JOURNAL OF EARTH AND RESOURCES
Year:2011 | Volume:4 | Issue:3 (12)|Papers Count:9

the study area in Fars province and the range maps 1.100000 Ahar is located. Plan of identifying potential iron ore mining is based on satellite image processing study has been done. Methods used include Overlay Index and Boolean Model Integration. The classification of satellite imagery and data processing were performed and comparison with the standards and samples of iron ore in the mines around has been observed reflections, leading to new mineral potential was identified.

There are several intrusive bodies around Pirkooh village in Gillan state (western Alborz). These bodies has cut phases 1 and 2 (with middle Eocene-lower Oligocene age) of Paleogene succession, so their age must be post-lower Oligocene. These rocks consist of continuous spectrum from gabbro to granite but can be classified in three groups: gabbroic, monzonitic and grantic petrographically. Chemically their major and minor elements make continuous linear trends on variation diagrams, which indicate genetic relationships. The intensity of variations of strongly incompatible trace elements vs. very compatible ones and horizontal linear trends on Cochirie logarithmic diagrams suggest that major process in differentiation of magma has been fractional crystallization. Meanwhile, the constant ratio of incompatible elements (like Nb/Zr, Ce/Zr, La/Zr & Hf/La) in different members, is another evidence for fractional crystallization and the lack of contamination. Variations of CaO vs. MgO and CaO/Al2O3 ratio vs. Mg number imply that cpx and plg are of the fractionated phases which has controlled the chemical variation of the magma.

The mineralization in the Abbas abad ore deposit (Tarom Sofla, northwestern Qazvin) is done into two main types: 1- Vein mineralization of lead, zinc and copper, mainly as Hypo gene (in the Solodar, Gheshlagh Abbas abad and Gheshlagh Aliabad areas), 2- Copper cavity mineralization has been made Supergene (in the Saridash area). Vein mineralization has occurred in 10 main parallel veins and linked veinlets. The gangue in these veins is often of quartz and are formed all veins along fault zones, joint systems, fractures and tensile zones with the east-west strike and are with near-vertical dip. The dominant texture in this type of mineralization is "Open space filling". Cavity mineralization occurred mainly scattered, filler and geode like in breccia zones, cavities and fractures. Geological and Mineralogical evidence indicate that Low-temperature hydrothermal fluids played the major role in the creation of ore deposit especially in the fault zones with volcanic host rock. Two sources for hydrothermal fluids maker ore can be considered in the veins: 1) Meteoric waters 2) Magmatic waters. According to studies, because of the high copper in the host rock, the main source of copper is host rock but the main source of lead and zinc Magmatic water was determined that have originated of Tarom zone intrusions.

One of the important cases that should be considered while the urban tunnels are constructing that will be measure of ground subsidence and controlling at the time of digging them, in this paper with consideration of specifications of Karaj subway second line bores, First we have estimated the maximum subsidence due to digging tunnel with Bobet analytical solution and the transverse profile has drown with the use of Peck experimental way, then the intended bounds has modeled to Plaxis 3D tunnel software and this time it has presented with numerical finite elements method, At the end the results of numerical and analytical solutions have compared with the results of observational and instrumental method in the time of process run. the results of analysis show the fairly measurement of co-coverage of this method will be the same with higher accuracy numerical solutions, these will not reject analytical solution but it will be essential for estimating of probable subsidence in the primary conditions.

Select a support system of tunnels has an important role safety and economic status. This choice usually based on experience of designer engineers. But the question is always whether the best choice has been done? In this study a new method based on Fuzzy Delphi Analytic Hierarchy process (FDAHP) to select optimum support system of tunnels has been proposed. In this way the tunnel support system selection as a multi attribute decision-making has been on technical parameters and stability of the tunnel has been identified. Then based on considered criterion that include, support cost, safety factor, applicability, time installation, displacement and capable of mechanization, decision tree based FDAHP model is created and support system is selected.

One of the important purposes of subsurface exploration is to identify the various mineralization zones. Traditional methods are mot proper because their basics are petrographyical and mineralographical studies. Nowadays, fractal methods are applicable for separation of mineralization zones in various types of deposits. In this paper concentration-number fractal method was applied for determination of Fe grade distribution and mineralization zones in several boreholes in Zaghia Iron ore situated in Bafq. The study shows that separation of zones based on geological data is not correct and iron ore was exchanged by metasomatite. Mono-fractal pattern is existed in most of boreholes and multifractal condition is rare only in BH07 and BH23.

Bakhtiari dam is located on 120 km away from the north of the Andimeshk city and located on the Bakhtiyari River. As regards this dam is the tallest dam of the world, the side structures including diversion tunnels with long of over than 1 km and because of their large cross section, itself is huge and must be careful in making. These tunnels are placed in carbonate rocks of the formation Sarvak from Bangestan group and in their way are passed from seven lithologic unit (SV1, SV2, SV3 (disturbed) SV4, SV5, SV6, SV7 (that has been classified based on of lithological variation and special conditions of sedimentary basins and based on the presence of silica in carbonate compounds and that forms and the thickness of layers. However, much of these formations are composed of marly limestone. Based on joint study four main discontinuities are visible in these rocks including of badding and three main group of joint (J1, J2, J3). Most of discontinuities have opening properties between 1-5 mm and are from open discontinuity type and mainly have not been filled or have been field by calcite or calcite and clay. Based on different rock mass classification methods (special RMR and Q methods) rock mass in the diversion tunnel were included in medium to good quality class.

The exploration region (North of Sagand) is located in the north east of Yazd province .In order to study the mineral potentials of the area by geochemical methods, 140 samples have been taken from the alluvial deposits of drainage systems. Then, they were chemically analyzed for 21 elements. After getting the analytical results raw data and statistical parameters were extracted using Thompson control diagram and calculation of standard relative errors. Data investigations showed that the majority of elements belong to more than one statistic population with positive skewness. This issue was clear in bar chart and Q-Q plot. In order to homogenize the statistical population, the value of elements enrichment index was calculated. After this stage, the statistical population showed nonhomogenity. The data was normalized by three parametric logarithmic methods. Then, the correlation coefficient of elements was calculated by two variables statistical methods such as spearman and Pearson methods. Thus, there is the most correlation between with R=0.85. Also, in the study, multivariable statistical methods were used. According to cluster analysis results, a basic rock basement was recognized. This basement has been affected by hydrothermal solutions and acidic and semi acidic intrusive masses. Then, by factor analysis method, we were noticed that elements surveyed are affected by four factors. The first affected on Cr, Ni , Cu, Sb, Co, V and Mn, the second factor affected on Ba and Fe, the third factor affected on Au, W and Mo and the fourth factor affected on Bi and Ti elements. Then, absolute anomaly for W and Bi elements and probable anomaly for Pb, Ag and Ti elements were determined using threshold limit and standard deviation method. Also, the anomalies were confirmed by P.N. method. One element geochemical maps and composite haloes maps were plotted for this region on the basis of factor analysis.