Journal of Studies on Iranian Islamic City
Year:2016 | Volume:6 | Issue:22|Papers Count:10

Shah (Imam) Mosque in Isfahan and Vakil Mosque in Shiraz were constructed by the orders of Shah Abbas Safavi and Karim Khan Zand as new mosques for their capitals. These two constructions are categorized in the Isfahan architectural school. With comparing of two mosques, differences in architecture can be discovered; while the features listed for Isfahan school cannot be the explanation for it. With considering that the time between constructions of two buildings is not so long, likewise the continuation of cultural elements of Iran from the Safavid to Zand, these dissimilarities are the main question of this paper. The hypothesis of this article is that the governmental method and characterization of two employers is the most important reason of these dissimilarities. For examination of the hypothesis, the historical research method and some tactics such as field studies, visual observations and documentary studies were used. With Comparing of findings, consequential evidences were extracted and evaluated.Therefore the architectural elements differences including domes, minarets, porches, decorations and their humanity’s proportions for obtaining the causes of these differences through description of governmental method and characterization of two employers were explicated. The results showed that the governmental ambitions of Shah Abbas Safavi (the Great King) in the Isfahan Shah mosque, presented by elements such as four high minarets, great dome and four porches, completely covered mosaic surfaces and its grandeur. While the governmental method and ambitions of Karim Khan Zand (Vakiloroya: the People Representative) in the Shiraz Vakil Mosque presented by non-existent minaret and dome, only two porches, brief mosaics and its superior humanity’s proportions.

This Research is looking for how family relationship can be influence on relationship between public, semi-public and private zone in home. And it follows that matching this Islamic space organization with current theories about this relationship between spaces. Because most of educational system of architectural design in our country influenced by current theories in world, the main goal of this essay is A comparative study of two of the most important theories with Islamic thought for recognition the level of compliance with our religious culture and consequently enhance home design and teach it. To answer the above problem, family relationship described in the literature review and effective space organization on it is set with L ogical Reasoning method, and then with Home design experts question credibility findings of the review of argument has been made. Research method of this essay is Logical Reasoning, descriptive - analytical study to refer to the documentation. With EBS Tactic Christopher Alexander and John Lang Approaches has been studied and the Priority of Space Relationship has been deducted and then a comparative study with Islamic thought has been done. This article provided the profile of home design according to family relationship in Islam. This profile displays principle architectural design in relationship between public, semi-public and private zone in home with using physical component: Privacy intuitive, visual relationship, access and hierarchy. Comparative studies show obvious differences in Islamic space organization and current famous world theories. Although Lang and Alexander theories are different (because different worldview of them), the most differences of Lang theory with Islam are in semi-public and private zone. And the most differences of Alexander theory with Islam are in public and private zone. The most of these differences based on different Family values and cultural purposes that notice in Islam. Achieve to family relationship requires to change the home space organization and to change in lifestyle that can be follow cultural values notice in Islam in our society.

Creative City theory that in the context of urban prosperity is the perspective of urban planners. Creative city has been compared to seed inside soil that it’s bloom caused a massive transformation in the urban space and the city accelerated to movement towards the globalization. To achieve a strong and flourishing cultural creative city needs to occur creativity in urban space. So cities have strong cultural yeast can be creative in a world of continuous chain and prepare the ground for globalization. From the perspective of cultural geography Iranian cities enjoyment and benefit of the Islamic worldview and culture have the potential for urban creativity. By providing conditions for realization of cultural potential talent in Iranian certainly be able to compete with other cities in the world take drastic steps to fulfill their Islamic Iranian creative city. This study describes and analyzes the role of some indicators of spatial Islamic Iranian city focuses on creativity. The analysis was conducted to determine the world h the Islamic and Iranian culture taking advantage of rich sources of Islam, as in Quran and Hadith and the utilization of capacities and talents of the rich culture of the city and urbanization in Iran responsible for the emergence of creativity in the Iranian cities and the introduction of innovative Iranian Islamic creative city in the world.

