Preventive Care in Nursing and Midwifery Journal
Year:2020 | Volume:9 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Background: Gestational diabetes is one of the most common complications of pregnancy that has several effects on mother and baby. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence as well as maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes. Methods: This descriptive comparative study was carried out on all pregnant women who underwent 75 g glucose test and referred to Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital in Zanjan for delivery from September to March 2018. Data was collected according to the client's biography obtained by the gynecologist and also the available evidence of gestational diabetes. Data was analyzed by SPSS 25 software. Results: The prevalence of gestational diabetes in the present study was 4. 7%. The mean age in the group with gestational diabetes was 30. 65± 6. 9 years, which was statistically significant compared to the mean age of healthy mothers (27. 93± 6. 4) (P= 0. 01). There was a statistically significant difference in the type of delivery between the two groups (P<0. 001) as the delivery method was cesarean section in 70. 6% of patients with gestational diabetes. Evaluation of pregnancy and neonatal outcomes between the two groups in terms of the need for induction (15. 8% vs. 47. 4%), cases of episiotomy (22. 8% vs. 43. 9%), cesarean delivery (63. 2% vs. 26. 3%) and the need for hospitalization of the infant in NICU (26. 3% vs. 7%) indicated a statistically significant difference (P= 0. 01). Conclusion: This study did not result in a significant difference in maternal and neonatal complications, except for the need for NICU hospitalization and delivery.

Background: Urinary tract infections are responsible for 45% of hospital-acquired infections, of which the urinary catheter is responsible for 80% of hospital-acquired urinary infections. Objectives: Due to the importance of the issue and its relationship with the application of correct principles of catheterization in accordance with existing standards in preventing infection, we decided to investigate the observance degree of sterile principles of catheterization in medical wards. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, two researchers in different medical wards of selected hospitals of Abadan University of Medical Sciences evaluated the procedure based on a researcher-made checklist. The data was analyzed by Pearson correlation using SPSS-21 software. Results: In this study, 150 people were included as the participants. The results of the study indicated better performance in women and people with a history of less than 5 years, and the best performance belonged to the age group of 20-29 years. Besides, based on the position, students and nursing experts achieved the best performance, and the group of Practical Nurse and physicians showed the weakest performance. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate lack of knowledge or inattention to the observance of standards and their importance among health staff. This especially holds true in people with working experience and older ages, practical nurses and physicians, and those who neglected continuous training and followed the procedures incorrectly. The working principles are mostly performed on a routine basis with the least amount of time and accuracy. Therefore, more attention should be devoted to this issue through workshops and educational forums as well as interaction with centers of evidence-based care that use their life experiences with regard to existing facilities.

Background: Educational atmosphere is a manifestation of the curriculum and represents the spirit and context of schools and the curriculum. Objectives: The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) is used as a diagnostic tool for evaluating the effectiveness of changes in education and identifying the difference between real and ideal environments. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the nursing students’ perceptions regarding the educational atmosphere of the pharmacology course. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on all undergraduate nursing students who had a course in pharmacology training (N=30) in 2015. To this end, the DREEM modified instrument was applied to examine students’ perceptions and data were analyzed by SPSS software using mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage for descriptive data. Results: Overall, the mean score of the nursing students’ perceptions regarding the educational atmosphere of the pharmacology course was 98. 5± 18. 86 out of 172. The educational atmosphere of the pharmacology course was reported as excellent (3. 3%), more positive than negative (70%), and plenty of problems (26. 7%) from participants’ viewpoints, respectively. Conclusion: In general, the educational atmosphere of the pharmacology course was more positive than negative from the viewpoints of the majority of nursing students, indicating the importance of professors’ considerations regarding the principles of the instructional design and creating an appropriate educational environment for better learning in trainings.

Background: Sexual function is an important part of women's lives, and several factors play a role in its formation. Objectives: The present study aimed to provide a structural model for predicting women's sexual function through sexual self-efficacy according to the mediator variable of conflict resolution techniques. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was performed on 378 married women who referred to the cultural centers of Isfahan. Female sexual function index, Waziri and Lotfi sexual self-efficacy questionnaire, and the Strauss conflict resolution techniques scale were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and SEM (Structural Equation Model) method using SPSS-24 and AMOS-24 software. Results: The data related to the fit of the model showed that the fit indices of the model are at the desired level; according to the mediator variable of conflict resolution techniques, the prediction model of female sexual function based on sexual resilience was approved. The results showed that sexual self-efficacy has a negative effect on sexual function (P>0. 01; β =-0. 30), and conflict resolution techniques also have a negative effect on sexual function (P>0. 01; β =-0. 43). The study confirmed the mediating role of conflict resolution techniques in the relationship between sexual self-efficacy and sexual function (P>0. 01; β =-0. 1). Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that conflict resolution techniques are one of the basic marital skills to increase compatibility and improve sexual function in couples, as a mediator variable in relation to sexual self-efficacy and sexual function.

