrease of fear of childbirth and more effective than psychological training in the aforementioned fields.

Aim: The study purpose was visualization and analysis of word co-occurrence network of Journal of Applied Psychology of Shahid Beheshti University. Method: Research method was descriptive and using scientometric indices and social network analysis using a purposeful method. Research population consisted of all articles published in the mentioned Journal during period of 2015-16 (N= 287). Title, abstract and key words of 287 articles were reviewed and categorized under the guidance of two psychologists in various subject areas. In the next step, adjacency matrix of conjugate terms of extracted words was obtained in Excel software. Finally, data was generated using the U. S. I. Net software. She. S Vivor was analyzed. Results: Results showed that domains of cognitive psychology, social issues, emotion and personality have been of great importance in this Journal. Most articles in the Journal of Applied Psychology have been published in the field of cognitive psychology. In addition, the results showed that self-efficacy, coping styles, and adaptability had the highest degree of centrality degree and the components of subjective well-being, self-efficacy, adaptability and social dimensions were the most important indicator of the centrality of vision. Conclusion: The presentation of the thematic map of the articles in the journal of applied psychology will make the researchers more aware of the status of the researchers conducted and their relationship with the knowledge of the subject's gaps and help researchers to understand the general view of the scientific framework of the field of psychology and help researchers to select hot topics in this area.