Journal of Economic Modelling
Year:2014 | Volume:8 | Issue:2 (26)|Papers Count:8

In this paper, Weibull two-parameter and beta three-parameter models, Lognormal, gamma and Dagum are estimated by Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) annually and using the data of Iranian Household income and expense during 1982-2011 via VGAM in R software package subprogram calculator. The comparison of these models will be done by Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). According to AIC and the charts of the probability density functions, it is clear that Degum distribution function has a good fit. Estimated parameters of beta and delta are increasing and alpha parameter is declining during these years.

This paper investigates the effects of technology imports and employing higher educated people on the export of food and beverages in Iran by using a panel data during 2000-2007. The empirical results show that the import of technology and use of higher education have a positive and significant effect on the export of food and beverages. In addition, domestic demand of industrial production and price index of export goods have negative and significant effects on the food and beverages export. An important policy recommendation is that this paper tries to attract college-educated workforces along the country to provide food and beverage industry and facilitate the entry of foreign technology to reduce the cost of production exports.

This study investigates the effect of volatility structural changes on the shock transmission and volatility Spillover between gold and stock markets in Iran during 2007-2013. For this purpose, firstly, we will detect the time periods of structural breaks in volatility of gold and stock returns endogenously using the standard and modified iterated cumulated sums of squares (ICSS) algorithm. Then, this information incorporates to model the volatility process. The application of bi-variate GARCH model in off-diagonal BEKK parameterization suggest that shock transmission and volatility spillover between gold and stock markets is bidirectional in Iran. Also, based on the present research findings, ignoring or incorrect detection of structural breaks mislead the researcher about the direction of volatility transmission between gold and stock markets.

The experiences of developed countries represent that economic development emphasizing on the irregular use of environment would make serious problems on sustainable development. Economic activities are accompanied with the increase of energy consumption and emissions of greenhouse gas. By considering the importance of Economic activities in developing countries, the relationship between economic activities and pollution will be so important.Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the linkage between Economic activities and air pollution using input-output table in Yazd province. Yazd province had 1.3% of total value added in 2006. The results show that the sectors by the highest pollution are basic metal production (40%) and transportation (35%).

The aim of this paper is to assess the demand function of municipal water for of Golestan province by adopting a pooling data model during 1999-2011 to determine the minimum requirement of water quite necessary for livelihood. The results indicate that the price elasticity of demand is -0.26, income elasticity of demand is 0/00095 and cross elasticity of demand is -0.2. Therefore, water is an essential and complementary commodity. The minimum requirement of water is 687 liters daily.

In a knowledge-based economy, developing the knowledge and skills will lead to the innovation which in turn increase the productivity and revenue and reduce the inflation and unemployment. Due to the importance of applying the knowledgeto improve economic conditions, this paper has attempted to illustrate the effect of knowledge-based economy on the inflation in Iran by using annualtime series data during 1978-2011 applying Auto Regressive Distributed Lagmodel (ARDL) to test and analyze the data. The Research results show a significant correlation between the inflation rate and the knowledge based economy elements including education and human resource development, economic and institutional regime, innovation, infrastructure and information systems. The research also emphasize that this correlation will be negative in long-term for all elements except education and human resource development that it is positive. That is, by a knowledge-based economy, the inflation will be decreased in long run.