Industrial heritage as a relatively recent phenomenon is the production of mid-20th century. The industrial heritage represents the culture, historical situation, processes, technologies and outstanding achievements of each region. Based on the value of contemporary architecture, It is necessary to protect them. Nowadays, the protection of industrial heritage has become an international challenge. One of the prerequisites of the protection of industrial heritage is recognizing their value and their position. Proper protection of industrial heritage needs to study and deep understanding it in a large- scale and recognition of the value of the heritage for conservation process, in a regional scale. However, these kind of buildings, due to the large-scale, locating in the proper point of the city, flexible plans (due to the modular structure) etc. have a great ability to transform into various functions, specially public and urban services. One of the most important values that can be imagined for industrial heritage, is architectural identity of the region. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the effect of this types of structures through survey survey.The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of the industrial heritage on architectural identity in historic cities. The case study was selected by purpose - Dezful & “The MAKINEH of Flour” of Dezful, which now has become the mainstream of bazaar. The variable which is used in order to define local identity, is using this element in address, which the residents giving to someone else to mention the accurate location of specific place, near the “MAKINEH”. The statistical population are selected from among people who lives in eastern sahrabedar mahallah. The results of the paper shows that the industrial heritage has the value of architectural and urban identity in local level. The results indicate significance of comprehensive approach toward reunderstanding and redevelopment of contemporary buildings and industrial heritage sites.

The traditional houses of Yazd has always been considered in the planning and urban design. The houses have two aspects worthy of attention; the architectural and cultural identity. What is remarkable is that; Values and religious beliefs have a direct impact on a society‘s cultural identity. The study puts analysis the role of values and religious beliefs in the formation of residential environments in Yazd city. In this study, values and religious beliefs of the inhabitants is an independent variable that affect the dependent variable of the physical structure of the houses, So that after careful study of religious values and beliefs of Muslims and Zoroastrians in both primary sources, the impact of these factors and its expression in samples in three areas of physical, structural and conceptual models under scrutiny have taken. So to find out the relationship between these two variables descriptive-analytic research method is selected. The results show; Besides the religious culture as the most important factor, climate and geography, economics, political and security issues as well as the formation of the physical structure of traditional houses have influenced Yazd And this causes certain patterns in traditional housing in the city have And houses the city’s Muslims and Zoroastrians as religious identity is formed when components are visible. Moreover, despite of similarities in some parts of the city, the differences are between the buildings of the two religions that show the deep impact of beliefs, values and confidences of their followers in the house planning.

House demand is one of the most essential human`s demands. According to Article 31 of fundamental law of Islamic Republic of Iran also, possessing a suitable house is considered as the right for every person and every Iranian family. Though due to the extensiveness and complexity of the concept of housing, one cannot give a comprehensive, unique definition of it, but the housing, as a shelter, is regarded as the primary and basic needs of the family. Housing, as a basic need of man, has found different meaning in different natural and man- made environments.However despite of that above- mentioned differences, housing in any community has had an excellent, sacred concepts, with supply of which, man has achieved his “being” and has experience and life in that “being”. In other words, that quality of settlement has given meaning to the quality of man’s being. The factors contributing to the image of Iranian Islamic cities are Iranian residential traditional architectural buildings that have been a valuable component in various parts of the country depending on the climate is different. Architecture has been formed based on natural and climatically identity of each region and it is manifested as the identifying factor in history. Time and changing the architectural style of residential architecture has also had an impact on residential architecture, so that today’s residential architecture does not have qualified the specific identity.The focus of this article is that investigation of the effects of modern architecture on traditional Iranian architecture for the re-development of the missed model of Iranian people past life is necessary. Also paying attention to the paradigm of housing in the image of today Iranian cities is effective to establish the significance of identity of Iranian-Islamic cities. The present article treats the reasons for the inability and failure of today architecture and urbanism for the housing problem and suggests the criteria for Iranian residential architecture pattern. So, this paper is presented in two main:• Explanation of the significance of “identity” and “sense” in “Iranian residential architecture” and consequently, evaluation of identifying components of Iranian residential architecture in a comparative study of traditional and today architecture• Pathology of today residential architecture of Iran and suggesting the guidelines in conformity with vernacular architecture.