JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ORDER (ENTEZAM-E-EJTEMAEI)
Year:2018 | Volume:10 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:10

Background and objectives In most cities of Iran there is an ancient and historical area that is effective in urban planning. One of the main goals of this study is to study the factors affecting the incidence of vandalistic behaviors among citizens of Semnan city. Methodology The research method in this research was of a survey type and the research tool was a standard questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of people over 18 years of age living in the historical area of Semnan city. A sample of 130 people was selected through the Cochran formula and they were measured using SPSS software and structure equation technique. Findings: In Semnan's distressed area، with 95% confidence level among all the effective factors، there is a significant positive correlation between the rate of "citizens' vandalistic behaviors" and "physical factors"، and the standardized regression weight between the variables for the theoretical model is 1. 081، which is the highest value among other factors. Results The variation in the level of vandalistic behaviors is most dependent on physical factors، including urban abandoned area، distant placement، not having a communicative bond with visible spaces، lack of proper illumination، and neighboring the commuting area، and the least dependent on economic factors.

Background and objectives The sense of social security is one of the most important issues in every society، and is a prelude to the life of every political and social system. Sense of security is a psychological-social phenomenon that has different dimensions. Methodology The present research studies the relationship between social capital and sense of social security in the city of Karaj. This study is of a survey type and the statistical population included all people over the age of 15 years. To determine the sample size، the Cochran formula was employed and accordingly 315 individuals were selected based on random sampling method. Findings and results The results of the research show that the sense of social security variable in the city of Karaj is less than the average. The results of the bivariate correlation table also show that there is a significant relationship between individual trust and objective participation and the sense of social security. Also، the results of regression analysis showed that independent variables account for 13 percent of the dependent variable.

Background and objectives The present study was conducted to investigate the viewpoints of Araki citizens regarding the impact of social factors on the sense of social security. In fact، the main purpose of the present research is to "explain the social factors affecting the sense of social security". Methodology The present research is conducted at the explanatory level that has been carried out using survey method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all citizens of Arak in 2017. Sampling was run using cluster sampling method. The data gathering techniques were a researcher-made questionnaire. A sample size of 384 people was employed and a standard sense of security questionnaire was employed to measure the sense of social security. Findings: Based on the research findings، the social components affecting the sense of social security are: I. R. I. Police performance، social awareness، social satisfaction، social trust، social status، social participation and social origin. Results Police as the means of external control of individuals; social relations also by promoting social awareness، elimination of discrimination and injustice، poverty and corruption of society، which improve social satisfaction; communication density by the improvement of social trust; creating conditions for attracting different orientations to be absorbed at social sites; promotion and distribution of social roles in order to strengthen the social participation; multiplicity of social participation networks; and the prevention of polarization of norms; normative contradiction; normative instability; normative and anomalous weakness in society in the direction of social origin; all will help to improve the sense of social security.

Background and objectives Due to its heavy and important duties، on the one hand، and the direct interaction with the people on the other hand، police force has a unique role among the security provider organizations. Therefore، this study is designed to analyze the contents of the requirements for the realization of the law enforcement security in the thought of the Supreme Commander of all armed forces، and seeks to answer this fundamental question: what are the requirements for the realization of the disciplinary security from the point of view of the Supreme Leader? Methodology The research data includes all the non-confidential statements made by the Supreme Commander of all armed forces during a meeting with I. R. I. Police commanders and students of Amin Police University Sciences from March 2011 to September 2013. This study was conducted using the "theme analysis" and within the framework of MAXQDA software. Content validity test was used to assess the validity. For this purpose، the findings of this research were reviewed by a number of experts and their views were employed to modify the contents of the research question. The Holstean method was also employed to calculate the reliability of the data; therefore، the reliability of the leading research results was confirmed with respect to the resulting value of. 89. Findings and Results: The results of the research show that from the point of view of the Supreme Commander of all armed forces، in order to create، establish and generalize the most important national need، which is security، the police force requires the preservation and strengthening religious values in the dimension of attitude، innovation، especially in the field of science in the dimension of knowledge، and authority and legalism and discipline in the dimension of capability.

Background and objectives The main objective of this research is to investigate the extent of the sense of security among the citizens aged 18 years and above in the cities of Mazandaran province. Also، in this research، an attempt has been made to study the impact of cultural capital and its dimensions on sense of security. Methodology This study has been conducted using survey method. The statistical population of this study includes all citizens aged 18 years and above in Mazandaran province. The sample size of the study was 1100 individuals selected by proportional sampling method. Findings: The results of multivariate linear regression in step-by-step method have shown that the variable of objective cultural capital (. 332) and the variable of cultural imagined social capital (. 139) respectively have the greatest and least impact on the variable of sense of security. It should be added that among the three variables introduced into the regression equation (the Objective Cultural Capital، the Institutionalized Cultural Capital، and the Imagined Cultural Capital)، all three variables have remained in the equation. It should be noted that the effect of all variables that remain in the equation (the Objective Cultural Capital، Institutionalized Cultural Capital، and the Imagined Cultural Capital) on the dependent variable of the sense of security is a positive. Results The cultural capital (objective cultural capital، imagined cultural capital، and institutionalized cultural capital) has a positive impact on the sense of security (social security، cultural security، political security، and economic security).

