Journal of Water Resources Engineering
Year:2009 | Volume:1 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

From the numerical viewpoint in the simulation of wave run-up, most of the problems arise in the determination of the shoreline position since the shoreline moves up and down the sloping beach during the run-up and run-down processes. In other words, investigation of long wave run-up can be categorized as a moving boundary problem, and consequently, the main question to be answered is how to track this boundary. Therefore, a special treatment is necessary in the numerical model to define the shoreline position. In the present study, by recourse to a Lagrangian-Eulerian transformation, the time-varying physical domain is converted to a fixed-length time-invariant computational domain. However, this computational mapping introduces additional non-linear terms into the governing equations. By imposing appropriate boundary conditions on the shoreline, the mapped equations are then solved using the two-step Richtmyer-Lax-Wenderoff numerical scheme. All of the computations are carried out by employing a program code developed by authors in FORTRAN 90. The simulated surface profiles show very satisfactory agreement with available analytical solutions as well as the experimental data.

Investigation of the sliding, overturning and stress analysis and crack propagation of gravity dams based on hydrostatic pressures and earthquake forces are of importance. In this research the CADAM2000 software was used for the of stability analysis gravity concrete dams. This program models the pseudo-static and pseudo-dynamic earthquakes based on CHOPRA (1988) method. The Chopra crack propagation along the joints was calculated by considering the boundary conditions (initial cracks). The sliding, overturning, uplift stability factor and allowable stresses were calculated using the data collected for the Pine Flat gravity concrete dam as case study for this research.

In this study an annual report of water height in Torat-Bakhakh station was investigated. No tidal calculation including identification of tidal constituents and its modeling has been done so far. Therefore, the results of this research along with the methods used can be effective and useful. In this study five tidal constituents of M2, Mf, O1, K1, and K2 were identified. The strongest element in this spot was M2 and it reveals that major changes of tides are related to the moon location. According to the American scale, the f-number is f=0.36 which indicates a semi-diurnal type of tides, because this quantity is less than 0.5. Hence, the tide of this area represents the powerful influence of the sea.

The entrance of objectionable synthetic chemicals from the effluents into groundwater poses a great threat to the environment, which particularly makes the textile industries liable for any damage caused. The removal of these materials from the effluents is therefore mandatory. As acid dyes are used profusely in fabric making, we carried out an experiment using kaolin as an absorbent at different acidity, concentration, temperature and duration of the experiment. We observed that kaolin activated with HClO4 can remove 96.41% of the cationic dyes and 98.36% of the anionic dyes at the present pH of waste water. Then we studied absorption with kaolin activated with HClO4 at the pHs of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, at the absorbent concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 30 gr, at the temperatures of 27, 40, 50, and 60oC and at the durations of 20, 40, 60, and 80 minutes. However, neither temperature nor absorbent concentration affected the anionic dye absorption but they increased the absorption of cationic dyes. The best absorption was obtained at the pH of 2-3 and at the durations of 60 minute.

Agricultural, industrial and wastewater pollution loading on the river has become the biggest problem in water resource pollution. Kor river is an important water resourse in Fars of Iran. Larg industrial centers like Petrochemical center, Yek and yek, Azmayesh and Marvdasht shuger factory, also drainage backwater of agricultural land has made pollution problem in this river. In this research we are going to model the effect of point and non-point source pollution loading on Kor river by WASP model.

In this study we used of 18 daily climatological variables including dry weather, wet weather, humidity, wind speed and direction, dept ,maximum and minimum temperatures between the solar years of 1363/1/1 to 1382/12/29 in 20 years for Bushehr station. At first a data base was created in MATLAB software. This data base was consisted of all the events that their amount of variables was recorded in it. For data analysis one of the shapes eigenvector named P was used for typing. In fact P arrangement is an arrangement of data matrix that climate variables are shown in columns and days in rows. Then the data were standardized so that each of the variables had an equal share in typing. After standardized data, a cluster analysis was Pretoria using the method of Ward link. Then drawn a tree diagram for each station. With regard to the main tree diagram for Bushehr Station3 main types were obtained. And for each obtained type, variety of everyday synoptic typing, frequency, occurrences, unoccurrences, representative day and time, yearly and monthly period in the previous 2decades were determined so that weather types and frequency of changes were established.

Drought is one of the most common natural events that has a great negative impact on agriculture and water resources. Due to the undesired effects of drought, various sections like production, economical, social and ecosystems encounter serious problems. Among the characteristics of a drought, i.e. severity, duration and local prevalence are more important. In order to minimize the damages of drought, it is obvious that the transmission of crisis management into the risk management is unavoidable. Therefore, assessment and mitigation of droughts effects are supervising and necessary. This requires, evaluation and statistical analyzes of the drought indices in each area. The standardized precipitation index was selected for present study due to the advantages of this method for regional analysis and time relationship establishment between drought incidents in different parts of a region. The precipitation data collected at 125 stations in the Fars and neighboring for a 30 year period provinces were used for this analysis. The standardized precipitation index were computed for the time scales of 6, 12 and 24 months in order to determine the monthly drought severity, for all of the station during the 2000-2001 crop year. Using the ArcGIS9 software, The mapping and spatial analysis were accomplished. The results indicate that the two variables of severity and local prevalence increase commensurate prolongation and continuation with. Moreover, the results of this study indicated that parts of northeast, southeast, south and southwest of Fars province are more vulnerable and more exposed to drought than the other parts.As the cash earning potential of the about-motional areas is based on dry land farming and traditional agriculture, therefore, the very survival of their inhabitants hinges on receiving an adequate and timely precipitation.

Application of empirical models are considered the most suitable method of catchment erosion-sediment estimation by many exports. Numerous studies have been implemented in Iran using these models, especially the MPSIAC and most researcher have recommended such approaches. Estimation of nine MPSIAC factors, is a major shortcoming of this, because completely different estimates can be resulted for them, ever in the same catchment. In this research instead of manual combination of information and layer over lapping, which is very time consuming with little precision, a new method, using GIS analysis is recommended. This method can reduce the study costs and also the time needed for analysis. Besides, it result similar estimates for MPSIAC factors so different studies on a single catchment will lead us to the same results. The latter feature of this method does have a highly importance in choosing the most suitable model. Maroun catchment, located in Kerman province is selected for case study. The nine factors of MPSIAC method processed by HEC-Geo HMS, Micro station, Are GIS softwares and lansat images. Finally, the erosion and sediment plain map of Maroun catchment prepared through GIS over lapping analysis.