International Journal of Health Studies
Year:2019 | Volume:5 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Background: The weakness of hip muscles, abductors, and external rotators has been confirmed in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome in comparison with healthy people. This study investigates the effects of gluteus medius Kinesio taping in athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome during functional tasks. Methods: A total of 30 females with PFPS were randomly assigned into Kinesio taping group (n = 15) and the placebo group (n = 15). Pain intensity was measured using the numerical pain rating scale in 4 functional tasks; walking, squatting, ascending, and descending stairs, at baseline plus immediately as well as 24 following Kinesio taping. The data were then statistically analyzed. Results: Mixed-model ANOVAs, with repeated measures on time, indicated statistically significant differences between groups in pain over time for walking (P = 0. 000), squatting (P = 0. 007), and descending stairs tasks (P = 0. 000). However, there were no significant differences between groups in the ascending stair task (P = 0. 651). Conclusions: The results showed that compared to placebo in reducing pain in athletes with PFPS, gluteus Medius Kinesio taping was effective in functional tasks of walking, squatting, as well ss moving up and down stairs.

Background: Dialysis is the most common method of caring end-stage kidney disease, but it has some complications despite its several advantages. The aim of study was to investigate the impact of the gradual reduction of dialysate sodium on occurrence of the hypotension and plasma sodium in hemodialysis patients. Methods: 56 hemodialysis patients participated in this randomized triple-blind crossover clinical trial. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of A and B. The routine method (Sodium Dialysis solution) was performed on group A, whereas the gradual reduction of sodium dialysis fluid was given to group B for three sessions. These dialysis methods were again implemented three sessions, after one week of routine dialysis (wash out). The routine method (Sodium Dialysis solution) was performed on group B, and the gradual reduction of sodium dialysis fluid was performed on group A, for three sessions. Patients' blood pressure was measured three separate times: 15 minutes before dialysis, during dialysis (first, second, third and fourth hours of dialysis) and 15 minutes after of it. Moreover, Patients' sodium level was also measured before and after the intervention. In this way, the descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (repeated measure analysis of covariance) were utilized to implement data analysis. Results: In the case of routine method, the percentages of the prevalence of hypotension in above mentioned different hours were declared 6. 2%, 26. 6%, 44. 5%, 32. 8%, respectively. On the other hand, in the case of the gradual reduction of sodium dialysis fluid, these corresponding percentages were cleared 2. 3%, 1. 7%, 5. 31%, 44. 46%, respectively. The mean differences of plasma sodium before and after dialysis in the mentioned methods were obtained as 0. 58 in the case of routine method, whereas it is 2. 36 in the case of gradual reduction of sodium dialysis fluid method. In this research, there was no significant difference between the rate of hypotension and plasma sodium in the gradual reduction of sodium dialysis fluid by the routine method under 80% powers. Conclusions: The experimental results revealed that a gradual reduction of the sodium dialysis fluid did not play a significant role in the reduction of blood pressure during dialysis and plasma sodium in hemodialysis patients. However, either confirmation or rejection of this issue will require further studies and resolving the limitations.

Background: It is demonstrated that students with better emotional intelligence (EI) had better self-esteem. The aim of study was to assess the role of self-esteem in the relationship of EI and LS. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 403 students of Shahroud university of medical sciences (northeast of Iran). In this study we used Schering emotional intelligence questionnaire and Diener satisfaction questionnaire and Cooper Smith self-esteem questionnaire. Mediation analyzes was done to assess the role of SE in the relationship of EI and LS. Results: About 82% of students had high emotional intelligence level. Comparison of the mean scores of EI, SE and LS by sex showed that there was no significant difference between gender means. The mean score of LS in the groups with high and moderate levels of EI score showed a significant difference between the life satisfaction score between two groups. The results of the mediation analysis showed that SE has a mediatorial role in the relationship between EI and LS, as 98% of the effect of emotional intelligence relationship is through mediating role of self-esteem. Conclusions: Self-esteem showed as an important mediator in the relationship of EI and LS. Regarding this valuable finding, better EI which results in better self-esteem and life satisfaction and these three items could separately results in a series of good results.

Background: Mother's health and breastfeeding efficacy are affected by depression during pregnancy. The aim of study was to determine the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the treatment of postpartum depression in mothers after childbirth. Methods: In this systematic review, the Web of sciences, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Iran Medex, Magiran & SID databases were used to access relevant documentation. To search for articles in the resource, the keywords depression and cognitive-behavior therapy and "perinatal or antepartum or childbirth" is used with all possible combinations of these words. Without time limitation, all related articles have been retrieved. Search was restricted to articles published in Persian and English. The quality of papers was examined using the Cochran risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis was performed using Rev 5. 3. Results: We retrieved 621 titles, of which 12 were qualified after the qualitative synthesis. Meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant beneficial effect of CBT sessions as compared to routine postpartum care on long term management of postpartum depression. (Mean difference:-4. 02 [-5. 58,-2. 47]). A pooled effect size with BID instrument was observed-6. 32 [-8. 54,-4. 11] at 3 months, with EPDS were observed-2. 83 [-6. 56, 0. 90] and-2. 81 [-4. 21,-1. 41] at 3 and 6 months respectively. Conclusions: CBT was shown to be effective however the evidence available is limited. It can be used as an effective psychological treatment without the side effect of drugs in PPD.

