Social Development and Welfare Planning
Year:2011 | Volume:3 | Issue:8|Papers Count:8

This article tries to study prominent but rather unknown category of resources related to tradesman and guilds. These resources under various names of Fotovat Name, Rasael Javanmardan, Kasb Name, Kesvat Name and so on are in fact people letter of self-guaranteed, self-accepted and internalized assertion of tradesman of Islamic societies that can be taken in to account by scholars and researchers of anthropology, history, sociology, economy, development, literature. As I mentioned earlier in two books of "Anthropology of Sustainable Development" and "Changes of Work and Construction Culture in Iran" these resources are extremely fruitful in this era of making wonderlands by capitalistic- colonial system and its demagogue for consumption, consumptive society and mass consumption.In this article after reviewing historical stem of chivalry and empowering Ayaran (up to regional authority) in Iran, their methods of propaganda and education will be discussed. It seems that after Alexander attack a Greek culture of anti-working which showed itself in aristocracy of Samani era was a prerequisite for creating such chivalry movement which was anti aristocracy and tried for reviving work culture and work dignity too. Although these assertions are simple text in style and literature because of admiring work culture they are the most effective assertion which related work, art, religion, ethic, human emotion and ethnic unconsciousness to each others in order to change their addressee to work, try and honor moral virtues and the other people. Finally tracing the impact of such lessons on Iranians' life, action and work along history, understanding changes of it and its weakening in Iran and similar societies the article provides new and thoughtful questions for emancipation.

Security is considered as the most significant necessity and the most essential base for existence and survival of human communities. In fact, if a person feels that no risk threatens his/her life, properties and health, he/she will achieve social security feeling. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between social capital as an independent variable and social security feeling among mothers of educable mental retarded children who are trained in Exceptional Schools of Islamshahr city in the education year of 2010-2011.In this research, social capital was assessed enjoying Putnam theory in three aspects of social relations, trust and participation in collective actions. And social security feeling was evaluated according to Chalabi theory in four aspects of property, life, group and intellectual security. Statistical population included mothers of educable mental retarded children who are trained in Exceptional Schools of Islamshahr city in the years 2010-2011. Since the number of statistic population was low, complete coverage of population (218 qualified mothers) were interviewed.The findings indicate the low level of social capital and social security feeling in the mentioned population. There is also meaningful and positive correlation between social capital and social security feeling. The results of regression analysis show that 38% of changes of social security are explained by independent variables as well. The results of path analysis indicate that the variables of basic trust and duration of marriage, the number of children and level of education have relationship with social security feeling.

The purpose of all Kinds of planning in cities is to achieve urban Welfare and for measuring welfare in there, composite indicators are used. To do so this paper is about the study which was done for assessment of welfare in Shiraz metropolitan by using Clarke index and social welfare function. As a quantitative-analytical research, it used variables of hierarchical needs for Clark Index and income for social welfare function. Income data was based on official data of the Statistical Center of Iran. Moreover to apply this function in nine Zone of Shiraz metropolitan also field data was collected from 384 households. The Statistical population is households of Shiraz which due to the General Population and Housing Census in 2006 was about of 344,533 people.Assessment of welfare indicates an increasing trend so that the index has reached from 0.253 in 2001 to 0.424 in 2006. The Clarke index which was calculated for 2002 -2005 shows escalating trend (0.281 - 0.388) in this period. According to the findings also by considering levels of sensitivity to inequality reveal that the most unequal years were 2006 and 2005 and the lowest ones were 2002 and 2003 respectively.

Social Trust is a platform for social interactions and relations. To study social trust of war injured carefully, it were took in to account in three dimensions, internal group, external group and generalized trust. Also related theories of James Coleman, Antony Giddens, Peoter Sztompka, Claus offe, Francis Fukuyama and etc were discussed.Regarding this, a survey research with a sample of 319 war injured people (in three groups of 25-49%, 50-69%, and 70%) who was selected thorough proportional classification sampling method was done. Dependent variable is social trust and independent variables are religiousness, universalism, expressional interactions, social-economic status and percentage of injury. Results of research showed that generalized trust of repliers, regarding to two other dimensions; trusting within and between groups is few lower. As a conclusion war injured revealed average level of social trust. There is significant correlation between social trust and other variables such as religiousness, universalism, expressional interactions, social-economic status and percentage of injury.

This article would first present an explanation on the importance of cooperative organizations as social movement in the world today and then will pay enough attention to the sustainable development. Sustainable development generally can be seen as means of preservation of environment and natural resources in close relation with production in a way that certain social infections such as poverty, inequality and income gap among different social groups or regions will either be eradicated or alleviated. The elements that bring about both sustainable development and social progress will be worked out here and the grassroots of environmental depletion and degradation of natural processes in a capitalist market economy will be made known. The debate shall normally shift to the subject of co-operatives and their inherent capacities and potentials to provide suitable conditions for sustainability. Co-operatives are well aware that they automatically should reproduce favorable grounds for sustainable development. As a consequence the article would focus on the significant share of co-operatives in today s economy and the role they play in stability and preservation of sustainable development.

The theme of this study is the impact of social capital on quality of life of student. Quality of life is an important issue which first attracted intellectuals due to widespread deployment of technology and industrialization process in Western countries.Historically, scientists and researchers have sought effective factors on quality of life. Not unknowing such factors not only causes unexpected, harmful outcomes but also lower life satisfaction among individuals and communities would hurt productive and capable human resources along the time. Universal acceptance of the theoretical literature denotes improvement of social capital will lead to expected life quality and prosperity.In this study, the survey method is used to collect data from 374 students of Shiraz Islamic Azad University. After testing the research hypotheses, results reveal that the variable of social capital with dimensions of and social trust, social participation and social networks, has direct correlation with quality of life.

Historically, social work began in the form of services for people with a disability. The aim of this research is to study social services for children with mental disability (focusing on Down syndrome) and how doctors and practitioners treat their parents in Tehran. The sample consisted of 170 mothers of children with DS, who experienced the difficulties of raising their children.Findings revealed that the majority of the mothers had very unpleasant experiences of how doctors treated them. So that they were disappointed with negative attitudes of doctors and practitioners. The majority of mothers believed that their children were in need of rehabilitation services but governmental centers have long waiting list and private centers are very expensive.This research suggests that if the Ministry of Health takes the responsibility of protecting DS children by providing social and rehabilitation services, it will help families to have better social adjustment.