WOMAN IN CULTURE AND ART (WOMEN'S RESEARCH)
Year:2018 | Volume:10 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:7

Fashion as one of the most popular cultural industries, while enjoying economic profit, has a significant role in the transfer of creative ideas and cultural growth of communities based on their cultural heritage, and in this direction, goes through a process from creation and design to production, distribution and Eventually consumption. Regarding to the ambiguity in the situation of the fashion process in Iranian society, this study seeks to describe and analyze the current situation of the fashion cycle of clothing in different stages of it development in Iran. Study of the fashion cycle using the interview method (in-depth interview in the design, production and distribution stages and semi-structured interview in the consumption stage) and documentary studies in collecting data and thematic analysis (in the analysis of the design, production and distribution situation) and Also, qualitative content analysis (in the analysis of the consumption situation) led us to conclude that regarding to significant problems in the Knowledge structure, socio-cultural strucure and political economic structure, domestic and pioneer brands can not be created in Iran. The lack of Islamic-Iranian brands has consequences like the separation of the process stages from each other and increasing existing problems in each of this stages. Finally the endogenous fashion process never be formed and imported patterns overcome the Iran clothing market.

One of the most popular motifs in the mural paintings of palaces and houses, is women's motif. These designs are variously illustrated. Mural painting in Iran has a long history, the Safavid era, is the time of image development and transformation, in the context of the form and concepts used in it. Some Examples of it are the monuments in Isfahan in palaces, such as the Ali-Quipu and Chehel Sotun palace. There are mural paintings in the Armenian houses of Isfahan, in which many female motifs are seen. The purpose of this article is to recognize and accurately study the mural paintings of women's motifs in historic monuments. Other researchers in this field have addressed various aspects, including manufacturing technology, how these paintings are performed, and the conceptual study of women's motifs in the mural paintings, each of them has separately analyzed these cases. This article has analyzed the common and differential features of the mural paintings with a comparative procedure, and it has compared the painting of palaces with the houses, by a specific look to the geometrical features. By the survey’ s done, it was revealed that women have filled(or-occupied) half of the mural paintings, and specific shapes such as squares and rectangles are the most used frames. These frames have been influenced by the architectural forms, and their arrangement in the houses is in the guest's view and in the courtyards is in all of the hollowed spaces. In This paper for the first time, the comparative structure of the woman's image from the geometric point of view and the similarities and differences of these designs in the palaces and houses of Isfahan is worked on. and seeks to do comparative analysis with document studies and field observations and with the help of graphical modeling.

In this study, we have investigated the Conflicts of femininity on Kurdish Facebook. Historically, Kurdish women have had little opportunity to engage in political, cultural, economic or social affairs. But with the growth of communication media and the emergence of cyberspace, they have been given the opportunity to engage in in political, cultural, economic or social affairs. Although the use of Kurdish women from cyberspace has somewhat improved their political, cultural, economic or social situation, it may lead to conflicts in their gender identity and Femininity. The research method is virtual critical ethnography. The field of critical ethnography has been Kurdish Facebook. The research data is a wide range of non-structured interviews, pictures, participatory observation and non-participatory observation, field notes, Facebook comments, Facebook members' profiles, public groups on Facebook, shared videos on Kurdish women's issues on Facebook, which have been analyzed using the Constructivist grounded theory. Findings of the research show that Kurdish women on Facebook have construct of two main dimensions of femininity: Critique of patriarchal structure and praise of women's activism. Critique of patriarchal structure include of Depoliticization of Femininity, disowning feminine body and Disembedding cultural of femininity. Praise of women's activism include of Female resistance; representation as action, Sanctification of women's suffering; negativate of action and Praise for women's individualism. But in the meantime, there are several layers of conflicts of femininity that generally include representation the women's uppressedness. On Kurdish Facebook, we are seeing the representation women's oppression, and there is little attempt at interpreting the situation of women's uppressedness and providing solutions to emancipation.

