JOURNAL OF HOLISTIC NURSING AND MIDWIFERY
Year:2019 | Volume:29 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Stillbirth is one of the saddest experiences in a woman’ s life, which can have awide range of cognitive, psychological, spiritual and physical consequences. The health systemshould consider appropriate educational interventions for mothers in critical situations. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the educational needs of Iranianwomen who experienced stillbirth and help them adapt to this event and improve theirhealth as well as their families’ health. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using qualitative content analysis. The participants were 15 women with stillbirth experience who were selected throughpurposive sampling method among the volunteers referring to health centers in IsfahanProvince, Iran. The relevant data were collected and by individual interview recordingmethod. The extraction codes were categorized and three main categories extracted inthis regard. Results: The analysis of the participants’ opinions in describing the required education in thecase of stillbirth led to the emergence of three main themes; “ management of postpartumchanges” , “ education for the next pregnancy” , and “ teaching how to communicate withchildren” . Based on the findings, many mothers complained of their lack of necessaryeducation in this matter. They believed that if they received their educational needs, theywould easier adapt to this experience. Conclusion: According to the results, review and modification of the care program (to providewomen’ s required education) is necessary to promote the health of women experiencedstillbirth. Midwives and health care providers should work on the development of educationaland counseling programs for women with stillbirth experience and provide better care forthese women.

Introduction: Job and career is one of the social aspects that affects the health of individuals. Nurses spend much of their time at work in close contact with patients, so the quality of theirworking life can have a significant impact on their health. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship of Quality of Work Life (QWL)dimensions and general health dimensions in Iranian nurses working in treatment andeducational centers of Rasht City, Iran. Materials and Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted on 404 nursesworking in eight treatment and educational centers in Rasht, Iran. The samples wereselected by stratified random sampling method. For collecting data, a demographic form, Brooks’ Quality of Nursing Work Life (QNWL) questionnaire, and Goldberg and Hillier’ sGeneral Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used. The obtained data were analyzed usingdescriptive statistics and inferential statistics of Spearman correlation, Chi-Squared tests, and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The majority of the studied nurses (55. 4%) had desirable QWL and most of them(61. 1%) were suspected of having health disorder. There was a significant and negativerelationship between total nurses’ QWL scores and its dimensions with total nurses’ generalhealth and its dimensions (P<0. 001). Regression analysis results indicate that the firstdimension (work life/home life, OR=3. 581, P<0. 001), second dimension (work schedule, OR=1. 932, P=0. 038), and the third dimension (work conditions, OR=1. 879, P=0. 05) were thepredictors of the nurses’ general health. Conclusion: Since the highest relationship was between work life/home life and generalhealth, hospital managers are recommended pay more attention to this dimension of QWL, and use appropriate strategies such as providing child care services (like kindergarten services)and reducing nurses’ working hours to improve nurses’ general health.

Introduction: Although humor plays an important role in improving people’ s mental andphysical health, empirical studies on the effectiveness of humor skills training to improve thesymptoms of the patients with schizophrenia are scarce. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of humor skills training onpositive and negative symptoms in male patients with chronic schizophrenia spectrum. Materials and Methods: This research has a quasi-experimental design with pretestposttestand control group. The statistical population consisted of male patients withchronic schizophrenia admitted to rehabilitation centers in Ardabil City, Iran. A sample of30 patients were selected with cluster random sampling method and randomly dividedinto two groups of experimental (n=15) and control (n=15). Members of both groupswere pretested and humor skills training program using the McGee 8-step plan wasadministered to the experimental group for 8 sessions. To collect the data, the Positiveand Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used. The obtained data were analyzed usingAnalysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results: Positive and negative symptoms scores significantly decreased after 8 sessions ofhumor skills training in the experimental group (P=0. 001) while there was no significantdifference between pretest and posttest scores in the control group (P>0. 05). Conclusion: Humor skills training decreased positive and negative symptoms in patients withschizophrenia. Therefore, using this program is recommended to reduce the problems ofpatients with schizophrenia.

Introduction: Women experience unique events during their lives, two examples of which arepregnancy and childbirth. Sexual desire and activity in pregnant women and their husbandsare unpredictable during pregnancy and their sexual function may increase, decrease, orremain unchanged. Objective: This study aimed to predict sexual function based on the love styles andmaladaptive schemas among pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional analytical research designand the study population included all pregnant women who referred to healthcare centersand clinics in Shiraz City, Iran in 2016. The research sample consisted of 300 pregnantwomen who were selected through purposive sampling method from all pregnant womenreferring to healthcare centers in Shiraz. The data collected through questionnaires ofFemale Sexual Function Index Questionnaire (FSFI), love attitude scale, and Young schemaquestionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient andstepwise regression analysis. Results: The results indicate that subscales such as abandonment and rejection (β =-0. 459, P<0. 001), autonomy dysfunction (β =-0. 253, P=0. 003), extreme orientation (β =-0. 2, P=0. 005)and awareness (β =-0. 021, P=0. 014) are negative significant predictors of sexual function. Inaddition, Eros and Pragma styles are positive significant predictors of sexual function, whileLudus and Mania styles are negative significant predictors of sexual function. Conclusion: The familiarity of couples with love styles and cognitive schemas is worthy of attentionbecause they are important in preventing sexual dysfunction and increasing sexual satisfaction.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of death around the world. Identification of triggers that lead to acute coronary events in ischemic heart diseases andtheir prevention can reduce the complications of myocardial infarction. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine emotional triggers in patients with acuteMyocardial Infarction (MI). Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 269 patients withacute MI hospitalized in two medical centers in Rasht, Iran in 2015. The relevant data werecollected by a researcher-designed questionnaire completed by interview. The obtaineddata were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods, Cochran testand Generalized estimating equations of logistic regression. P values less than 0. 05 wereconsidered statistically significant. Results: The Mean± SD time of patients’ exposure to studied emotional triggers were reportedas 4. 99± 5. 50 h for anger; 13. 1± 2. 4 h for insomnia; 4. 71± 4. 85 h for quarrels; 5. 78± 5. 01 h forunexpected news; 1. 9± 2. 9) h for partner bereavement; and 5. 17± 4. 80 h for watching sportgames before acute MI onset. Regression analysis results indicates that the risk of having acuteMI is associated with exposure to quarrels (95%CI1. 19-3. 38, OR=2. 01, P=0. 008), unexpectednews (95% CI 1. 35-3. 53, OR=2. 19, P=0. 001), and partner bereavement (95% CI 0. 08-0. 84, OR=0. 27, P=0. 024) prior to acute MI onset. Conclusion: The most important emotional triggers of acute MI were quarrels, unexpectednews, and partner bereavement during hazard period. Therefore, it is necessary to take thesefactors into account in order to raise awareness among at-risk people, and to use appropriateemotional control mechanisms to reduce stress after these events.

