TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT STUDIES
Year:2010 | Volume:4 | Issue:15|Papers Count:8

1In accordance with the article 336 of Islamic criminal law, in the case of collision of two vehicles, both sides are responsible and there is no difference whether both are guilty or both are not. However, it has been mentioned that if one of the drivers is guilty, only that driver is considered responsible.Unfortunately, few lawyers misinterpret this article and claim that in any collision, in which one driver is guilty and the other is not, both sides are considered responsible.In this article, it is tried to represent a correct interpretation of the mentioned article based on judicial explanations.

2Jitneys have special behavior and suddenly change lanes for boarding and alighting of passengers. These vehicles cause irregularity in and a lot of delay on traffic flow by unexpected maneuvers and stops in anywhere of streets. Its importance issue that we force taxies to stop only at taxi stops and subsequently assess the effect of this restriction on improvement of traffic parameters.This research is carried out for assessing the effect of taxi stops position on traffic performance of an urban street. The approach was based on simulation of taxi behavior in a sample street by Vissim simulating software. The real data of traffic flow and taxi behavior has been collected from a sample two-lane street in the city of Tehran. Performance parameters like travel time, delay and average speed are determined on the basis of software results for different scenarios. Results are compared and the best scenario is illustrated. Results indicate that taxi stops in one and two lane streets have considerable effects on street traffic performance and increase travel time and delay of vehicles.

3More than a half of our country's area is located in arid regions and is exposed to desert formation and sandstorms. Sandstorms in arid and semi-arid regions of the country make problems for drivers across transit roads, resulting in many accidents and bringing about heavy traffic. One of the most important transit roads, which connect North of Iran to the South, is Tehran–Bandarabbas arterial road, part of which is the Yazd–Ardakan road in central Iran, annually faced with at least 5 giant sandstorms in average.The aim of this paper is to provide a good level of preparedness for the related departments and executives of Yazd province and to enhance managerial power and potential to fight sandstorm disasters in the Yazd–Ardakan road. To do so, the activities and duties of all related administrative department for sandstorm disaster management in the Yazd–Ardakan road has been determined. The results show that sandstorm disaster management and prevention is possible through cooperation among administrative departments and creating a disaster command system.

The aim of present study is examining the relation among mental health, aggression, type a characteristic and driving habits. Because of this, the researchers asked from 110 answerable in accident men to complete the Manchester Behavior Driving, Type A Characteristic, Ahvaz Aggression and General Health Questionnaires.4Then the data analyzed by, Pearson correlation and regression analysis in a stepwise method. The results showed that there is a significant relation among Mental Health, Personality Type and Aggression & Driving Behaviors. Also the regression analysis in a stepwise method showed that Aggression and Mental Health variables could predict tastes’ dangerous behaviors, although Type a Characteristic couldn’t predict driving behavior.Notice that dangerous driving would make many irreparable problems for society and also for people, the suggestion in here is a good management by police. They can put psychological consultation program for people how want to get there driving license or want to extend it or even during a regular time. For driving (private or public). In this way, all invading drivers or dangerous one who need to be educated about driving behavior will put in this kind of consultation programs.

5Quantitative approach is known as a kind of research methods, has been used when measurable parameters are available in the process of research. This kind of research methods is being used in transportation and traffic fields because of the availability of measurable parameters. Although there is some measurable parameters are available, in the recent years qualitative and combined (quantitative and qualitative approaches) approaches have been used in transportation and traffic studies.In this paper a review study has been done to eliminate using qualitative approach in transportation and traffic studies. Results showed that although a number of variables are defined by measurable parameters in the field of traffic and transportation, but qualitative methodologies in research process, have been used in many cases. Results also show that in some studies qualitative approach had results that are more appropriate because some of the social parameters particularly in urban transportation have been merged by measurable parameters.

6Driver Fatigue is an important factor in road accidents. Therefore, recently many works have been done in driver fatigue detection and vehicle safety. In this paper, at first causes of drowsiness are explained and then a comprehensive survey on intelligent researches for driver fatigue detection is presented. Methods of fatigue detection can be divided into three groups, which mainly focus on measuring of physiology changes, driver performance and driver state. In continue from each group, famous methods with their advantages and disadvantages are demonstrated. In conclusion, a practical prototype for solving the fatigue problem which can be implemented in vehicle is proposed.

7According to the recent studies, about 70 percent of effective factors in road accidents are due to human faults, especially the drivers' physical and mental problems. Hence, applying some restrictions seems to be necessary to control the situation. To this end, having Driver's Health Card, as one of the important provisions in the regulations of goods and passenger transport, has been introduced.The aim of this paper is to focus on the current situation of drivers' health tests in Iran and compare the results to the findings in the United States. The data presented clearly illustrate the importance of drivers' health in road safety. Finally, some applicable suggestions are presented to increase the level of rural drivers' health.