Journal of Literary Studies
Year:2009 | Volume:42 | Issue:1 (164)|Papers Count:12

Understanding allegories, helps us to give a clear and accepted interpretation of complex and complicated thoughts, and this is said to be a cultural need. The purpose of this research is to find and recognize the allegories used by Meibodi in his mystic interpretation of Kashf-ol-Asraar.The results of the study show that different kinds of allegories are used in this interpretation; and this has helped to give a clear and an exact interpretation.KeyWords: Allegory, method of equation, decoded allegory, language functions, narrative allegory, language of interpretation, religious language, Meybodi's interpretation.

Asha, meaning order and honesty as apposed to anarchy and hypocrisy is the most significant principle of the Anciant Persian religion. There are some events and tales they are coloured by the asha principle. The manifestation of asha in such cases is the result of a certain religious experience known as the exegetic experience. The exegetic experience is in fact a religious interpretation and every interpretation presupposes some prior knowledge and principle according to which the interpreter relates together various events and phenomena. This article introduces some cases in which the presupposition of the exegetic experience is the principle of asha the argument is that the manifestation of asha as exegetic experiences has been the case mostly in the realm of political power and in the criticism and restraint of power Although it has been influential in the realm of individual relation and the natural order of things, thus providing social order and provoking civil progress.

Ferdowsi, has beautifully described the important characters of Shahnameh.With the help of psychological analysis, one can reach the hidden layers of their personality. This shows Ferdowsi's intelligence and his awareness in characterization. One of the negative and unaccepted characters of Shahnameh is called Shaghaad, who is Rostam's stepbrother. In his exact description of this character, Ferdowsi presents him as a character that has inferiority complex. The writers of this article study different reasons that have resulted to such a characterization and his inferiority complex.

The purpose of this research is to study the hostile behavior of Ahriman in destroying Ahura Mazda and his good creations, specially the creation of man. This hostility also continues in the reign of Jamshid. One day Jamshid sat upon a jewel-studded throne and the Divs who served him raised his throne up into the air and he flew through the sky. Feeling proud of what he saw, Jamshid began to forget that all the blessings of his reign were due to God. He was deceived by Ahriman into belittling God and telling lies and doing evils. As a result, he lost his wisdom and the divine Excellency (Farr).From that time onwards, the Farr departed from Jamshid, joined and united with Fereidoun. Zahhaak, the ruler of Arabia, under the influence of Ahriman, attacked Jamshid, and brutally murdered him. Their purpose was to attain Farr, but they never attained it. In the end, the behavior of Ahriman and Zahhaak, led to the symbolic aeath of Jamshid and the descending of his soul into hell.

The writers of this article present an analysis of the main characters in the story of 'Do Zaahed' (Two Hermits) from Lacanian point of view. Lacan divides human nature into three parts; imaginary order, symbolic order and the real. According to him, the imaginary order is the domain of apparent attractions and deception. The symbolic order is the realm of law which regulates the desire in human being and the real, indicates that man's essence is in the unconscious and beyond his existence; this one he calls as the other. Thus, the study of language techniques would be useful in presenting a psychological analysis of a character. The story of 'Do Zaahed' has three main characters, Haaroun AI Rashid, Ibn-e Amri and Ibn-e Sammaak. These characters are analyzed based on Lacan's view of human nature.

The writer of this paper has studied the themes of research in Haft Peykar written by the great poet, Nezami Ganjavi. In his introduction in Haft Peykar, and in the language of poetry, this poet and the great scholar has presented subjects like the history of research, research planning, data collecting, scientific innovation and its development. The point that such a great poet has paid attention to such a subject is of great importance.

The Literature of each era is like a mirror that reflects and shows the social behavior, culture, custom and traditions of the society. Persian Literature and its poets have reflected political, social and cultural situations in their poetry. With a clear and exact study on different works of Persian writers, one can understand and know the society of the era. Adib AI-Mamalek farahani, is one of the most important poets of the awareness era and his poetry is the reflection of this period. He is also one of the important poets who could affect other poets and many were inspired by his poetry.The writer of this paper has studied the poems of Adib AI-Mamalek with a sociological approach.

One way for getting familiar with the manners and traditions of ancient tribes is the study of their literary works. This can also be done through evaluation of their ancient poetical works, literary contexts and historical documents. Customs such as weddings, mourning, ceremonies, games and entertainments and the ways they were performed, are also discussed in this paper. Roodaki's poetry, as a permanent context, has some parts of Samanian history. Since the study of culture and the society in which Roodaki was living, makes us familiar with his society, the writer has studied the poetry of this great poet with a sociological view point.

Dolat Abadi's Kalidar had been narrated from the intrusive third person point of view. In this way of narration, although the narrator has not physical presence but revealshls his feeling every where in the text. Some of critics, like Hooshang Golshiri, believe that this kind of narration and story telling come from far pasts. The' fact is that, the narrator intrusions in Kalidar's stories has many reasons. Some of them are: getting experiences from the past, making harmony between form and content, establishing harmony and relationship.

Since the roots of many Persian words are unclear, a researcher should study the vocalic evolution of these words to get to the root. The word Dahyu is one of these words. From Indo-European period to modem Persian, this word has had many different meanings. The writer of this article, studies the different meanings of this word. To reach to the earlier form of the word, the writer has studied the history of the word, from its Indo-European form to modem Persian. In the end, the writer has constructed the most probable root for this word.

The writers of this paper introduce two kinds of linguistic frequency, type frequency and token frequency. Then, the effects of each kind of frequency on syntactic structures are analyzed. The token frequency effects are divided into two main types: conserving effect and reduction effect. The type frequency is mainly effective in syntactic productivity. The two effects of token frequency on syntax and their interaction with type frequency over time allows us to explain many situations in language that otherwise appear very arbitrary.