JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS RESEARCH
Year:2019 | Volume:11 | Issue:1 (41) |Papers Count:16

According to the of Nutrition in Economic Development, Food topics, Especially in the Developing Countries, are of Utmost Importance. One of the Most Important Determinants of Food Demand is the Food Prices. The Aim of This Study is the Most Important Determinant of Economic Factors of the Food Price Index in Iran Using the Latest Information Published in 2016. For this Purpose, Using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Method and Time Series Data for the Years 1983-2014 has Been Estimated Desired Pattern. Based on the Results, the Variable of Gross Investment, Trade Openness and Real Exchange Rate in the Short and Long Term had a Negative Impact and Liquidity and GDP Variables had a Positive Impact on the Food Price Index.

Rice is one of the most important crops and is considered as strategic commodity in many countries of the world, thus it seems necessary to be supported. Guaranteed purchase of crops is the most important policies of the agricultural sector in our country that has been approved in 1999. The government is obliged to support the production of basic agricultural crops by guarantying the purchase of crops including wheat, rice, barley and … every year. So this study investigates the impacts of government policies, such as import, the guaranteed price of rice and Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) on the supply of rice in the period of 1990-2013. The results show that guaranteed prices of rice with a lag has a significant positive effect on the supply of rice with elasticity of 0. 2. Rice import also has a negative impact on rice supply and the elasticity this variable is equal to-0. 7. DRC index as an indicator of government support for the production of the crops also had a negative impact on rice supply.

Low energy efficiency has always been a problem in production of livestock products in Iran. In order to improve energy efficiency, the government implemented the first phase of elimination of energy carriers' subsidy in 2010 followed by the second phase in 2013. The program has affected the livestock and poultry production that has a large share of energy consumption in Iranian agriculture sector. Following by the scheme, measures such as switching production systems and improving productivity have been taken by the manufacturers of these products to reduce production costs resulting from the implementation of the program. In this study, alternatives for changing economic productivity of poultry based on socio-cultural and environmental issues were rated using AHP method. The result showed that, according to experts of broiler production, isolation with modern ventilation systems and modern ventilation system by intelligent controllers are graded first and second based on economic, socio-cultural and environmental criteria. Creation of appropriate infrastructures, making poultry producers familiar with proper insulation and ventilation systems that are appropriate for climatic conditions are recommended.

Wetlands are vital to the supply of valued ecosystem services. The restoration and preservation programs of wetlands would increase the supply of ecosystem services. This paper aims to estimate the total economic value of the restoration and preservation programs of Jazmourian wetland in Kerman. Data required for the analysis was taken from 312 households interviews in the regions of Jazmourian wetland in 1917. In the first, this paper employs Cooper's method for optimal survey design for the dichotomous choice contingent valuation method. This method finds the bid amounts as well as the sample size corresponding to each bid. Then, Logit and ordinary least square models were estimated for the total economic value of the wetland restoration and preservation programs. The result shows that, based on the population of Jazmourian wetland around regions, the estimated total economic value of the wetland restoration and preservation programs ranges from 34. 412 to 63. 566 billion Rials per year. These estimates may be used to justify the level of expenditure on the restoration and preservation programs of Jazmourian wetland.

The main objective of this article is analyzing the relationship between agricultural commodity price and oil shock for Iran. To this end, the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lags (NARDL) approach was employed which allows prices to be tied by asymmetric impact both in the long-as well as in the short-run. Linkages between oil price and agricultural commodity prices are examined using seasonal data for 1389: 4 to 1395: 4. The bounds test of the NARDL specification suggests the presence of co-integration among the variables, which include the agricultural commodity price, oil price and GDP. The estimated NARDL model affirms the presence of asymmetries in the agricultural product price behavior in both Long-run and short-run. Therefore, in the long and short-run, a positive significant relation between oil price increases and agricultural commodity price was found. In addition, the short and long-run significant relation between oil price reduction and the agricultural production price was estimated. Also, the positive oil price shock will result in higher changes in the agricultural commodity price as compared to the oil price reduction shock.

In the present study the effects of purchasing and guaranteed price policy instruments and also change from the purchasing price policy to the guaranteed price policy was examined on cropping patterns, farmers' income and consumption of inputs in Qazvin Plain. To achieve this goal, using a two-stage random sampling method 246 farmer Selected and then through survey and complete the questionnaire the required information was collected in 1395. For modeling and analysis of information’ s the positive mathematical programming model (PMP) with the cost function approach was used and effect of purchasing and guaranteed price policy instruments under three scenarios continue purchasing and guaranteed price policies in its current form, the implementation of the purchasing policy in the form of a purposive and replacement the purchasing policy with a guaranteed price was evaluated. The results of this study showed that in all three scenarios the area under cultivation of water-saving products special, wheat decrease, and instead the Area under cultivation of Products with high water demand such as alfalfa and tomato has been increased.