Background and objectives An increase in the number of crimes related to children and young people among different communities has been one of the serious damages in recent years that threaten societies، in such a way that the countries in the world also consider it as a serious challenge. On the other hand، considering the type of police mission and role، it is important to pay close attention to the issue and play an important role along with other responsible institutions. This study addresses the role of the police in preventing these crimes. Methodology The methodology of this research is descriptive-analytic and library studies were employed for data collection. Considering the importance of crimes against children and adolescents in terms of security، an attempt has been made to explain the prevention of these crimes by the police. Findings and Results: Considering that crime prevention is one of the main objectives of the police، in addition to traditional interventions، it is necessary to take new measures based on new methods of prevention such as social and the situational prevention، etc. Police can interact and collaborate with organizations، institutions، schools، families، children and adolescents with the goal of socialization، as well as action in the field of educating and informing children and adolescents in order to strengthen the sense of internal control of crimes committed by children and adolescents in combating the crimes against children and adolescents.

Background and objectives The pace of change in all areas is so strange that we can no longer deal with new phenomena and methods by the traditional ways; these changes are clearly seen in the methods of committing crimes، so we need new methods to deal with them. Therefore، this study aimed to investigate the role of futurology in preventing vehicles and homes theft. Methodology In terms of its objectives the present study is of an applied research type، and in terms of the method it is a descriptive-survey study. The statistical population of the study consisted of 40 criminal investigation police officers from Miami and Shahrood cities، all of whom participated in the study. Data gathering method is a library and survey method. The research tools were note-taking، interview and researcher-made questionnaire. Findings and Results: Based on the results obtained in the field of security factors: attention to the security of websites and virtual and cybernetic environments; in the field of economic factors: poverty and unemployment; in the field of geographical and environmental factors: installation of camera and alarm and then control of marginalization and standard construction; in the field of social and cultural factors: access to narcotics and alcoholic beverages and then the attention of neighbors and locals to the presence of strangers and then، attention to houses where singles are living were selected as the important factors of theft prevention، respectively، and finally، based on the results of the research، economic factor is the most important factor in robbery. More attention is should be paid for economic criteria in theft prevention.

Background and objectives Among many adolescents، there is a strong desire for effective communication، but they are often incapable in communicating with others، and this disability is due to a lack of courage skill among adolescents. Therefore، the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of courage skill on social damages among adolescents. Methodology In order to answer the main research question، this study was conducted using an experimental method and pretest-posttest design with control group. For this purpose، in order to identify the high risk adolescents، three subscales of Iranian adolescents' risk-taking scales developed by Zadeh Mohammadi، Ahmad Abadi، Heidari (2011) were conducted among adolescents. After identifying high-risk adolescents، 60 of them who have the highest mean of high-risk behaviors were selected and randomly assigned into two groups of 30. After pre-test run، eight training sessions were held and at one time post-test was performed on the experimental and control groups. Findings and Results: The results of multivariate covariance analysis after examining the assumptions of this test showed that there is a significant difference in the linear combination of dependent variables between the experimental and control groups and 74% of the social damage changes (risky factors of high-risk behaviors) can be explained by the intervention of courage skill training.

Background and objectives One of the problems of today's societies is an increase in the phenomenon of delinquency and crime repetition. One of the key organizations in the fight against crime is the police organization. Police can play a significant role in preventing crime repetition due to the initial dealings with criminals. One of the police actions in this regard is the use of a restorative policing program. The restorative policing is a program that is being made available to the community policing to help them prevent crime repetition through their own specific functions. Therefore، considering that some studies on community policing have been carried out، and no research has been conducted on restorative policing، this study has addressed this issue. Methodology In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research type and in terms of methodology it is a descriptive-analytical study. The data were collected and extracted from books، articles and translations using a documentary method and library study and then analyzed. Findings and Results: The results of the research show that the traditional policing have not succeeded in fighting against crimes through its repressive measures. In this sense، the police and the official investigation system attach the label of a criminal offender to the criminals that makes the offender's correction and return to the society difficulty. As a result، this leads to crime repetition. While the police، in their new community-based approach، use people's participation in order and security and fighting against crime. In this regard، a new program called a restorative policing is provided to the community policing. In this program، the police gather the delinquent and the victim together to prevent crime repetition by means of restoration methods، such as mediation and social gatherings، and bringing responsibility and creating a retributive shame in the offender.

Background and objectives The Criminal Procedure Code of 2013 plays a very important role in balancing the individual and social rights of individuals with the sovereign (state) rights. However، what is remarkable; the rapid pace of social change، the increase in the scope and speed of the transfer of crimes، the change and complexity of the methods of committing a crime، and the introduction of emerging crime into the social realm face the path to law enforcement with the challenges that are left behind in the elaboration of the horizons of thought. And the legal gaps caused by the lack of prediction of all the far and distant angles by the legislator also made the police، as one of the security and law enforcement agencies، to be encountered with major challenges، especially when dealing with cases of non-flagrant and suspicious offenses in the physical inspection of individuals as well as car safety inspections. The main purpose of this study is to identify the legal gaps in police checkpoints for the individuals and vehicles. Methodology This study has been carried out within the area of police command of Ardabil province. The statistical population consisted of 68 individuals، including all staff members of the checkpoints of Ardabil province. Due to the limited statistical population، and for the purpose of reliability and validity of the research using the instrument of a researcher-made questionnaire، the staff members of the narcotic police، criminal investigation police، the anti-smuggling staff members، and the police experts of the police and prevention police of the province were also questioned. Findings and results: In this study، we found that there are some legal gaps in the physical inspection of individuals، vehicles، etc. at the checkpoints. The most important challenges of the checkpoints in the new Criminal Procedure Code are as follows: judicial coordination to conduct physical inspections in dealing with suspects، the existence of inconsistent perceptions about the calling-for-deeds and forbidding-the-evil-doing agents regarding the privacy of personal cars، and the uncertainty of the discovered unauthorized assets.