HOVIATESHAHR
Year:2008 | Volume:2 | Issue:2|Papers Count:10

A wide use of vehicles in industrial societies caused changes in urbanization systems and urbanization engineers considered vehicles as one of urbanization priorities. After the end of World War II, a new approach, concerning the provision of special space for pedestrians, was formed and as a result, the pedestrian passing bridge was designed. According to traffic statistics, 38% of Tehran accidents is related to pedestrians' behaviors form which lack of use of pedestrian bridges is the most important. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to survey and assess the effectiveness of intra-city pedestrian bridges. The field survey has been sued for data gathering. The results of data analyses show that different reasons such as lack of suitable site selections, lack of possibility for all citizens to use pedestrian bridges, low width of streets, time taking of use, disturbing factors, etc. can result in declining pedestrian bridges' effectiveness. Based on the study findings, software strategies such as cultural and legal ones and hardware strategies emphasizing on the structural frame of pedestrian bridges, have been suggested.

This study has concentrated on the Role of Cinema on Critique of the Modern Urbanism. The theoretical framework of essay is designing architecture theory base on concept which is related to the way of semiotic, base on layered semiotic (analyzing Film with syntagm layers: text, context, intertextuality, code, media) and Ervin Panofsky ‘s semiotic analyzing which has three periods: primitive understanding, background literature and hermeneutics.The research methods in this study are analytic and descriptive combination of qualitative (from case study to theory) and quantitative (from theory to case study) research. This study has analyzed some famous films by professional directors which their base concept was about criticizing modern movement. At first we analyzed the meaning of modernism, mechinism, semiology, and then genealogy of modern space creation in film and the way of determination of modern movement and their critique.The conclusion of the study is that the architecture is formed and created base on concept and cinema is one of the best critical tools of modern stream in architecture and urbanism. Cinema with black comedy genre, modern semiotic, city palimpsest, city nostalgia, utopia and distopia manifests these kind of meaning.

Wind tower is a part of Iranian vernacular architecture in hot and dry and hot and humid climates. It is building form ingredient that has climatic application. A traditional wind tower that served as a cooling system, used to provide acceptable ventilation by means of renewable energy of wind. Unfortunately, the contemporary architecture of Iran is entirely diverted this important architectural element in the arid areas. A wind catcher is one of master piece of Iranian architectural design the date and record in which it was aced in Iran have remained unknown because of its location on the highest part of building which is being destructed as the first part helped by two archeological and literary areas this study has endeavored to take a stride to introduce the cultural- historical identity of Iran by demonstrating the record of wind catcher in pre Islamic area of Iran and also illustrate on the argument documents the record of its use in Iran prior to the Arabs of Persian Gulf. The research focuses on the analytical and descriptive survey and the results have been obtained by deducting documents and historical texts. It has attempted to demonstrations its long record of use in Iran.

Nature-Travelling is a part of Tourism complex that applied to warrant travel to natural area.For study and enjoy to plants and animals view and every cultural aspect contemporary or past.At the present, while suddenly increase and non- plan Tourism Global the factors have effect environment that uncorrect planning cause environmental pollution.In hence, we must need to assessment environment effects that such activity for recognizing and fore sight marks a project are on human and environment health. Zoshk village in khorasan is one of the most important tourism.In edge of river have many The village has a Natural landscope called Zoshk River is length 30km.The river pass through vary gardens and Agri-lands produce beatiful landscope. Restaurant and villas That every which like as Natural- source, sufficient effective to environment. But what was effects through the human- made factors settlement? Tourism events in attractions cause chang to eco-system such as increase development restaurant and surplus water repelling, chang to side using of water - surface,disorder in (soil/land) utilization, preparations and change to condition specially, soil- characteristics and … so, Ask the following questions: Did the changes can hazard quality River-water and increase ill-ness?What did we can performance to decrease Negative effects?

Christopher Alexander in his scientific records displays two distinctive thinking trends. It is obvious that he would not reject his previous ideas in the context of design, but also he improving them to a better level, in such a way we could say all Alexander's work are parts of a comprehensive science.Alexander's design theories were primary founded on Cartesian rationalism. He had chosen the following method for solving design complications: Dividing them into components and solving each component separately until the ultimate solution is arrived it. After that Alexander entered an entirely different method, he has focusing on a wholeness approach. At present time, his attention is mainly directed towards experimental dimensions of design process. In this paper we will try to assess Christopher Alexander theories of design extracted from his works titled notes on synthesis of form and a pattern language to the nature of order. This article is indeed investigated ways of utilizing the design patterns which Christopher Alexander considers as a basis for understanding living spaces and future cities. Furthermore, his limitations in creation of design patterns and ways of using such patterns in order to achieve a living quality in the design of physical environment are examined. This article is made to analysis Alexander's Theories in four phases.

Urban development is a process, objective of which is upgrading quality of life by providing required facilities for a favorite life. Such that a city resident feels pleasure and tranquility as well as hope, in an urban environment. It seems that by studying and recognizing recoverable lands inside the developed area like vacant and unused lands, we can take maximum advantages of infill development as well as preventing unplanned and horizontal extension. The main purpose of the present study is explanation of principals, methods and strategies of infill development and efficiency assessment in conduction of this kind of development in Dogonbadan city. Findings of the present research indicate that encouraging infill development and supporting it’s conduction against Greenfield development will have valuable results like decreasing cost of developing and maintenance of urban infrastructures, creation of visual beauty in city spaces by creating connection and adherence of adjacent structures. In addition to, a better delivery of a city services in a centralized way. To achieve our goal in this study, maintenance and developing cost of urban infrastructures in infill and Greenfield development was compared and analyzed in Dogonbadan city.

The purpose of article is review and represent of theoretical framework of place into three approaches: positive, critical and phenomenological. First part of article explains definitions of place. Second part presents phenomenological theories such as Relph and Schultz. The third part of the article contains critical approach of Messy and Habermas to just phenomenological approach about place. The forth part presents positive approach and explains criteria and policies which have been expanded by Montgomery and canter. The fundamental concepts of phenomenological approach is topology and inside-69outside. Critical approach distinct the essential role of economical and social structure in forming place. Positive approach explains three dimensions of place as physical, meaning and activity; but the most important issues are human and his interaction of human being with latter dimensions. The content analysis has been used.

In this article, the role of research of architectural design training has been considered, at a glance at research literature, first five different models of concept, experiment, analysis, experimental, logical and association have been considered as a relation between designing and researching.  Following the argument, it will be proceeded to more effective models depended on research elements in design training.In these models, the effect of research evaluates in three steps: before designing, during designing and after designing.Five proposal artistic, conceptual, emotional, comparative, analytical and systematic models can apply theprocess of design training for the use of research.The performance of these steps can produce a new insight with respect to architectural teaching.The result of the recent researches with emphasis to the role of research in architectural training can proceed to efficiencies of the architectural design and after comparing to the present conditions od education system of Iran can figure as a proper symbol for promoting the quality of the architectural design training.