In this study, it was tried that by theoretically elaboration and designing a model in form of Ricardian model and using panel data approach based on Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model, the effects of climate change on production and profit as a measure of rice producer rent within cities of Mazandaran province during the period 1990-2011. Results of this study showed that the climate variables have significantly non-linear impacts on Rice production and cultivation area rent. Within cities where cultivation temperature has been effective on farmers’ rent, Sari has the most negative rents (-5108220, Rial per hectare) than other cities and the Noshahr has least negative rent (-1601270, Rial per hectare). Enhancing spring and summer temperatures have positive effect on rent, and once it becomes less than critical value, rent would be negative. Due to the temperature in summer, the highest rent achieved in the Sari (154372, Rial per hectare) and the lowest was Noshahr with 6084 Rial per hectare. rent and by increasing this factor, rent would alleviate.

The experience shows financing of agriculture sector as a one of the important sectors of Iranian economy, is depended on banking system that makes some problems forever. it’ s seems using of financial markets can reduce a part of these challenges. Using a descriptive-analytical method, this research tries by using of capacities of Wakala Sukuk such as flexibility and diversification, introduce an agriculture sector financing new model. Also this model by fixed profit rate and periodic payment, tries to provide working capital and necessary physical assets and instruments for agricultural units.

This study investigates the impact of The impact of oil resource abundance on economic growth in organization of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC) and the role of institutions during 2002-2013 and economic growt Performance in OPEC examined panel Model's. Indicator of intellectual property rights, trade freedom index, the quality of the judicial system and business regulation as an indicator of the quality of institutions and the product of the indicators in oil revenues has been used as an indicator of the quality of institutions. The results showed that The quality of institutions index, openness and positive effect of education on economic growth in OPEC oil reserves in these countries has a negative effect on economic growth. Also, by increasing the quality of institutions in the countries surveyed, the curse into a blessing. Keywords: Oil Source, OPEC, the quality of institutions, panel.

The aim of this study is to investigate and reason of the obstacles of the agricultural investment and promotes entrepreneurship in Sistan and Baluchestan Province. To identify barriers, at first, a set of barriers and components were extracted by interviews with experts and private sector organizations and review scientific resources available. In this respect, conceptual designs in a structural equation model were tested, by 235 people gathering opinions from experts in agricultural sector. The results showed that of the total, Reviewed Institutional and non-institutional factors inclusive Respectively, Laws and administrative regulations, problems in marketing agricultural products, financial weakness and lack of the familiarity with the potential and fields of entrepreneurship and investment in the agricultural sector is four main obstacles in the way of promoting entrepreneurship and production in the agricultural sector. Lack of technical knowledge at production and marketing of agricultural products, especially in modern industrial investment, supplementary and food processing the agricultural sector, one of the problems is the way of promoting agricultural entrepreneurship.

Land consolidation strategy is very important for economic and agricultural purposes. This strategy can make optimum use of inputs. This study aims to investigate the effect of equipping, renovation and integration of the fields on the income and producing expenditure of the paddy fields, in Gilan Province. The statistical population of the research encompasses the integrated fields and it is consisted of 80, 000 farmers of Gilan Province between years 1996 till 2009. The number of samples opted based on the Cochran formula and stratified random sampling method is equal to 384. The methodology of the research is analytic descriptive and the instrument of collecting information is a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software and paired test (paired t-test). The findings indicate that the utilization of agricultural engineering techniques, mechanization and fields integration has had a positive and significant impact on reduction of expenditures and increase of income of exploiters, Therefore, this strategy should be considered in planning and policy making in the agricultural sector.

The main aim of this project was to measure price risk of “ Pistachios” and identifies its affecting factors. price risk of pistachio for country (Iran) and regions, which were major manufacturers of it, was measured by using Coppock index, coefficient of variability, ARIMA and GARCH methods and then these major manufacturers where ranked in this regard. Economic models and Panel patterns used to determine the effective factors on price risk of pistachio. In this study, the provinces of Kerman, Yazd, Semnan, Khorasan, South Khorasan and North Khorasan were investigated and the data have been collected during the period 1993-2014. Results indicated that the price risk of pistachio increased over time. And Yazd had the lowest price volatility and South Khorasan had the highest price risk. Global price variables of pistachio and exchange rate, with 0. 7 and 1. 2 respectively, had a significant effect on price volatility inside the country.

Overdraft of groundwater in Marvdasht city reduces the salinity and level of water in this area. In this study, the results of the suitable wheat supply function are provided regardless of externalities. The externalities of using groundwater resources on income, expenses and profits of farmers in the context of wheat supply function have been studied. The results of this study showed that by applying the externalities on income, due to increase in product performance and therefore farmer's income, wheat supply has been increased. In this regard, increase in farmer’ s income for one percent because of the overdraft of groundwater resources, increased wheat supply percentage by 0. 36. Inclusion of the externalities of exploitation of groundwater resources on the cost of pumping in the supply function, reduced wheat supply. So that a one percent increases in costs resulting from the overdraft of groundwater resources caused, about 0. 03 percent decrease in wheat supply. Also, importing the externalities of the exploitation of groundwater resources on wheat farmer's profit decreased about 0. 1 percent of the supply.