Journal of Rescue and Relief
Year:2013 | Volume:5 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Background: Regarding the probability of a large earthquake over magnitude 7 (in case of north and south of Tehran faults activation) and several active faults, Tehran is a vulnerable to earthquakes and its consequences due to weaknesses of structure. However, according to researches of Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), the biggest damage from the earthquake will occur in case of Rey fault activation. Situating the old textures in high-risk areas in Tehran and lack of needed infrastructure are the major problems of urban old textures, which raise the importance of these issues.This paper aims to investigate the properties of old textures and apply the available methods and approaches in order to evaluate the potential risks caused by earthquake by using a conceptual model for determining potential risks qualitatively in Eastern Sanglaj in district 12 of Tehran.According to the results, blocking of the passage and demolishing the buildings are severity of the potential risks for the studied area respectively.

Background: Today, due to the significant expansion of roads and increasing number of vehicles as a result an increase in road accidents, Relief road bases should continue their activities with better performance. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of road relief bases.Methods: The relief road bases of Red Crescent society of Yard province are evaluated with using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). So, performance of 13 bases of Yazd (permanent, temporary and mobile) was examined in Nowruz: plan in 2011. Personnel and vehicle were considered as input and the number of outpatient clients and injuries in road accidents were seen as output. The performance of these bases was evaluated with use of input-base CCR model among different data envelopment analysis models regarding input and output parameters and use of DEASOLVER software.Conclusion: Only four relief road bases (three temporary ones and mobile bases) among 13 achieved high level of performance and two bases were also zero. Therefore, the results proposed in order to improve the efficiency of the bases.

Background: Due to the seismic fault lines in Iran, it is prone to earthquakes (about 93%), Earthquake is one of the most frightening, destructive and non-predictable natural phenomena. Thus, community awareness and preparedness is the one of the ways to reduce casualties and damage caused by the earthquakes. This study aims to assess the effect of students' earthquake preparedness program on their families' preparedness in probable earthquake.Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, all male high school students in second year (117) were examined by using census sampling in Eshtehard city. Then, two control and intervention groups assigned randomly. Thus, families were divided into two intervention and control groups. The questionnaire has been developed based on related references and after being validated and evaluated for reliability (kappa coefficient 0.8802), it was filled by family of students. The questionnaire was completed in three stages, and data were analyzed by SPSS-18 and descriptive and inferential statistical tests were employed in 5% significant Level.Findings: Among all participants (117),64 persons (54.7%) and 53 ones (45.3%) were randomly assigned in control and experimental groups respectively. The mean of knowledge (p=0.007) and skill (p=0.011) were significantly high in experimental group in posttest. Moreover, the mean of concern index, skill and knowledge was significantly higher than control group (p<0.05). Finally, interventions increased the level of major indices of the study (knowledge and attitude).Conclusion: The results showed that families had a little knowledge and skill about earthquake that indicated lack of preparation at the time of earthquake. So, students' continuing education is recommended for families' preparedness against earthquake after intervention (students' training). In addition, further studies are warranted as direct intervention and training on families and female students.

Background: Several studies indicate an increase in digestive problems after the earthquake that has been reported high prevalence of mental disorders in various studies. This study aims to examine the relationship between mental disorders and digestive problems among trauma victims of the earthquake at one of the Kerman city hospital in 2005.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all trauma victims due to earthquake were studied in Afzalipour hospital in Kerman city. The patients were divided in two groups: patients with or without digestive problems. Physicians were completed questionnaire of anxiety and depression for all patients through interview.Findings: In this study, about 40% of patients suffered from digestive problems. About 35% of patients suffered from anorexia, 40% from early satiety, and 25% from heartburn. The score of anxiety and depression in patients with digestive problems were significantly higher in patients without these problem (P<0.05).Conclusion: Relieving the mental symptoms of affected people after earthquake is recommended due to relationship between mental disorders and digestive symptoms in patients.

Background: This research aims to study the reflection of news of the Islamic Republic of Iran Red Crescent Society in the official Newspapers and News Agencies in winter 2012. According to the related theories such as gatekeeping, framing and agenda-setting, this study evaluate the related subjects such as thematic structure, news values, style, content, type, nature, size, location and source.Methods: This research is conducted by using content analysis and reverse questionnaire. All related subject (about 662) was published in news agencies and newspapers in winter 2012. By using census sampling, the validity of this research was 1 based on Scott coefficient.Findings: According to the research, the main results are as follows: the Maximum news of Red Crescent society was published in the media was more stressful; also it mostly reflected news of townships and provinces; and Most of the news related to Red Crescent society has been released in news agencies.