Background: Craving is a persistent factor in addictive behaviors. The aim of study was to investigate the effectiveness of matrix interventions in reducing the difficulty in cognitive emotion regulation and craving in methamphetamine-dependent patients. Methods: The research method was experimental and the research design was pre and posttest with the control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all methamphetamine-dependent patients who visited the Golestan hospital of Ahvaz in 2019. Among them, 40 ones were selected by a purposive sampling method and were randomly classified into experimental and control groups (n = 20 per group). The Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Craving Questionnaires were used for data collection. The experimental group received the matrix program (24 fifty-minute sessions), but the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Significant level was set at 0. 05. Results: The results indicated that the matrix program was effective in reducing the difficulty in cognitive emotion regulation (F = 13. 483, Pvalue < 0. 001). The research results also indicated that the matrix program was effective in reducing craving in methamphetamine-dependent patients (F = 60. 716, Pvalue < 0. 001). Conclusions: According to results, the therapy could be used to reduce the difficulty in cognitive emotion regulation and craving in methamphetamine-dependent patients.

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to a set of physical, psychological or behavioral symptoms occurring in ovulation cycles, which in some ways disturbs a person's activities. The aim of study was to investigate the relationship between previous use of contraceptive pills and psychological symptoms of PMS. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among all female students of Shahroud university of medical sciences. Samples were selected by simple census and were provided a standard questionnaire for measuring the PMS. Significant level was set at 0. 05. Results: 65. 5% of the participants had some degree of PMS. The use of OCP significantly reduced some PMS related symptoms such as depression (Pvalue = 0. 039), sadness (Pvalue = 0. 012), sobering up (Pvalue = 0. 003) and anger (Pvalue = 0. 032). Conclusions: The results of this study showed the use of OCP can clearly and significantly reduce some of the symptoms associated with PMS, such as depression, sadness and sobering up and anger.

Background: Diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder (SAD) in childhood is a critical risk factor of mental health in adulthood. Etiology studies have indicated the significant role of parental psychological factors in children with SAD phenomena. The aim of study was to investigate the effectiveness of parental reflective functioning-based psycho-educational programs on the improvement of children with separation anxiety disorder. Methods: A single-case experimental design with multiple baselines has been utilized to conduct the present study. Subjects of the study included 4 parents (two mothers and two fathers) with children suffering from separation anxiety disorder who referred to the psychiatric counseling center and clinic of child and adolescent psychiatrist in Mashhad during May and June of 2010. These parents were selected through convenience purposeful sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and participated in 12 sessions (two sessions per week) of a parental reflective functioning-based psychoeducational program. The participants completed the parent-separation anxiety questionnaire in three stages of baseline during the implementation of the program (in sessions 5, 9 and 12) as well as one month after follow-up. The obtained data were analyzed using indicators of percentage recovery / PR, effect size and reliable change index (RCI). Results: At the end of the psycho-educational program, the results indicated a significant clinical decrease in the severity of separation anxiety in all four parents. At the end of the psycho-educational program, the total score of recovery percentage for the first, second, third and fourth subjects was equal to 70. 86, 71. 30, 72. 21 and 70. 96, respectively. The RCI indicator of subjects was-9. 93,-10. 97,-11. 59 and-11. 26, respectively. Also, the effect size for the first, second, third and fourth subjects was equal to 7. 43, 8. 21, 8. 67 and 8. 43, respectively. Moreover, the overall improvement of all four subjects in subscales of fear of being left alone, fear of abandonment, fear of physical illness and fear of dangerous events was 66. 75%, 71. 10%, 70. 39% and 71. 73%, respectively which the values were significant in the clinical term. This improvement process continued throughout the follow-up period. Conclusions: According to research findings, the parental reflective functioning-based psycho-educational program has a positive effect on improving the symptoms of separation anxiety disorder in children. Therefore, it is recommended to utilize this program in treatment interventions for separation anxiety disorder.

Background: Today, the health care market has become a competitive market. Various factors affect the care of the hospital and the choice of hospital by patients. The present study aimed to investigate the effective factors on patients' preferences based on the mixing factors of marketing services in hospital selection. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was performed on 300 patients referred to educational hospitals in Iran in 2018. The instrument used was a researcher-made questionnaire include two sections (demographic and Patients' preferences questionnaire). Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical. Results: Among the 7 components, the highest and the lowest mean and standard deviation were related to staff (1. 03 ± 3. 89) and location (1. 10 ± 2. 96), respectively. The index value of the RMSEA for the compiled model is equal to 0. 059, the comparative fit index (CFI) is 0. 837 and the IFI index is 0. 839. Employee component with a coefficient of 1. 00 and price component with a coefficient of 0. 72 had the highest and the least effective. Conclusions: Staff and physicians and hospital space have the greatest role in attracting patients. Therefore, it is expected that the hospital management will make the essential planning, and by intervening in the process of work of physicians and staff.