Introduction: The surge in the aging population is a global phenomenon. Thus, it calls forattention to the issue of health, comfort, and welfare of the elderly in different aspectsincluding Social Well-being (SW). Objective: In this regard, this study aims to investigate the SW status and its related areasin the elderly people living in nursing homes of Rasht City, Iran with respect to sociodemographicvariables. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 185 elderly agedover 60 years living in the nursing homes in Rasht. Sampling was done by census method. Data collection tools were socio-demographic form and the Iranian social well-beingquestionnaire. For analyzing data, descriptive statistics and statistical tests of Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and logistic regression analysis were used. Results: The Mean± SD SW score of the participants was 4. 64± 0. 91 (from 5), where the highestscore was in the area of family, and the lowest in the area of friend/relative. The SW statusof the majority of subjects in the area of family was “ good” (56. 2%); in the area of friend/relative, was “ poor” (53. 5%); and in the area of community, was “ moderate” (63. 8%). On thewhole, the SW status of most subjects was moderate (56. 2%). Among socio-demographicvariables, the type of nursing home (OR=2. 8, P<0. 024), and receiving phone calls (once aweek) (OR=19. 7, P<0. 0001) were predictors of SW. Conclusion: Considering the specific structure of Iranian families and the importance andposition of the elderly, their SW score in the field of family is not appropriate, and there isstill room for concentration on the family along with the community. Also, outside-familycommunications of the elderly people need more attention and should be considered inplanning and care of this age group.

Introduction: Marital satisfaction is important for several reasons, including individualand mental health of the husband, wife and children. One of the main factors in maritalsatisfaction is the division of household tasks, which varies according to the gender-rolebeliefs of the couples. Objective: This study aims to examine the association between marital satisfaction, division of household labor, and gender-role beliefs of couples. Materials and Methods: This is an analytical study with correlational design conductedon 120 couples referred to the health care centers in Mashhad City, Iran, in 2013. Theycompleted a demographic form, Persian version of Evaluation and Nurturing RelationshipIssues, Communication, and Happiness (ENRICH) marital satisfaction scale, a researcherdesignedhousehold labor division questionnaire, and another researcher-designedgender-role belief questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive andinferential statistics. Results: Marital satisfaction of spouses had no significant relationship with their genderrolebeliefs. Performing household tasks by wives were not significantly associated withtheir marital satisfaction, but when their husbands participated in household labor, their marital satisfaction increased which was statistically significant (r=0. 18, P=0. 004). Husbands’ participation in household labor was significantly correlated to their maritalsatisfaction (r=0. 20, P=0. 025). Conclusion: Although most husbands believe in traditional gender-roles and wives inmodern beliefs, these attitudes do not correlate with their marital satisfaction and thedivision of household labor. Husbands who had higher marital satisfaction reported moreparticipation in housework.

Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) as a stressful event, despite causing negativepsychological changes, may lead to positive ones as well. Objective: This study was mainly conducted to examine the implications of posttraumatic growthand demoralization and also to determine the relationship between them in patients with MS. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, in which the research populationincluded all patients with MS who were the member of Ardabil Multiple SclerosisAssociation. Using convenience sampling method, 146 eligible patients completed theposttraumatic growth tool and the demoralization scale. The obtained data were analyzedby using descriptive (mean, range, frequency, standard deviation) and inferential (Pearsoncorrelation coefficient) statistics. Results: The Mean± SD age of the participants was 33. 59± 8. 70 years, and most of them werefemale (67. 8%), married (67. 1%) and had a high school diploma (49. 3%). The Mean± SDscores of posttraumatic growth and demoralization were 65. 23± 17. 1 and 34. 71± 18. 22, respectively. Also, a significant inverse correlation was obtained between demoralization withposttraumatic growth (P<0. 001; r=-0. 57) and its dimensions (P<0. 001; r=-0. 23 to-0. 57). Conclusion: By decreasing the score of negative psychological changes (demoralization), thescore of positive psychological changes (posttraumatic growth) increases in the MS patients. Nurses, psychological counselors, and other community caregivers can provide the contextto create positive changes in MS patients, by reducing demoralization and resolving patients’ psychological problems.