Background: Attention to reproductive health and its appropriate trainuig are important for the society in crises especially the vulnerable groups (women & children) due to mortality reduction and diseases prevention. Since the youth can have an important role in learning and dissemination of knowledge in the community, Youth Organization of Red Crescent society aims to study and evaluate the impact of reproductive health training in crises on knowledge, attitudes and performance of its young volunteers groups.Methods: In this study, the workshop of Reproductive Health in Crises was held for groups of young women who were the members of Youth Organization of Red Crescent society in three provinces (East Azerbaijan, Kurdistan and Semnan). By using facilitating and participatory method, knowledge, attitude and performance of the participants and indicators were measured and compared before and after ~ workshop.Findings: According to the findings, the mean pretest score was 14.45, 10.71 and 19.6 out of 40 in East Azerbaijan, Semnan and Kurdistan provinces respectively. However, it was 28.04, 25.11 and 27.55 after the workshop. In addition, advancement of knowledge, attitude and performance was 113.5%, 209.4%, and 43.2% respectively. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in knowledge, attitude and performance of the participators in the mentioned provinces before and after the workshop. (P1=0.00, P2=0.00, P3=0.00).Conclusion: The results showed that training workshops of reproductive health improve knowledge, attitude and performance of youth with using facilitating and participatory method. Therefore, it is necessary to held and continue such a training courses in these provinces and other provinces.

Background: Road networks are key lifelines for the community, and improving their efficiency is critical to the availability of road access after earthquakes. The effectiveness of urban transportation systems after earthquakes has a significant impact on disaster relief performance. Urban road network has been recognized as an important factor in rescue and relief activities after a catastrophic event like an earthquake. Rapid impact assessment of urban road network performance after earthquakes is crucial for initiating effective emergency response because roads are important for the rescue activation. A proper disaster management plan requires that such studies be completed ahead of time before a devastating event to have a thorough understanding of the situation and to plan especially for emergency activities.Methods: This paper presents a GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis approach for evaluating spatial performance of Baghmishe town's communication networks after earthquake. Although Baghmishe town is a newly constructed area, it has been as the most vulnerable region in Tabri: city due to locate in the vicinity of active faults. Thus, one of key questions that arise is investigation of spatial performance of communication network in the region. The multi-criteria decision framework considers environmental and human-built factors that are combined by integration of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to determine criteria weights, the weights in GIS are applied to have been more accuracy the performance analysis of communication networks. The methodology has four major steps such as identification of effective factors; using these factors in an analytical hierarchy process and spatial showing them and finally producing a map for spatial assessment of effectiveness communication network in Baghmishe town. This enabled the selection of strengthening solutions that meet the performance requirements for the Baghmishe Town's road networks.Findings: According to the results, only 40% had high and 60% poor performance respectively of the total area of communication network.Conclusion: The results showed that density of buildings and population should be reduced at narrow passageways. Also, severely avoided increasing enclosed degree and constructing height building. Another approach which must be considered is as follows: to predict a disaster management center and change the barren land into green spaces especially in line west north to east north of Town and approve of sever regulation for construction.

Background: Burns prevalence in the world is about one person at every 17 seconds and approximately 6 million people in a year. Therefore, from the pre-hospital emergency care viewpoint, paramedics, ambulance staff, nurses and etc are the first groups that help burned patients before hospital cares. According to the previous studies, there is a lack of pre-hospital care instructions and guidelines for the pre-hospital care services; unfortunately, this can causes anxiety and reduction of appropriate care. This paper aims to evaluate the way of pre-hospital care for burned patients in Iran in comparison with other countries.Findings: The results indicated that there is not the same instruction for pre-hospital care of burned patients not only in different countries but also in Iran. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a standard model for the pre-hospital procedures.Methods: In this systematic review, from the 676 obtained articles, 102 ones were relevant to the subject and finally 91 articles were selected and studied by using international databases and Persian resources.Conclusions: The researchers decided to study this model as a PhD dissertation due to the limited knowledge in field of pre-hospital care of burns and lack of exact definition of burn phenomena.