Background: There are not many studies on relationship between teamwork in pre-hospital Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and the relationship between teamwork and its consequences is complicated. Objectives: Therefore, the goal of this research is studying the degree of teamwork and its relationship with job and demographic factors of the Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) in Zanjan Province. Methods: This cross-sectional study focused on the correlation between inclination to teamwork and the demographic features of the EMTs, using a researcher-made demographic and job features instrument and Patterson’ s EMT-Teamwork scale. The data were analyzed through the SPSS. 16 software, and p<0. 05 level of significance was adopted. The ethical code of IR. ZUMS. REC. 1398. 243 for this research was obtained from Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. Results: This cross-sectional study showed mean score of confrontation with teamwork to be 58. 44± 17. 25 and the highest score belonged to Interpersonal Conflict (IC). Furthermore, the mean score of inclination to teamwork was 63. 71± 11. 08 and the highest score in this respect belonged to the partner adaptability and leadership. The linear regression analysis also showed that total teamwork score was statistically significant with respect to the number of missions, workplace and the working environment. Conclusion: The teamwork score of the Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) IN Zanjan was acceptable and total teamwork score was statistically significant with respect to number of missions, workplace and working environment of the Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) in Zanjan Province.

Background: Violence in the workplace is a complicated phenomenon, while being a global intricacy which is constantly growing. Upward growth in violence and the acute dangers, are to the extent that the Center of Disease Control and Prevention considers violence in the working environment as an epidemic and the nursing staff have problems in managing violent events because of improper attitude towards violence. Objectives: This study tries to examine effect of an educational program on the perceptions on management and reduction of violence and aggression in the emergency section. Methods: In this interventionist study, 90 nurses, engaged in the emergency sections of selected medication centers in Khorramabad city were selected on simple randomized selection basis and were assigned into two control and experimental groups. The education program, whose content were effective communication, patient‟ s expected response, peace, impatience, proper relationship and exchange of opinions and controlling behavior in reaction to violence, was implemented and offered to the experimental group every other day for a month and in 16 one-hour sessions. The data were collected through a questionnaire, whose validity and reliability were estimated one month before and after implementation of the educational program through test-retest method and the content validity checking method. Results: Results of this study showed mean score of attitude for the experimental group standing at 36. 79 prior and 35. 83 after the educational intervention (P=0. 402), while the figures for the control group were 36. 79 before and 35. 52 after the educational intervention (P=0. 181). No statistically significance difference was observed in the mean scores of perception improvement in the control and experimental group before and after the educational program. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that implementation of educational program in connection with violence and the way of controlling and encountering violence in the emergency sections cannot affect attitude of nurses towards management of violence alone.

Background: Job satisfaction is a significant factor in increasing the efficiency of staff, enhancing the quality of medical services, and achieving organizational goals. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine and compare the level of job satisfaction among anesthesia and operating room staff. Methods: This descriptive-comparative study was carried out on 152 anesthesia (71 individuals) and operating room staff (81 individuals) in Zanjan hospitals. Sampling was accomplished by census method. Job satisfaction was assessed using the JSS (Job Satisfaction Survey) in nine areas (Pay, Promotions, Supervision, Coworkers, Fringe Benefits, Contingent Rewards, Nature of Work, Operational Procedures and Communications). Data analysis was performed using SPSS 16 software. Descriptive and analytical statistics, including Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney test, were analyzed as well. Results: Most of the participants were female (69. 1%), under 30 years old (48. 7%), and with a bachelor's degree (75%). In general, job satisfaction of the majority of staff was moderate (75%). The mean job satisfaction in the areas of operational procedures (P=0. 005), communication (P=0. 027), and total score (P=0. 042) in operating room staff was significantly higher than anesthesia staff; however, there was no statistically significant difference in other areas (P> 0. 05). Conclusion: Job satisfaction of anesthesia staff was lower in terms of operational procedures, communication, and total score; therefore, it is suggested that managers and authorities take this issue into account and take appropriate measures to improve the job satisfaction of staff in the mentioned areas.

Background: The work environment and work-related activities of Community health care providers can cause anxiety in some situations. Persistent anxiety may lead to feelings of self-illness, absenteeism, substance abuse, and low self-esteem. Anxiety in public health care providers can reduce the quality of healthcare services. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine and compare the level of anxiety in community health care providers employing in rural or urban public health centers of Tabriz in 2020. Methods: In this descriptive-comparative study, 140 community health care providers including 70 health workers (behvarz) from rural health house and 70 health care providers from urban public health centers and its branches entered the study through cluster random sampling. The state and trait anxiety level of the samples were compared using a two-part questionnaire including demographic information form and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistics including Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Mean and standard deviation of trait anxiety in the health care providers group working in rural or urban public health centers was 44. 19± 8. 55 and in the health workers group as the health care provider in health house located in village was 44. 30± 9. 17. Mean and standard deviation of state anxiety was 44. 63 ± 8. 27 and 44. 83 ± 11. 50 in the same groups relatively. Comparison of state and trait anxiety levels between the two groups of health care providers and health workers showed no statistically significant difference (P<0. 05). No significant difference was observed between demographic characteristics and state-trait anxiety levels in both groups (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The level of State and Trait anxiety in the two groups of health care providers and health workers was moderate to mild. It is suggested that the authorities take the necessary measures to identify and moderate the causes of anxiety in this group of health workers.