Background & Aim: There has been an increasing propensity in recent years for the use of iodoform base materials for root canal treatment of necrotic primary teeth according to the various shortcomings that have been reported over the years about ZOE.Materials & Methods: In this study, we compared ZOE and Vitapex (a premixed Calcium hydroxide and iodoform paste) for root canal treatment of 40 necrotic primary teeth in two groups of children with mean age of 6 years and 6 months. All patients were followed clinically and radio graphically at 3 and 10 months postoperatively.Results: The overall success rate for vitapex wax 100% versus 80.9% for ZOE. Using Fisher Exact Test, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Vitapex group showed rapid elimination of extruding agentsl from periodical tissues.Conclusion: Both ZOE and vitapex gave encouraging results. However, vitapex can be used more safely if patient's return for follow up. Is in doubt.