The domain of discourse analysis (DA) possesses a high capacity in analyzing the cultural and media issues and manifests itself when it intends to analyze the representation of a woman, analyze the beliefs, attitudes and gender values in the media culture. These beliefs and attitudes in representation of “ a successful woman” depend on the traditional beliefs in the one hand and cannot deny the social presence of woman which is the result of new beliefs. Representing these conflicts and finding solutions have been specifically emerged in the media productions specially the national media. The present essay intends to deal with the dominant discourse in the “ Capital 4” TV series which directly points this topic. The results of the analysis show that although the series tries to represent a positive approach in the social presence of women, the series showcases it only by accepting the patriarchal discourse and the traditional role of woman in a family as well as tolerating the pressure and more sacrifice of woman.

Imagology is one of the branches of comparative literature which identifies the features and attitudes of other nations through literary works. The identification of women’ s image in other countries and nations from the viewpoint of a foreign poet or author is a topic of the knowledge imagology which has an important role in understanding the position, interests and attitudes of women in those societies. In this essay the images of women in Ibn-e Fazlan Travelogues is studied. This travelogue is one of the oldest survived literary works about the lands located in the basin of Volga river and Central Asia whose author also passed Iran and Turkan region. In Ibn-e Fazlan travelogues valuable and exclusive information and images of Turkish, Bulgarian, Iranian and Russian women are given which are studied and classified in this essay within the four perspectives of marriage, clothes, jewelries and bondwomen based on the methodology of imagology approch. This essay concluded that those images of Turkish, Bulgarian, Iranian and Russian women which were strange and odd to Ibn-e Fazlan based on his beliefs and the environment he lived in, presented in Russian, Turkish, Bulgarian and Iranian nations respectively, are specially marked in his travelogue.

According to the ‘ Social Technology’ approach, in the current circumstances, ICTS have been integrated with the leisure activities. These activities have been embedded in the broader frame of external action requirements and conditions in which the actor’ s choice is determined. In terms of gender differences, this article seeks to typify the sorts of leisure activities, namely outdoor-oriented and technology-oriented, and to discover teens’ real preference about choosing those activities. Accordingly, in the school year 2016-17, 120 teenage girls and boys were interviewed (via the semi-structured interview technique) in Tehran city according to the typical and purposive samplings. The results show that teens’ primary preference is the outdoor-oriented leisure activities; but actually the social circumstances, the frame of pressures, and socio-cultural necessities bring them the technology-oriented leisure activities, in as much as the new technologies are partly manifested in a figure of a friend. Boys choose the PC/Console games as a leisure activity more than girls, and they are affected further under the excitements of them while girls encounter with more restrictions for the outdoor-oriented leisure activities. Anyhow, the technology-oriented leisure activities have become as an identity and consumption source for most teens.

The archetypal literary criticism based on psychoanalytic literary criticism is one of the main approaches of contemporary literary criticism to discover the nature and the characteristics of mythology and archetypes, along with their roles in the literature. This study aimed to investigate the archetype “ death and rebirth” in the poetry of Mohammad al-Qaisi, a contemporary Palestinian poet, as well as the way this aspect of human beings’ collective unconscious has been reflected in his poems. It was hypothesized that the poet was aware of the collective unconscious of mind and the archetypes. In order to deepen the meaning of his poems, al-Qaisi was inspired by different texts such as those Islamic attempting to defamiliarize mythologies and archetypes. This study was an attempt to answer the question whether it is possible to scrutinize the poems of al-Qaisi through the perspective of archetypes – more specifically the archetype “ death and rebirth” . The findings of this study show that the poems of this poet can be analyzed in terms of psychoanalytic criticism especially the collective unconscious, mythologies, and archetypes. Employing the archetype “ death and rebirth” is one of the approaches of the poet to describe the pains and misery of the Palestinian people and the future of this people. Keywords: Mohammad al-Qaisi, poetry, archetypal literary criticism, archetype “ death and rebirth” .